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This paper examines the web tools used by two Colombian daily papers (El Tiempo, from Bogotá, and El País, from Cali) in order to interact with their readers. For our research we used a matrix to help us classify the abovementioned tools vis-à-vis the different extent of the interactions, the latter understood as the range of possibilities offered by the media to their users in order to modify, produce, and communicate content with both the original transmitters of information and other users. In the case of the papers herein examined, we found that, in spite of the fact that they do offer tools which in fact do bring about interactivity, the latter revolves around three main aspects: adaptability, browsing, and feedback, whereby the user remains at a first level (that of reading the texts) but is not yet allowed to co-produce the content. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Magis: Revista Internacional de Investigación en Educación is the property of Pontificia Universidad Javeriana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

There has been limited research about the impact of ballot paper design in multiparty elections and effects of information or training over the invalid vote and the vote mistakes. This study was to measure the effect of training and ballot paper design on the probability of invalid vote and vote mechanism compression. There has been applied three quasi-experimental designs with different samples, the first experiment (60 volunteers) to design a post test and control group were the hypothesis was rejected because the training doesn’t reduces the likelihood of invalid ballots. The second experiment (172 volunteers) with a post-test design, a control group and two experimental treatments with different groups where the hypothesis of ballot paper decrease the likelihood of invalid ballots was also rejected. The third experiment (60 participants) with a 2x2 factorial design showed that the priming obtained through the instructional design of the on separate large sheet decreased the percentage of null vote even in cases where voters had no experience with the electoral system. The importance of the pedagogical ballot paper design and other items that are part of the voting system in the light of consumer psychology and behavioral economics are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the aim of providing public, empirical data on the psychology undergraduate education offered by the University of Buenos Aires, Argentina from a socio-bibliometrical perspective, we conducted a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the mandatory readings of the 22 compulsory undergraduate syllabi of the basic and professional cycles (N = 2572) at the psychology program, retrieving information on 12 socio-bibliometric indicators, and comparing our results with studies of previous decades. Our findings indicate a hegemonic and almost exclusive predominance of psychoanalytic texts and authors, a decrease in other theoretical orientations, in texts published in recent years and in papers from refereed journals, an increase in authors with a psychology degree, and a literature obsolescence of more than 35 years. We conclude on the legal and socio-institutional implications of such a situation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyzes the media framings from which National Geographic Magazine -NGM- (1903-1926) contributed to the construction of the identity of Colombians at the beginning of the 20th century. The main argument of this paper defends the idea that the media framings found are directly supported by the ideologies of Manifest Destiny and Positivism. By means of the rhetoric strategy of appropriation, the framings found promote two values associated with the Manifest Destiny: the virtue of the institutions of the United States and the mission to transform the world in accordance with the values professed by this country. Regarding the ideology of positivism, the media framings reproduce this ideology through the rhetorical strategy of classification, given that the reports observe the identity of Colombians through the lens of the scientific theory of Darwinism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper identifies the key dimensions in the evaluation of a public investment project of environmental transformation carried out in Moravia neighborhood in Medellín, Colombia. The Sustainable Development Goals approach is adopted through a modified five-dimensional scale applied to 197 inhabitants of the area of influence. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation models were used to derive first and second order models that could be used to define the scale. From the model, the identification of appropriate variables that can effectively contribute to the recognition of sustainable development to optimize the destination of public resources, as well as the sustainability over time of the projects for a better design of public policies are derived. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to put the Robert Spaemann proposal's in dialogue with the management literature regarding the incidence of trust in company costs. Methodologically, the text "Confianza" by Spaemann (2005) is used as a guide, and a systematic literature review is conducted to explore the relationship between trust and its influence on management costs. For this purpose, a hermeneutic method based on the proposal of Gadamerian dialog is used. The main results show that when there is trust within the company and its surrounding context, there is a decrease in costs associated with control and monitoring activities, as well as the management of relationships with its stakeholders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Latin American journals of psychology indexed in the Journal of Citation Reports (JCR), are generally edited by professional associations of psychologists, universities and private foundations. This paper analyzes the positioning strategy adopted by the Professional Association of Psychologists of Madrid, regarding the psychological journals in the area in which they edit. The methodological approach taken to explore the topic uses socio-bibliometric techniques gathering numerical data, and then using that data to perform analyses for a well-informed