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Introduction: The paper "Moluscos de la Isla del Coco" (Mollusks of Cocos Island) published in the Revista del Colegio Superior de Señoritas (1935) is the translation to Spanish of one of the last works of Paul Biolley Matthey (1862-1908), Swiss naturalist that lived in Costa Rica. This article was one product of a malacological research carried out during a scientific expedition organized by the 'Instituto Físico- Geográfico Nacional de Costa Rica' (IFGN) in 1902 to Cocos Island, at a time when the country claimed its sovereignty both in this territory. Objective: To analyze the contributions of the article "Moluscos de la Isla del Coco" from the Social History of Science approach. Methods: Most of the researches that have applied this approach in Costa Rica analyze processes of institutionalization of scientific disciplines. The methodology used in these works was very useful for the analysis of the Biolley article, together with the information of historical data provided by other texts about Cocos Island and the development of scientific research in Costa Rica from a temporal perspective. In addition, tables were made to synthesize the classification of the species and genera studied by Biolley in Cocos Island to identify their provenance and the habitat in which they lived. Results: This study of Biolley constitutes a text of interest from the point of view of the Social History of Science, due to the descriptions it offers of the physical conditions of the territory of Cocos Island, of the different species of mollusks located in them and to the exchange of information with national and foreign scientists that show the participation of Biolley in scientific networks. Conclusions: The analysis of the information with the Social History of Science approach, concludes that the compilation of the flora and fauna permits a greater knowledge of the natural resources of the explored territories, in order to colonize them and integrate them into the economic dynamics of the Central Valley of Costa Rica. However, attempts colonize Cocos Island failed given the distance between this and the continent, in addition to the topographic conditions that prevent the permanent establishment of human populations and their productive activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Correct use of Spanish when writing biological papers. We present a list of the most frequent errors in biological manuscripts written in Spanish, and we explain which are the recommended options. Our article is based on the International Codes of Nomenclature, and the guidelines of the Real Academia de la Lengua and the Council of Science Editors. We group the indications in four categories: lexical errors (e.g. English cognates); spelling (graphic accents, punctuation, font), morphology (use of prepositions) and style (linguistic economy). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main goal in this paper is to analyze the narrator of the novels Papá (2003), La patria (2006), Wërra (2020), Darwin o el origen de la vejez (2022) e Historia íntima del amor masculino (2022), by the Argentinian writer Federico Jeanmaire, from a gender perspective focused on the study of new masculinities. These autobiographic novels are characterized by being narrated in first person by a narrator that functions as a transposition of the author himself, who recalls his life experiences. Particularly, the paper focuses on investigating the relation between the narrator and hegemonic masculinities and its institutions, as well as on attitudes he unfolds in his own emotions or in the romantic love. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper the results of a theoretical research on the category of social exclusion are presented, research performed from 2022 to early 2023. From a series of analysis related to the absence of a theoretical base for such category, the purpose was to identify, through document review, which theoretical background this category could be related with. The argument in this paper is that structural functionalism is an alternative for theoretical ground, because with Robert Merton was found that social exclusion is a problem addressed in his theory through the concept of anomie in his sociology of deviation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents an argument about the reasons for the exclusion of Spanish women and their literary production in relation with the rest of the Group of '27 literary canon. In order to evidence the marginalization of these authors and demonstrate their absence in the cultural Spanish landscape, the article begins with an explanation of the historical and sociopolitical context of Spain during the early decades of the 20th century. Afterward, this paper presents a conceptualization of literary canon as a starting point to approach the polemic associated with the --commonly referred to as-- Generation of '27 as well as the configuration of poetry as a characteristic genre in comparison to the other literary work, and the role that critics and history played in the conformation of the canon of the '27 movement. Finally, it is concluded that women were not part of the modernization attempts in Spain at the beginning of the 20th century for different reasons: relegation of them to the domestic sphere, the high representation of men in the Group of '27, the significant role of anthologies and magazines in shaping the canon, and the repression caused by the dictatorship of the Franco regime. