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This paper corresponds to a FONDECYT project, that examines the presence of Islamite movements in South America, in the period 1999-2006, considering four main historical moments. These emblematic moments correspond to terrorist attacks that were related with different islamist organizations. The targets of these attacks were the following: a) the Israel Embassy in Buenos Aires (March 17th , 1992); b) the building belonging to AMIA and DAIA, also in Buenos Aires July 18t, 1994); c) the World Trade Center in New York and the Pentagon in Washington DC (September 11th , 2001); d) the railroad network and the Atocha rail station in Madrid (March 11, 2004). At the same time, we formulate a periodization that considers two stages: the first is between the 1992' attack and September 2001; in this period the reports about the islamist presence in South America argue the participation of Shiite movements, particularly Hizbullah, supported by Iran. The second stage is between 2001 and the present times, and is characterized by some judicial developments about the AMIA-DAIA case. In this second stage, there are reports about the presence of other islamist movements, like Al-Qaeda and groups related with Jamaat Tablig. Furthermore, the triborder of Argentina, Brazil and Paraguay acquires an attribute of "transnational place". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the arrival of the early Sephardim during the Colony, the Jewish community has faced many challenges, being judeophobia the most persistent and dangerous. This judeophobia has come from many fronts, especially from the far right and its Nazi wing. During the eighties of the last century the major figures of the Chilean judeophobia of far right changed: coinciding with the fall of Franz Pfeiffer's WUNS brand, the figure of Miguel Serrano raised as the most important Chilean Nazi and judeophobic thinker in Spanish language. In this paper we will analyze the judeophobic books of this period, with emphasis on his main contributions to the judeophobic discourse of the far right in Spanish language, and we will finish with a reflection about the operation of his judeophobia from a semiotic point of view. We think that when we do it, we are contributing to the study and to break down the discourses of the present far right groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]