description of what the topic might be. The results reveal that journals, whose editor or co-editor was Professional Association of Psychologists of Madrid, have increased their visibility in recent years, in both, the SCImago Journal Rank (SJR= 8 journals) and that of the Journal of Citation Reports (JCR= 7 journals) with a greater citation count for its articles, and a higher number of views and downloads for the papers published in its journals. The conclusion is, that the positioning strategy adopted by the Professional Association of Psychologists of Madrid was an effective one, involving the unification of certain rules relating to the edition of articles in their journals, the professionalization of editorial management, the electronic publishing with digital publication of journals and using the open access publishing model for scholarly communication that makes research information available to readers at no cost, as well as their integration in the list of international databases. Although a broader strategy concerning gender equality is recommended, the Spanish professional association of psychologists still stands today as the main editorial group of psychological journals indexed in JCR and SJR of Spain [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: This paper proposes a critical review of the mental health category, given the challenges of migration. Objective: To review the recent scientific literature on the articulation of mental health and migration categories. Method: 36 scientific articles published between 2016 and 2019 were reviewed. They were selected through a systematic process of searching for scientific literature in the databases Pubmed, Ebsco, Science Direct and Scielo. It was made a qualitative analysis to characterized and identified trends and particularities in research. Results: the approach to mental health is mainly focused on problems, symptoms and mental illnesses. The articles are eminently quantitative and specific to the health area. They were carried out in high-income countries that receiving migrants in vulnerable situations. It is observed differential effects between pre-migration and postmigration, and between men and women migrants as well. Other papers studying the particular impact on children and adolescents, or the role of social determinants in migration. Discussion and conclusions: the migratory phenomenon merits a critical review of the mental health category centered exclusively on mental problems and disorders. It is important to promote also a positive understanding of mental health in interventions with the migrant population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to provide theoretically elements to develop health models and systems in Latin America. Its objective is to analyze the attention models and the most relevant configurations of health systems, with a special focus in Primary Health Care (PHC) based models. Methodologically, a narrative no systematic review was made in databases and Google Scholar. For this purpose, it was used the following keywords: models, configurations, paradigms, and theories/health. Papers with holistic information considered relevant and appropriate were selected. For the analysis, first, a hierarchic classification of the distinct approaches identified was made. Second, classic models defined in the literature were studied. Finally, a critical analysis about some models related to PHC in Latin America and distinct modalities of attention in the 21st century was made. With regard to the structured relationships necessary to reorient the health system, it was concluded that these must be grounded in PHC approaches, and oriented toward a "communitarian attention model" to organize services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the case of DOCUPERU, an organization that creates audiovisual contents intended to reect on the use of the collaborative documentary, which aims to promote an inclusive culture of active citizens. It is determined that the products designed by José Balado and his team result from collective actions that allow the marginal communities to gain access to some ways of self-representation, rebuilding their memory and speaking of their quotidianness. Firstly this paper presents an overview of the cultural agency. fien, it explains how these forms of amateur production have led to a new boost for the collaborative documentary. Finally, an interview to Balado is transcribed herein; this way he explains the fundamentals making possible to create such collective life experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In analyzing 1 Cor 1:26-31, this paper seeks to highlight the rhetorical power of the Pauline argument which states that most of the people God called to create the Christian community at Corinth are not "wise," "powerful," and "from a prestigious family," but "fool things," "weak things," "despicable things," and "things that are nothing." By revealing his wisdom and power in the cross of Christ, God chooses the weakness and madness of the world, destroying the foundations of human pride. The paper also shows that Paul's statements cannot be dissociated from the Greco-Roman culture's honor discourse, associated with power, gender, and social standing. In addition to wealth, associated with people of high social status, there was a hierarchy of values that included family lineage, connections with Rome, and cultural sophistication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work aims to analyze the studies conducted on people with disability under the approaches of rights and capabilities considering those aspects interesting in the public health field, such as the inequality, social justice, social determining factors, and well-being of collective groups. A narrative review of the both national and international literature concerning the disability was carried out under both the right approach and the capability approach. Searches were carried out based on keywords in Spanish, English and Portuguese. The quest for information provided 32 documents in total; regarding the approaches under study, 16 papers dealt with rights and disability, 11 papers with capabilities and disability, and 5 papers with both approaches. It can be concluded that the approaches of rights and capabilities have a dichotomous and non-linear