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An exhaustive review of different archived documents at the University of Costa Rica was the starting point of this paper, in order to: highlight the work of the School of Philology, Linguistics and Literature, since its inception, in the field of writing, to point out the approaches used in the teaching of specific writing courses (Composition And Style, Basic Writing Course, Written Expression I and II) and to discuss the existence or absence of paradigm changes in the programs of said courses through the years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores some phonological processes of Dí'ztè, a Zapotec language spoken in the Southern Highlands and Coast regions of Oaxaca, Mexico, from an oral text. The main goal of this paper is to show that phonological analysis based on an oral text offers a greater richness of processes than the phonological analyses based on diagnostic lists or carrier phrases. The oral text Liz mbol Wel comes from the Loxicha tradition and tells us the story of an indigenous family from Piedra del Sol, a community in Santo Domingo de Morelos, who lived in a very small house. After the arrival of new family members, Don Manuel's wife makes the request to build a bigger house. Don Manuel agrees and asks for the support of the community to build his new house. In gratitude, he offers a meal with tortillas, mole and tepache. Based on this short oral text we analyze some phonological processes of the language. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines how Emily Dickinson was previously studied and compares it to the most recent critical approaches, particularly on the subject of emotion. Using religious poetry, poetry about nature, and humor, this paper examines the critical interpretations that previously highlighted the role that pain and suffering played in Dickinson's poetry as well as the gradual change on Dickinson's critical studies that took place since the seventies. With the growing diversity of critical perspectives, it may come as a surprise that it is still necessary to refer back to the darker image of the poet: why does this image persist? And is it possible to reconcile Dickinson's popular image with the new critical currents? This article reveals that Dickinson's image is permanently under construction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Since the beginning of its republican life, the development of biological sciences in Costa Rica has been strongly influenced by hundreds of foreign naturalists and scientists who have carried out exploration, research, and publication activities in relation to its biodiversity. Objective: To better understand their contributions, in this paper we take an historical tour, with emphasis on the last century and a half, regarding the motivations that attracted these people to Costa Rica, as well as their specific scientific contributions. Methods: Six criteria were followed to address this issue: a) whether they were residents or itinerants; b) if they had a frequent relationship with Costa Rica; c) if they collected specimens; d) the type of publication; and e) whether to implement teaching or institutional management. Results: Therefore, the information is organized into six large sections, structured chronologically as follows: the first inventories of the biodiversity of Costa Rica (1513-1842), the recognition of biological sciences in Costa Rican culture (1839-1848), the insertion of biological sciences in Costa Rican culture (1854-1886), the institutionalization of the biological sciences in Costa Rica (1886-1900), Costa Rica as a mecca for biological explorations (1900-1957), and the training of professionals in biological sciences (1940-2021). Conclusion: This periodization allows us to contextualize the contributions of those naturalists or scientists in time, as well as to better visualize the economic, social and political events and circumstances that conditioned their scientific work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper provides a discourse analysis of two poems selected from the book Sovereign Erotics: A Collection of Two-Spirit Literature (Driskill et al., 2011b) to explore the concept of grief in Two-Spirit/Queer Indigenous poetry. It analyzes the diction, voice, formality, themes, metaphors, similes, personification, and the use of repetition the authors utilize to represent grief and discover the social, cultural, and political realities and discursive practices behind the poems. It concludes that through their expression of grief, the poets highlight the emergence and endurance of a community and people who will continue to fight for survival and the right to live in peace and harmony outside of colonial gender and sexual binaries. Both poems engage with a continuing sense of Two-Spirit identity that call forth new generations of Queer Indigenous/Two-Spirit people while remembering their history and the Elders who came before to heal personal and historical trauma often through connection with nature, their ancestors, and spirituality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes and exemplifies, specifically, how the program of the Bribri Language subject could be redesigned from the theoretical-methodological framework of the curricular design of second languages. To achieve this, first, general principles of the curricular design of second languages are exposed; then, it is presented and discussed how these could be applied in an eventual process of curricular (re)design of the referred subject. The conclusion is that, by contemplating linguistic, sociocultural, and pedagogical elements, the curricular design of second languages offers a comprehensive conceptual framework that could yield positive results in the formal teaching of the Bribri language. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the play Carnes tolendas. Retrato escénico de una travesti, starring the award-winning Argentinean actress and writer Camila Sosa Villada and directed by María Palacios. From the perspective of Theatre Studies, we analyze the possibility of the play to produce scenes of equality in terms of Jacques Rancière (2010; 2012). For this purpose, we observe how the performance is part of the crisis of the character (Ryngaert, 2013) in virtue of the fact that the construction of the staging consists on multiple textualities that are identified and reconstructed. We delve into the description and analysis of the construction of voices (Jolly and Moreira da Silva, 2013) and corporealities (Fischer-Lichte, 2011) that stage different materials, including dramatic texts, songs, biographical accounts and openings for dialogue with the audience. On stage, Sosa Villada summons numerous bodies: the bodies of violent men from the family and police universe, the bodies of fragile women, the broken and worn bodies of García Lorca's women, her own trans body and even her own old body. The stage constructs and deconstructs representations of bodies and voices in the rhapsodic logic that stitches fragments together in contemporary theatre. The dramaturgy of the stage opens up the possibility for spectators to go through an experience that gives voice to an invisible history and to be dazzled by the poetic capacities of the performer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Centered in ecosocialist and ecofeminist perspectives, this paper examines the negative impact of extractivism as an economic activity that removes a huge number of natural resources and evaluates how global capital's ecological management, which I call "greening," has developed in Central and South America. Three questions are addressed: how the regional and local network on the governance of nature in Latin America has been organized; why extractivism strikes women hardest; and to what extent and how movements against extractivism have become involved in contesting global trends as well as national and local policies supporting them. The paper exposes the United Nations as a key force in the permanent model of colonialism, economic dependence, patriarchy, and geopolitical power characterizing extractivism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In issue 183 of the Journal of Social Sciences, different studies are presented on voices and career paths, identities, and resistances. One of the studies analyzes the working conditions of call center workers in Costa Rica and their perspective on their work. Another study investigates the waist weaving done by female artisans in Peru and their contribution to the preservation of cultures and identities. The implementation of the Supported Employment method in companies in Mérida, Mexico, for people with disabilities is also examined. In addition, bibliometric analyses of graduation papers in Anthropology are presented, as well as reflections on mobilizations in El Salvador, the perception of insecurity among university students in Ecuador, Bourdieu's social critique, and the concept of inequality in political discourse in Costa Rica. [Extracted from the article]

This paper analyses the transformations that took place in Villa Barranca Yaco (Córdoba, Argentina) in the 1970s: subjectivation practices that existed before the coup, mutations it generated and the strategic sense these transformations had for the subsequent development of neoliberalism. Genealogy, as methodological theoretical framework, allows the construction of intelligibility over the conditions of possibility of the present, making the struggles that support it visible. Interviews with people linked to the neighborhood and analysis of secondary sources were conducted. The paper gives an account of a time prior to neoliberalism with characteristics opposed to the social fragmentation of the present, a time of active community. Then, the reorganizing genocide generated a destitution of collectivizing subjectivation practices. Destitution that is configured as a condition of possibility of a neoliberal society organized around individualism and competition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the semantics and the syntax of articles and demonstratives are described and the correlations of the articles and demonstratives in Mazahua of San Pedro Potla. The relevance of this paper lies in the fact that little or almost nothing is known about the correlation of articles and demonstrations in the Oto-Pamean subgroup. This hypothesis is based on the idea that ancient Mazahua did not have articles. Currently, this language has two sets of articles: definite articles and recognitional articles. On the other hand, demonstratives are expressed in free and bound morphemes which correspond to two degrees of proximity. Typologically, the idea that articles originate from demonstrations is supported. In regards of the concurrences of the demonstrative-article and demonstrative-demonstrative, it is established that articles and one of the demonstratives encode a particular sense: definite recognitional articles encode identified referents, while demonstratives exhibit anaphoric references. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on Alan Pauls' literary beginnings, specifically on his first two novels: El pudor del pornógrafo (1984) and El coloquio (1990). Through the analysis of the European and extemporaneous system of correspondences (Kafka, Klossowski, Goethe, Bataille) that intervenes in the creative process of these texts, our argumentation aims to evidence, firstly, the immediate context with which this narrative decides, from its beginnings, to antagonize: those writings related to the idea of a literary work linked to politicization, memorialism, pedagogical function, folklorism. And, secondly, closely linked to the above: the set of choices (thematic, theoretical, filiatory, formal and evaluative) that Pauls takes to make a place for himself in his national tradition. An Argentine condition of writer, that is, universal, whose formal translation, such is our hypothesis, is the composition of an "aphantasmed" language: a language carved from within by other languages, capable of exiling the writer from his own time in order to invent his own contemporaneity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Within the framework of the Argentinian reception of the work of writer and naturalist William Henry Hudson, read from aesthetically and ideologically divergent sectors, this paper investigates the early