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Objective: was to select quinoa accessions as possible positive reaction differentials to mildew that identify the variability of Peronospora Variabilis Gaum as a pathogen collected in five departments and evaluated in Cusco. Material and methods: mildew samples were collected from the altiplano (Puno), inter-Andean valleys (Cusco, Apurímac, Ayacucho), and coast (Arequipa), obtaining 175 mildew samples. The installation of the experiment was with 100 accessions of quinoa from the Germplasm Bank of EEA Andenes in cultivated fields during two productive campaigns. For its evaluation, quinoa descriptors were used and agronomic characteristics, yield, reaction to mildew (P. Variabilis), ALJDPC (area under the disease growth curve), and saponin percentage were evaluated. In addition, virulence tests and severity evéduations were performed after inoculating quinoa accessions with mildew in the greenhouse. Results: the morphoagronomic evaluation allowed selecting the following genotypes cis possible differentials with a positive reaction to mildew: RR.GG.41 for isolates from Ayacucho, RR.GG.09 for isolates from Apurímac, RR.GG. 16 for isolates from Apurímac and Arequipa, RR. .GG.57 for isolates from Puno and Apurímac, RR.GG.26 for isolates from Ayacucho and Apurímac, RR.GG.38 for isolates from Cusco cind Arequipa RR.GG.43 for isolates from Puno cind Arequipa, RR. GG .76 for isolates from Cusco and Arequipa and the quinoa accessions RR.GG. 11, RR.GG.22, RR.GG.55, RR.GG.64 for the 142 isolates obtciined from the 175 samples of the five departments Conclusions: the identification of twelve possible differential plants allows knowing the variability of the pathogen in the coastal, inter-Andean, and high plateau valleys. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Quinoa crops in the Peruvian highlands are affected by mildew disease, which can cause losses of up to 90 % of production. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of strains of Trichoderma sp and efficient microorganisms (EM) in the control of mildew and yield of quinoa. In the experimental field of the International Potato Center (IPC) Camacani of the National University of the High Plateau of Puno department, in the agricultural campaign 2016-2017, there were sowed control seeds and others pelletized with eight treatments: four Trichoderma sp strains, three doses of EM (5 %, 10 %, and 15 %) and a mixture of Trichoderma sp and EM strains (15 %), later there were made four foliar applications of each one of the eight treatments to 1x107 ufc.ml-1, in each critical moment of the phenological cycle. It was determined the area under the curve of the disease progress (AUDPC) and the yield. All treatments applied significantly favored the reduction of the pathogen and crop yield. The most effective treatment in the reduction of mildew was Trichoderma sp TETQ-3 strain, followed by EM at 5 % with AUDPC of 586.19 and 586.44 respectively, which is equivalent to 53 % less than the control. In terms of yield, ME at 5 % increased production by 208 %, from 1256 kg/ha to 3872 kg/ha. The use of these microorganisms represents an alternative of sustainable use for the biocontrol of phytopathogens and growth promotion in quinoa crops. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]