relation. Regarding the disability, these two approaches indeed complement each other from their different fields, especially when it comes to cope with the barriers existing between people with disability in the spheres of education, employment and health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article reflects on the connection between libraries and peace. Libraries depend on the peace in order to exist, develop and survive. In turn, libraries contribute to build and preserve the peace. The first part of this paper analyses the emergence of internationalist and pacifist movements during the 19th century and its relation to the modern advent of both the documentation science and the library science. Next, this paper discusses the role of the libraries in the consolidation of the peace as conceived of by the UNESCO and inquires into the different contemporary conceptions around the concept of peace. Finally, the role of the libraries in the construction of the peace is explored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is intended to determine the worth of unpaid health care in Uruguay and to characterize the caregivers (either paid or unpaid) who serve ill people. These objectives are accomplished mainly through the quantitative analysis of the data gathered by the first National Survey of Unpaid Health Care (2013) in Uruguay. This survey enables to become aware and set the worth of the unpaid health care times (replacement cost method) and to characterize the unpaid caregivers. This paper shows how the unpaid health care provided by homes accounts for a third of whole health care aggregate in the Gross Domestic Product. Women are the main caregivers, thus assuming the costs of losing their autonomy and seeing reduced the opportunities to enjoy their rights. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigated the causes that lead university students to abandon their careers as well as the reasons that would drive their return. With the application of the Net Promoter Score (NPS) metric, it was found that 301 (69.95 %) of the 551 students who left the institution did not return. The economic factor (56.8 %), the academic organization (20 %) and health (13.6 %) were identified as the main causes of student dropout. Students would be willing to return if better technological platforms were implemented (27.2 %), if tuition and enrollment costs were reduced (31.8 %), and if a job bank were made available (27.3 %). Promoter (23.6 %), passive (34.9 %) and detractor (41.5 %) students were identified; the promoters are those who are willing to recommend the educational institution and at the other extreme are the detractors who are capable of harming the image of the institution. In conclusion, the intention to return to their studies depends on the type of student. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyses the effects of perceived Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) on trust; and the effects of the last one on consumer loyalty during the health contingency due to COVID-19. A variance-based structural equation model is estimated using a sample of 72 consumers. The results show that CSR actions increase trust and, in turn, this has a positive effect on loyalty. The originality of this study lies in the way loyal consumers were identified, since loyalty levels prior to the analysis were considered, so that only consumers who reported shopping in the same retailing before and during the health contingency were taken into account, which provides a better approximation of the phenomenon studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Te Ckunza of the Lickan Antai people inhabiting Chile, Bolivia and Argentina has been declared extinct. However, it is argued that reconstructing the elements of the grammar could facilitate its revitalization. Tis paper seeks to account for these elements in the ckunza of San Pedro de Atacama. To this end, a review of the phonetic, phonological, lexical, semantic, morphological and syntactic elements of the Amerindian language will be provided. Tis analysis also informs about the agglutinative characteristic of Ckunza. Te corpus of this research comes from the samples collected by the pioneers in its study. Te aim of this review is to show the grammar of Ckunza, since its reconstitution will provide the rules that will allow the creation of new sentences that will contribute to its revitalization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thie main objective of this paper is the conceptual study and characterization of slow journalism from an academic and professional perspective. As a methodological process, a total of 76 files have been analyzed, of which 58 correspond to publications of authors from the academic world and 18 to journalism professionals. Thie publications come from the academic world on information and journalistic quality, on digital journalism and narrative journalism, as emerging journalistic routines with potential and creative dynamics in the media sector. Thie other part of the analysis corresponds to 18 professional journalism experts. Among the most outstanding results is the preeminence of the academic world when it comes to studying the phenomenon, given that among those who practice journalism there is less production of works in this regard compared to those coming from the university environment. Also in academia there is a greater profusion of denominations to refer to the phenomenon in Spanish, although both in academia and in the journalistic profession itself the most commonly used term is the Anglo-Saxon term slow journalism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Te objective of this paper is to contribute to the current theoretical and conceptual debates that address the technopolitical phenomenon. Specifically, it addresses the processes of appropriation and use of information and communication technologies that the new indigenous movements carry out in the Latin American continent, whose central purpose is to confront the colonial matrix of power that governs the functioning of the modern-modern-colonial-capitalist world system. It is found that technopolitics emerges as a praxis of antagonistic struggle in contexts of intercultural conflict, which demands the design of research agendas that attend to the specificity of local processes that, "from