recovery of his figure in the ornithological journal El hornero. As it will be seen, one of the ways of reinserting him as a "national" naturalist and universal writer is produced from the patrimonial discovery and restoration of his affective topography, particularly his mythical birthplace in Los veinticinco ombúes ranch. The management and visibility operations carried out by El hornero do not take place on the native space as a crystallized territory, but rather on the temporary transformations that it experiences: the house where he was born is, first of all, a ruin that could be identified thanks to Hudson's formidable "topographical memory" and the efforts of his main promoter, Fernando Pozzo; then, the house becomes a destination for scientific excursions and, finally, a house-museum project. Each of these forms by which Hudson's home and biography are declined at the same time condenses the journal's scientific, literary and patrimonial interests, and offers different forms of collaboration and dispute between national and foreign political and scientific figures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Few language researchers reveal the visions and conceptualizations that Bolívar had about America and Peru through his words in his manuscripts. The objective of this linguistic study is to analyze the stereotyped and racialized voices in Bolívar's letters towards his arrival in Peru. Methodologically, a corpus of the epistolary correspondences from 1814 to 1825 was selected considering the containment of words such as "citizen", "slave", "Indian", "white", since their use shows meanings and ideologies of his own and of the period. In the analysis, the evolution of the concepts is observed, as well as the social representations embodied in the discourse. The paper concludes that through the semantic examination of the vocabulary it is seen that Bolivar tried to describe realities that were changing according to his own experience, travels and processes of independence, especially towards Peru, which responded to ways of believing or conceiving the Other. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is about transference of cultural forms and contents in the novel La isla de los hombres solos (1963) by José León Sánchez and the namesake movie directed by René Cardona (1974). Precisely, it is about the filmic adaptation, transposition or transécriture: in other words, pouring narrative contents (a fabula) from words to audiovisual media. This reflection avoids the idea that a literary text is, by definition, superior to a movie. In contrast, it takes not only the novel as a starting point, but also it recognizes the "opportunities" (narratives, audiovisuals or in the story line), for a film. In other words, it analyzes possibilities (semantic, syntax, significant, and pragmatics orders); and they are contrasted by the final Cardona or the screenwriters' choices. This paper affirms the creative and procedure features of the transmedia displacement; for example, identifying film elements that go beyond the novel limits and dialogue with other José León Sánchez texts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we propose an ideal-typical distinction between conservatism and fundamentalism based on three criteria: 1) How do they relate to those who do not conform to their way of thinking; 2) How they relate to the public space, and 3) The type of political strategies they use. Based on this distinction, we analyze the possible relationship between new political and religious leaderships with populist discourses and the emergence of conservative groups in Latin America, in general, and in Mexico. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reviews the book Tras los rastros de un corpus seropositivo: VIH y sida en la poesída costarricense (1983-2017), by Ronald Campos López (2022). First, its importance for the studies on Costa Rican HIV-positive literature is exposed; in addition, the relevance of its theme -- "forgotten" in the literary academic field-- and of the theoretical contributions that support the analysis of Campos López are pointed out. Then, a synthesis of some chapters of the book is offered, where the approaches to the different poems selected by the author are commented. Finally, it is concluded that the book offers a lot of material for an academic, but also for a political reflection, since the study of HIV-positive literature also implies the analysis of the different kinds of knowledge that has built the "disease". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is an approach to some key concepts in Peter Handke's literary production. Throughout his work, Handke refers to and is supported by pictorial images and painting procedures in order to achieve a literary gaze. This article about the writer and his relation to plastic arts revolves around motifs such as landscape, time, transformation, things, the gaze and knowledge as well as some other concepts that provide information about his idea of art, namely topographic relations, absence, "dis-empowerment", the creator's ethical stance and others. Also, all of these topics are studied as a model to understand the development of plastic arts. As a methodology, this article is based on the readings of several of Handke's texts in parallel to the creation of some of our own plastic artwork. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In her book Casas del Vedado (1983), Cuban author María Elena Llana explores themes and compositional strategies of non-realistic literary traditions that have remained in force in Latin America to date. In this paper I analyze one of her stories, "Claudina", with the aim of obtaining an understanding of her specific poetics in the general framework of supernatural fiction in our continent, as well as the symbolic meaning of the supernatural used by the author in this short story. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research on Argentine dramaturgy has obtained in recent decades a profuse theoretical-methodological development. However, this discipline retains a challenge: to question the essentialist and binary cartographies that found certain centers and peripheries. Therefore, this paper adheres to poetic studies with a regional perspective, which refute artistic and territorial homogenizations and show silenced profiles of otherness. To achieve this goal, we address a geocritical analysis of the figuration of social deserts in the Argentine Northwest and its correlatives "orilleros", taking as a case study the play Chingoil cómpani by Jorge Accame. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the crisis of the Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social (ccss) according to the health unions. The study has been made considering the pronouncements of the Unión Nacional de Empleados de la Caja y la Seguridad Social (undeca) and the Sindicato de Profesionales de Ciencias Médicas de la Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social e Instituciones Afines (siprocimeca), in order to identify request and proposals of these union organizations, during the years 2012-2016. In this paper are identified the requests for dialogue to solve the crisis, as well as the specific actions for its attention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper carries out an analysis of the phonological system of the extinct language Mangue, also known as Chorotega, the southernmost member of the Otomanguean family. It is asserted, just like in Quirós (1988, 2002), that the language possessed three vowel phonemes: /i, u, a/. In comparison to the consonantal system presented by Quirós (2002), three prenasalized stops, /mb, nd, ljg/, are added to the phoneme inventory, and it is claimed that the language had only one liquid phoneme, represented as /r/, which gives a total of 12 consonant phonemes. On the other hand, the phonemic status of the glides is uncertain. Next, the study looks into the distinctive features of the consonants. Regarding the phonotactics, some complex syllable onsets and some syllables with coda are identified. Finally, it is stated that Mangue had contrastive tones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper provides a look at the social conflicts that have taken place in Costa Rica during the Covid-19 pandemic (January 2020 and December 2021). This study comes from the registered collective actions and the experiences of the "Community Observatory of Collective Actions." Based on this data, four axes of conflict were identified during this period: a) The demand for rights and defense of indigenous territories, b) Communities in defense of water and the environment, c) Draft laws that threaten common goods, d) Labor conflicts and pollution in the production of monocultives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyzes the news produced by two online media organizations, Nacion.com and CRHoy.com, during May of 2017. Through a content analysis of the news offered and of the most read daily news on these websites, this paper highlights the media agenda and its level of correspondence with consumers/citizens' interests. Results show a relative similarity between the supply and demand of news regarding non-public matters, in both media. Based upon these findings, this paper challenges the notion of "news gap" and suggests that the lack of interest in public affairs in Costa Rica is more structural than episodic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a chronology of the relationship between Tirso de Molina and Lope de Vega. The reasons and factors under which this relationship is still an interpretation based on circumstances is through the chronology of their works and the critical analysis of leading tirsistas. This paper is a review of that relationship through the works, dedications, laudatory of writers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Environmental compensation is the final alternative to face the impacts of development projects that cannot be avoided, reduced, or mitigated. The offset of affected habitats or environmental elements usually substitutes ecologically equivalent resources. The Habitat-Hectare Method was initially designed to assess the ecological equivalence of native vegetation, and employs indicator scores relative to a reference habitat. The sum of these scores measures the structural condition of the environment against the reference, quantifying the number of hectares needed to compensate for the loss of similar habitat. Although it is not exempt from limitations, the values can be estimated from field data collected without ambiguity, in a reproducible way, with less bias than more qualitative methods. In this paper, we use a modification of the Habitat-Hectare Method to determine the equivalent area needed to compensate for habitat loss in a protected wilderness in Costa Rica. Methods: We worked in the Lomas de Barbudal Biological Reserve, north Pacific of Costa Rica, a protected wilderness where nearly 113 hectares will be flooded for the Río Piedras Reservoir. In a property previously identified as a potential compensation site, we assessed indicators for landscape, soil, vegetation structure, and ecosystem services; the scores were assigned in relation to the environment found at the flood site. Results: The environmental condition score at the compensation site was 44.7% (±15.9%) of the impact site. Consequently, considering the uncertainty in our measurements, compensating for the loss of each hectare would require between 2.23 and 3.49 hectares of a similar environment. Conclusion: Between 2.23 and 3.49 hectares of are needed to compensate for the loss of habitat in the Río Piedras Reservoir. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Environmental compensation is a technical-legal instrument of environmental management used to offset damage due to non-reversible and unavoidable impacts. Usually, offset regulations are included in national environmental legislations. This paper summarizes environmental compensation legislation in Costa Rica, a country with a recognized conservation tradition and environmental awareness. Our goal is to describe how compensation is formulated in that country and identify possible regulations gaps. Methods: We carried out a systematic review of environmental legislation through the Costa Rican Legal Information System (http://www.pgrweb.go.cr/scij/avanzada_pgr.aspx), considering both regulations and pronouncements on compensation measures and mitigation. Results: The Political Constitution of Costa Rica recognizes a healthy environment as a fundamental right for all citizens. At least seven laws dealing with environmental issues and their respective regulations are currently enforced. This bulky legislation aims to protect natural resources by regulating their use and creating an assemblage of protected wild areas. However, the legislation is somewhat repetitive and open to interpretation, facilitating confusion. Actions requiring compensation are regulated in a general way, making it difficult to establish when and how to apply them. In addition, compensation is considered based on when the damage is identified and not on its level of environmental impact. Furthermore, the regulations do not make explicit the principles and goals that support the compensatory measures or how they should be carried out, briefly mentioning some actions that do not ensure that the net environmental loss is zero. Conclusions: This review reveals the need to standardize the mechanisms to determine compensatory measures at the regulatory level, also analyzing the strategies that will be followed to ensure proportionality and ecological equivalence. The legislation must emphasize the importance of compensation as a positive practice, which must be incorporated within the guidelines of the Environmental Impact Study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

En este artículo se analiza el tratamiento que los diarios españoles La Razón, El Mundo, El País y ABC realizan del cannabis durante el año 2019. Mediante una metodología de análisis de contenido se identifican las fuentes utilizadas, la autoría de los textos, las áreas temáticas dominantes y se compara el tratamiento dado por los diarios mencionados. Los resultados muestran un predominio de los géneros informativos con textos firmados por los redactores o colaboradores habituales, quienes utilizan fuentes oficiales obviando el punto de vista de otros ámbitos. Destacan como temas principales los relacionados con acciones tipificadas como delito (detenciones, desmantelamientos, incautaciones y seguridad vial) y se observa la falta de información institucional sobre campañas de prevención de adicciones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, it is exploring the discourses on sexuality that, in the context of the covid-19 pandemic, are reproduce and circulate on Instagram accounts of six Argentine sexologists who do sex education and publicize their professional work through these social media. From digital ethnographic explorations we analyze how these professionals construct a way of narrating the knowledge of sexology on the internet; deploy pedagogical activities that position them as new references in the field of national sexology and configure a network of "instagramers" dedicated to sex education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to propose and validate a model for the representation of lgbti+ characters in audiovisual content, which will serve as a tool for content generators to create characters that are in keeping with the reality of this population group and that are appropriate in their representation. In addition to the model, a validation of the model is sought, considering its implementation in a sample of original content from the Netflix streaming platform. In conclusion, it is identified that despite the increasing presence of lgbti+ characters in the media, the representation continues to be biased and stereotyped. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The 2018 general elections in Costa Rica showed a discursive confrontation that seemed unlikely. During the second round of the elections, where the presidency was disputed, the "Acción Ciudadana" Party (pac) led by Carlos Alvarado and the "Restauración Nacional" (rn) party led by Fabricio Alvarado showed a dialectical discursivity. On the one hand, the social democratic tradition is expected. However, on the other hand, and worryingly, there is a restoration of conservative and religious fundamentalism. From this discursive duality, these messages are comparatively analyzed starting from contrasting assumed and assigned symbols from the discursive strategies of the two political parties in electoral conflict. The central interest of this paper is to show the thrust of the religious allegorical discourse that permeated the presidential campaign. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper puts in relation Gordon Matta-Clark's work with the concept of différance proposed by Jacques Derrida, identifying the Matta-Clarks "cuts" as differential marks that, in an exemplary way, allow to problematize the relationship between art and politics in the contemporary framework. In line with the proposed objects, the method of analysis consists of a critical writing that hybridizes poststructural tendencies with contemporary art theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article sets out to explore the relation between Charles Perrault's and the Grimm brothers' Cinderella and the operas' La Cenerentola (1817), by Gioachino Rossini (1792-1868), and Cendrillon (1894/5), by Jules Massenet. Given the temporal and geographic distance between the texts and their difference in terms of genre -fairytale and opera, this paper adopts a comparative methodology of the study. This methodological approach allows to analyze the literary meanings constructed by each piece and the bonds between them, without ignoring