below", dispute the meaning of interculturality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research-creation is a methodological proposal still under construction. It is surprising how the field of communication has been inserted in this discussion, although it was the faculties of arts, architecture and design who, at least in Colombia, initiated the debate that culminated with its institutional recognition. Thiis article makes a state of the art of research-creation in the Colombian audiovisual field, based, first, on a literature review and, second, on a look at the offer of postgraduate training in the country. For the review of scientific publications, the EBSCO and SCOPUS databases were used to retrieve documents in Spanish that included the terms "research + creation". Preference was given to publications containing reflections on the method or the conceptualization of research-creation itself. The final list contemplates a corpus of 65 documents, in which the levels that define the discussion are identified: epistemological, methodological and creative. For the review of the postgraduate offerings, the database of the National System of Higher Education Information -SNIES- was used, where the postgraduate programs that declared some component or emphasis on research-creation were selected. The analysis shows the approaches registered in the identified graduate programs. In sum, this paper aims to contribute to the discussion on the place of communication in the construction of research-creation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the last decade there have been several debates about the relevance of online news comments. While some question the hate speech that is verified in these spaces, others highlight the possibility of exchanging opinions. This paper proposes a methodological tool to measure the quality of online news comments, using a sample of 300 comments on highly visible websites in Portugal (Público; Sapo), Spain (El País; 20 Minutos) and Brazil (UOL; Folha S. Paulo). The results determine that commentators tend to use a little personal argumentation (82.3%), although relevant to the discussion in question (60.3%), with few grammatical errors (14.7%) or aggressive interventions (31.7%). Following the Online Comment Policy Evaluation Model (Known in Spanish as MPONC), it is concluded that websites with quality comment moderation systems attract more relevant and timely interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper constitutes a reflective article arising from the research project entitled Learning two figurative uses in early childhood. Challenges and implications for education, funded by the Pontificia Universidad Javeriana between 2015 and 2020. It analyzes the need for early childhood and primary school teachers to make a conscious and explicit use of metaphors and idioms in their classroom pedagogical practices, taking into account the linguistic particularities that characterize these expressions and their relevance for learning from early ages. Likewise, a proposal is offered that allows the incorporation of metaphors and idioms in the classrooms of these educational levels, in a gradual and increasing way, taking into account the pragmatic comprehension skills of the children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to understand the articulation between decoloniality and interculturality, it is necessary to analyze categories that include, on the one hand, historical aspects and, on the other hand, power relations and asymmetries. In this way, the need to assume a critical stance from the concepts of culture and coloniality becomes concrete. The objective of this article is to understand how western knowledge has generated a project of modernity, through discourses in which the construction of otherness goes through different processes of assimilation and incorporation of the other. These condition the adjustment of otherness, according to the dominant social standards, from essentialist conceptions, which ends in processes of differentiation and discrimination. The method used is the critical documentary review. The paper concludes that decolonization poses the challenge of dissociating itself from knowledge that distorts reality, and must distance itself from rationalities that fragment, classify, label and generate rhetoric with which social division is reinforced and segregation and exclusion are legitimized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the incommensurable and incommensurable nature of subalternity, which materializes a position without an identity whose intelligibility is complex, especially when we try to access the configurations of its ontopolitical schema. Subalternity constructs a binary opposition to the nation-state. It is necessary to fight for the production of new criteria of legibility of the educational and cultural subject. This problem is reduced to an obstruction in its ontopolitical and existential rules of intelligibility of a wide constellation of specific heterogeneous groups amalgamated through political, structural, relational, contingent and historical issues that determine their units of cultural legibility. The method employed is that of critical documentary review, organizing a critical corpus of review works derived from intercultural studies, subalternity and postcoloniality. Each of them are key to promote other types of epistemological performances in this regard. Among the main findings and conclusions, we note that subalternity documents a deeper methodological problem: we do not know exactly what the cultural and political agency of such groups consists of. The only thing we should not forget is that we, educators, are at the service of subaltern groups, our task is to learn from their environment, to become a disciple of their cultural space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper puts the spotlight on the dominant 'imaginary' (Castoriadis 1987) governing writing research, focusing in particular on the way in which evaluation regimes shape analytic orientations towards writing as a phenomenon. Drawing on data from three different research projects- student writing ( e.g. Lillis 2001), scholars' writing for publication (e.g. Lillis and Curry 2010), writing in professional social work (e.g. Lillis, 2017)-the paper has three objectives: 1) to illustrate the normative evaluative approach towards writing evident in practises of uptake within the evaluation regimes, that is by teacher, reviewer, manager/inspector; 2) to signal that some widely used analytic categories/frames used across writing research traditions may mirror features of evaluation regimes and lead to a misrecognition, rather than an illumination of what is going on; 3) to illustrate the value of ethnographically oriented approaches, in particular work which explores writing through a focus on trajectories (of texts and of people) for opening up our research imaginaries and for making visible key dimensions to the phenomena we are exploring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The primary objective of this paper, one of the products derived from the author's doctoral thesis, is to indicate how the current Brazilian Constitution innovates to define cultural heritage and establish measures for its preservation. With this purpose, the author makes a genealogy of the so-called "Cartas Políticas" of Brazil, which addressed heritage issues. Without examining the process that led to their formation in depth, this paper aims to demonstrate how the current Constitution extends the concept of heritage, albeit with some limitations, such as the naturalization of cultural diversity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper offers a critical view of the processes of memory in Europe and the narratives of such events, as this can become a benchmark and a guideline for critical historiographic reflection on the violent events of the past, and how they are preserved and transmitted. The text states that the academic field constantly uses a repetition of the war scheme, which is too limited and unfair, and barely relates to historical facts. Believing that memory research is not a rigorous historical approach, and reflecting on the representations of events neglecting their origin, does not constitute an assessment tool and can lead to the wrong conclusions. This paper particularly examines the case of concentration camps, the role of Germany and Russia, the guilt issue connected with memory politics, the epidemic of mechanical repetition in academic texts, or the idea of «replacing a historical model for a memorial model» (Rabotnikof). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The 1960s were the scene of the most transcendent documentary cinema that has been produced in Cuba. In a cinematography led by men, the name of an only woman director stands out, Sara Gómez, whose sensitivity allowed her to represent, from a singular use of lmic language, the social otherness of her time. is paper intends to understand the dramaturgical strategies used by this author to approach the subaltern subject in Cuba aer the triumph of 1959. Focused on the study of the documentaries Guanabacoa, chronicle of my family (1966) and On the other island (1968), the analysis uses the review of theoretical proposals on otherness in and dramaturgy of the documentary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper identifies the socio-economic and demographic determinants of the potential demand for microcredits in Argentina using Logit type estimation techniques based on a random, stratified and non-proportional survey covering 5.700 households in 20 urban sectors. The paper runs two regressions, one for the demand for microcredit with productive purposes and another for the demand for microcredit to improve or enlarge housing. It is concluded that the type of employment, labor informality, age, marital status and debt reoccurrence are determinants of the probability to apply for a microcredit for both purposes. Future research could replicate this methodology for different time periods to strengthen our results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents different conversations on management and organizations that have been published in ten of the main Latin American journals in the time period 2000-2014. The unit of analysis consisted of 3.210 papers classified in four conceptual axes: Management Theory, Organization Theory, Organizational Studies, and Research and Education in management and organizations. For the categorization, the Atlas.ti software, version 7.5, was used, complemented with content and frequency analysis methods. Thematic trends in management and organizations, the most prolific authors, the cooperation networks, as well as thoughts on research and education in this field were identified in this study. The results of the research invite to reflect on the basis of management and the implications of its interventions on organizations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Magis: Revista Internacional de Investigación en Educación is the property of Pontificia Universidad Javeriana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper explores to what extent individual, organizational and social factors determine academic trajectories, controlling for socio-demographic variables such as sex and academic rank. For this, a correlational study was developed in a convenience sample of academics from the Federico II University of Naples, in Italy (N = 228, 55.3 % men and 44.7 % women), between 21 and 67 years old (M = 51.7, SD = 9.2), with the use of descriptive statistics and multiple correspondence analysis. The results show two differentiated tendencies: (1) that of male and full-professors, and (2) that of women and middle and early-career levels. The first group perceive less difficulties and value personal (Model 1, 53.9 % of variance) and family success (Model 2, 50.3 % of variance) factors more. Barriers such as the influence of informal power networks (Model 3, 42.7 % of variance) and family issues, as work-life balance (Model 4 and 5, 50.2 % and 59.9 % of variance), are perceived with greater intensity by the second group. The results highlight the importance of measures for equal opportunities in academia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper aims to understand the evolution of the Corporate Social Responsibility and Corporate Sustainability constructs according to different management research paradigms, as well as current tensions and future research possibilities. The methodology adopted is a tertiary review of the literature. The situation of the convergence of the two concepts, which