contextual and stylistic aspects. Studying these relations makes it possible to pose the following hypothesis: whereas Cendrillon emerges as a musical expression of the conservative bourgeoisie, La Cenerentola reveals its enlightened dimension through artistic devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 1947, while commemorating Miguel de Cervantes' birth, the Costa-Rican Academy of Language, the Costa-Rican Academy of Geography and History, and the University of Costa Rica invited to pay homage to Miguel de Cervantes, and published, in 1948, the proceedings and transactions of the aforementioned commemoration. In this way, they participated in the Hispanic world celebration of Miguel de Cervantes' anniversary. According to my inquiry, previously there were not, in the Costa-Rican academic medium, learned publications concerning Miguel de Cervantes. This paper will analyze the philosophical features evinced by the 1948 transactions, and the critical variables to ponder under the influence of the Generation of 1898 interpretation of Don Quixote. This paper emphasizes the importance of inserting Don Quixote in the positivistic dynamic of "life and work". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Introduction: Coffee is a highly mycotrophic plant, its interaction with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi has been studied among different tropical countries. The majority of the published works indicates that coffee is benefited from the mycorrhizal association, where the AMF confers protection against pathogens and diseases, increases water absorption, as well as it increases the adaptation of the plant at transplant from nurseries to the main plantation. Objective: A review was made where we summarized and analyze the research reports of AMF with coffee from at least the past 10 years, focused on AMF global species distribution, nutritional benefits of the association and interaction with pathogens. Methods: We retrieved available bibliographic data from coffee producer countries in public databases. We considered published works from 2000 to 2019, nevertheless, we included classic papers on the topic, outside that period, mainly the ones performed in Brazil since 1986. We organized the number of reported species per country, we look for synonyms, grouped them by family, genera and species. The reports that only reported genera or where ambiguous were used as reference but not considered for the final analysis. We summarized the reports of the benefits of the AMF interaction in coffee, as well as pathogen tolerance. Results: The collected data shows that there are more than 100 AMF species associated with coffee, which represents more than a third part of the total of reported species worldwide. We found that Colombia has the highest richness, but it also has the highest number of published reports. Conclusions: This information shows the benefits of the incorporation of AMF to coffee plantation programs, because these fungi are a key element in coffee plant nutrition, nevertheless, the coffee variety should be considered when introducing AMF, as not all associations has been efficient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The activity analysis of a scientific journal is relevant to know the evolution of its characteristics over time. In this paper, results of a bibliometric study of the Revista de Biología Tropical/International Journal of Tropical Biology and Conservation (Costa Rica) are presented. The goal of this study was to describe the main characteristics of its scientific production, and analyze its level of collaboration and its impact between the years 2003-2012. Data was derived from the Web of Science (Thomson-Reuters), and the relationship among authors and coauthors, institutions and countries, and their links with the citations received were analyzed for that period. Descriptive statistics about production (number of documents per year, institution and country), collaboration (authorship index, collaboration among institutions and countries) and impact (IF, position in JCR and number of citations received) were collected. Results showed that the journal has published 1 473 papers in this period, in similar proportions English and Spanish. Mexico, Costa Rica, Venezuela and Colombia are the most common countries of origin, with the Universidad of Costa Rica, Universidad Autónoma de Mexico and the University of Puerto Rico as the most common leader institutions. Collaboration between authors, institutions and countries has shown an increasing trend over the last decade. The co-author index was 3.07 per document, 63 % of publications included 2 or more institutions, and 22 % of the papers were product of international collaboration. The most common collaboration link was between Costa Rica and the United States of America. The impact factor has been oscillating during this last decade, reaching a maximum in 2012 (IF JCR = 0.553). Besides, 10 % of the most cited papers concentrated half of the citations received by the journal, and have a very high number of citations, compared with the journal mean. The main countries that cite the journal were USA, Brazil, Mexico, Argentina and Costa Rica. Data showed an increasing collaboration between authors, institutions and countries, and a direct relationship between the increase of this collaboration and the received impact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with the wide range of strategies employed in Bribri to express the number of nominal referents. These strategies include both the use of quantifiers and the different ways to codify the grammatical category of number, which distinguishes between singular and plural. The paper also analyzes the factors that allow the speaker to leave out the plural marking in certain words with a plural referent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Historia is the property of Universidad de Costa Rica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)