makes it difficult to have clarity for the advance of research, and criticism towards both constructs (business case, self-fulfilling prophecy, invisibility of stakeholders, and reproduction of the capitalist paradigm of production and consumption), stand out as results. Future research perspectives are related to the deepening of each construct separately, the incorporation of other theories and disciplines into the analysis, and the integration of nonmainstream ideas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is two fold: First, an analysis of the direct effect of ownership structure and boards of directors on insider trading. Secondly, we examine the possible moderating effect the concentration of ownership has on the disciplinary role of boards in preventing this market practice. The results of the multiple regression and hierarchical multiple regression show the negative effect of both concentration of property and the portion of independent directors on insider trading. Regarding the moderating effect, there is evidence that the controlling roles on the boards are influenced by the concentration of property. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the different dimensions of women's empowerment that can arise during the entrepreneurial process. It considers the changes in these dimensions as women advance in the development of their new ventures, differentiating characteristics according to the context (urban or rural). Another contribution refers to which empowerment factors developed by female entrepreneurs are key to reducing poverty. The proposal develops a multiple correspondence analysis and an ordered probit model, with data from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) Colombia. The results make it possible to identify what is needed to strengthen the empowerment of women through entrepreneurship, and the resources available for this. Furthermore, the relationship found between economic empowerment factors and family income provides evidence for the importance of empowerment for poverty reduction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. This research was developed in the framework of the Observatory on rurality and peace in pandemic and post-pandemic contexts, this paper presents advances of interdisciplinary research and reflections about collective health in the Antioquian subregion of Urabá, focused on rural contexts. Objective. To identify the integration/exclusion dynamics related to collective health in rural territories of the Antioquian subregion of Urabá, in the pandemic for COVID-19 context. Methods. The Scalar Model of Collective Health in Times of Pandemic was used as a tool for questioning epidemiological data and territorial readings, in dialogue with the voices of inhabitants and leaders of local social organizations. Results. Results allow to identify the dynamics of the pandemic in terms of integration/exclusion of the municipalities of the sub-region; the overlapping logics of legality and illegality in the territories; the amplification of impacts in territories with historical burdens of inequality; and the great limitations to achieve an effective level of governance in health. Conclusions. The greatest limitation has been the absence of differentiated data for the rural areas, ethnic origin, and precision about the contagion origin. This analysis leads us to affirm that pandemic for COVID-19 reveals structural imbalances, especially in the rural areas of Colombia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. This paper describes and analyses recommendations to protect and mitigate the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, on the physical and mental health of children and adolescents. Objective. To analyze recommendations to manage the COVID-19 pandemic of several restoring rights programs for children and adolescents in American protection systems. Methods. A literature review was done, using the form of rapid evidence syntheses, to provide information about social and health policies. Results. The results show that in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, there is a convergence of both the interest in promoting mental health in girls, boys, and adolescents and the interest to prevent COVID infection through the recommended biosecurity measures. Conclusions. Recommendations show the need for reviewing the internment treatment as a main caring program, considering the side effects of institutionalization on children and adolescents mental health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article deals with the concept of human quality and deep human quality which, according to Catalan epistemologist Marià Corbí, expresses what was previously called spirituality. Deep human quality is a constitutive dimension of the human being, an anthropological fact that does not depend on religions. The text shows, in consonance with the axiological epistemology theory elaborated by Corbí, that spirituality is associated with ways of knowing that date back to pre-industrial period anthropologies. The wisdom traditions were born and constituted from a pattern that is no longer recognized in modern knowledge societies. The way of proceeding and acting in pre-industrial societies with all their cultural creations is framed by the idea of submission. In other words, deep human quality has to do with free inquiry and is therefore associated with modern knowledge societies, incompatible with beliefs, orthodoxies, and homogeneity. It demonstrates the role of speech and its function of grasping the relative dimension to our needs and another dimension not limited to our needs, i.e., the absolute dimension. As unfounded beings, the condition of speakers allows human beings to create their collective axiological projects, full of meanings of reality, values, interpretation of the world, and forms of survival. Speech, in this context, is a consequence of the human need for survival, a biological event, which allows the human-animal to develop its communication system without modifying its genetic programming or its morphology. Finally, the paper discusses the circumstances of deep human quality development in modern knowledge societies. Deep human quality, for Corbí, is usually defined by unconditional interest, distancing, silencing, and by free inquiry, community, and service. All-access to the absolute dimension as well as the cultivation of the deep human quality passes through unconditional interest, distancing and silencing, and free inquiry, community, and service. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Magis: Revista Internacional de Investigación en Educación is the property of Pontificia Universidad Javeriana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Impulsivity is a widely studied construct and has been characterized by a lack of consensus among authors about its definition, characteristics and assessment. This has provoked that impulsivity can be seen as a complex construct. We have conducted a systematic review of impulsivity in adolescents, in order to identify the different definitions, analyze the measures that are used to assess impulsivity and point out the different features which are related to the research on impulsivity. The literature was collected in an exhaustive search from several databases: Web of Knowledge, Scopus, PsycINFO, Scielo, Redalyc, Google School and Cochrane, where a set of 3,457 papers was selected. From this initial set, we reviewed 108 papers. Our results showed the definitions of impulsivity, the population, the evaluation measures and the relationship with other variables. We concluded that, (a) impulsivity has multiple definitions, (b) the most used measure to assess the construct is the MFFT and (c) we found that impulsivity has been research on topics such as behavioral problems, cognitive measures, assault and family issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Magis: Revista Internacional de Investigación en Educación is the property of Pontificia Universidad Javeriana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper presents an embedded system that detects in real time the movement intention to control a prosthetic hand. This work shows that using temporal characteristics of simple calculation can provide subsets of feature vectors discernible enough as to use simple pattern classifiers. Thus, this paper proposes a classifier, which is based on the minimum distance from the centroid of the groups characterizing the movements to identify, by modifying the known algorithm K-nearest neighbors. Movement intention classification results obtained from the developed system are shown: using the percentage of success as an effectiveness measurement, by conducting tests over three persons with healthy muscles. The experimental results show that this system can be used effectively for the control of execution of four motor primitives on a prosthetic robotic hand. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this historiographic paper is to carry out a critical analysis about one particular moment of the scientific trajectory of María Martina Casullo (1940-2008). In the first place, the article reviews her studies about the risk factors in adolescents from an epidemiologic-preventive approach since 1985. Secondly, the work points out how these epidemiologic studies concerning depression, suicidal risk and psychological unease were the kickoff for the analysis of the salutogenic or protective processes that prevent people to fall ill even when facing adverse environmental situations. Finally, this study concludes that these researches are the main record of the field that subsequently Casullo defined as salutogenic or positive psychology in Argentine at the end of 20th century. Thus, this paper critically analyzes the naturalized and whig tradition in psychology that has neglected the ideological and political conditions of the emergence of positive psychology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Like other cognitive skills, the ability to reason causally changes during the course of development from early childhood to adulthood. There is, however, no agreement about how its development occurs. In this paper we propose a theoretical analysis to understand this process, namely, the idea that causal reasoning is a domain-general ability that is gradually enriched by the refinement of metacognitive skills, which allows reasoning independently from the immediate context. This proposal is based on the analysis of evidence of causal reasoning in young children, as well as evidence of integration of these skills during early adolescence with processes of argumentation and explanation. The paper also points out some methodological differences in studies with children and adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Universitas Scientiarum is the property of Pontificia Universidad Javeriana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper presents, from an introductory point of view and oriented to non-experts in network theory, the fundamentals of graphs and networks that allow projecting information about cultural networks in a formal context. It also describes some of the most common measures and tools to design quantitative mechanisms for the subsequent analysis of these networks. This article does not pretend to be a complete course or tutorial on network theory, for that the reader can refer to any of the references listed at the end, but rather it is an introduction oriented to go through, in a single document, some of the details that are considered more important and that are usually leTh out of the initial explanations on the subject. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores how social networks allow that migrants and their transnational families may control when and how communicate in order to keep in contact in real time with their homeland communities, as well as preserving their traditions and practices. This way, they keep a copresentiality (Baldassar, 2016). This work is conducted under a qualitative methodology including dyadic interviews to twenty subjects from different Colombian families who experienced that one of their family members went to Chile. The results show noticeably that WhatsApp is the most frequently used social network due to its assorted features for getting connected both synchronically and diachronically. The subjects reported an increase in the feeling of distancing and separation despite the digitally-enabled closeness. The evidence also shows some efforts by the migrants to maintain their roles as a mother, a brother or a son thanks to the use of social networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]