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This paper aims at explaining the grammaticalization of igual (and lo mismo) as a reformulative and concessive marker based on a corpus of diachronic texts. The objectives are threefold: to find out the possible relation between the evolution of igual and that of lo mismo in this case, to investigate in what previous contexts the new functions were acquired and in which area they were originated. The corpus study reveals that the evolutions of both forms are related, but the change of formal preference (lo mismo > igual) caused that the grammaticalization of lo mismo as a connective failed and that of igual was successful. The exploration of the previous contexts reflects the link between the reformulative and concessive values. Finally, the process took place in Rio de la Plata area and from there it spread to the inside of Argentina and Chilean Spanish, where it became a popular form. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the existence of an Italian interest in Latin American culture under fascist dictatorship. Having given rise to an increasing dissemination of Hispanic culture in Italy, cultural relations between Italy, Spain, and Latin America in the 20s and 30s will be examined. During that period, there was a very strong ideological affinity between Italy and Spain, which explains why the Italian government promoted Spanish-language literature more than others did. Even so, studies show that the spread of Hispanic editorial production in Italy was probably due to accidental meetings between publishers and not to a clear governmental policy. As for Hispano-American literature, the name Mario Puccini stands out as one who helped make modernist writers (such as Rufino Blanco Fombona and Amado Nervo) known in Italy. Accordingly, the essay's main objective is to focus on his professional activity in order to better understand which was the starting point for members of Cristoforo Colombo Institute (1923-1935), the only Italian government body responsible for the promotion of Hispanic culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this text is to contextualise and present a small monographic on recent studies that address the migratory relations between Spain and Latin America in a double sense: Latin Americans who emigrate to Spain and, conversely, Spaniards who emigrate to Latin America. The historical context is the past decade, with the background of the economic crisis that began in 2008. A brief review has been made of the data shown by the Statistics on Migrations of the National Statistics Institute with regard to the evolution of migratory flows during the period 2008-2019, which serves as a basis for the presentation of each of the selected articles. That papers address the evolution of the migratory flows between Latin America and Spain, research about the processes of rooting and the emigration of Spaniards to Latin America. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents a visibility and scientific impact analysis based on papers published by Revista de Comunicación since 2002 to 2019. Bibliometric methods used included approach at authorlevel (Lotka, collaboration index), article-level (co-occurrence) and journal-level (h-index, citations). Also, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar were used as citation data sources, Publish or Perish and VOSviewer as analysis tools. Results shows an optimal performance from Revista de Comunicación that evidences its best positioning between indexed serial publications from Latin America and Spain wich integrate a select group of scholarly journals in communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with one of the axes on which the pharmaceutical provision in our health system is articulated: the medical prescription. Here you will find some of the most relevant notes that characterize the legal regime of the medical prescription in Spain and Latin America: concept, types, recognition by other States, identification of medications by the international common name, conscientious objection of the pharmacist, electronic medical prescription or pharmaceutical care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A review of learning and teaching styles matching at university over the last ten years is presented. For this purpose, a review was carried out of the Dialnet, Redalyc, Scielo and Doaj data bases due to their scope and importance in the Hispanic context. The descriptors used in the search for information were the key words: learning styles, teaching styles and higher education. The data bases consulted produced a total of 53 papers, with only 17 of these complying with all the criteria for inclusion (paper: empirical research; sample: university; object: correspondence learning and teaching styles; time period 2002-2012; Spanish language). The literature review showed that the matching is researched and understanding from two approaches: (1) adaptive instruction or (2) stylistics. Results are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the results of the review of publications on urban communication and communication and city in Latin America and Spain. The aim was to identify the theoretical approaches and potential research guidelines for study this field. The results include the relationship between communication-city-urban from transversal categories of study such as language, discourse, social interactions and media, through processes of representation, spatial mediation, symbolic appropriation, marketing, urban transformation, citizen participation, and expression of senses. In conclusion, from perspectives as the sociological, political, cultural, economic, human and technological, since the 90's have been able to consolidate a large variety of research that ratify urban communication as an field of multidisciplinary study which contributes widely in discussions on the problems brought about by the growth of cities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we study the origin of modern scientific childcare as a practice of subjectivation. From this point of view, we analyse the parenting or childrearing technologies which are proposed in a sample of 23 Spanish and Latin American early childcare handbooks published between 1898 and 1939. These technologies of subjectivation should be understood as an important element of a process for the construction of subject as a responsible, adapted and self-governing citizen. These technologies should also be understood in the context defined by the biopolitics and the development of eugenics, which helped many authors –most of them doctors– to defend the need to ensure the physical and moral health of nation through a scientific rearing of little children, that is to say, the future citizens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on the treatment received by Latin American countries in textbooks of geography and history during the 20th century in Spain. To do so different political situations and successive educational levels are considered. Primarily, two contexts are distinguished to assess discharges on economic and social issues: the colonial era and the contemporary period of the authors. A number of postures that were developed in the content of the textbooks is discussed, and they are mainly related to disseminated ideas about Hispanity and interest in current economic and social problems. For a better understanding of the different positions over time, some approaches are briefly discussed in particular school books and university textbooks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The economic crisis and its impact on the Spanish policy of international cooperation are analysed in three different parts of this document. Initially, the paper addresses the cuts from a Latin American perspective, and through international regulatory framework of the effectiveness and governance of development aid. The second stage analyzes such cuts and its impact in three fields: Latin America, Spanish cooperation policy and the global agenda. Finally, some conclusions arise which point out challenges and opportunities within reduced public expense, and identifies some areas to be considered from a Latin American point of view. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper seeks to establish the nature, as the characteristics of Latin American society during the colony, especially the new Spain, and the reasons why the wars of independence in the region, and the circumstances which determine, as they create disruptions, since the beginning of their economies in seeking to implement a project of nation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Estimated assessment methods are an alternative for direct estimation. Simplified tax rules aim to quantify the taxable event using different criteria than the ones that govern direct taxation; and, at the same time, make businessmen and professional's accounting much easier. In this sense, the facilities given by simplification of the tax system for small and medium-sized enterprises make it highly recomended. This paper tries to offer a comparative research of Latin American (especially Argentinian and Brazilian) and Spanish estimated assessment, confirming the efficacy of these systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main purpose of this paper is to analyze the representations of celebrities in teenage girls' magazines. Our work is based on two main researches enclosed in Spanish and Latin American publications relating to features famous people are defined by. Results obtained point out that this kind of magazines builds globalized gender identity that breaks cultural and political barriers and enhances the hegemony of occidental masculinity and feminity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Body dissatisfaction in Latin and Spanish adolescents. The present paper has two aims: firstly to analyse and compare body dissatisfaction of Spanish and Latin adolescents, and secondly to determine the impact of sociocultural factors and Body Mass Index (BMI) on dissatisfaction. The sample is made up of 403 adolescents, 191 Spaniards and 212 Latin-Americans, all of them students in Basque Country high schools. They were assessed by the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ), the CIMEC-26 (a questionnaire designed to assess the influence of the aesthetic body model), and the BMI. The results show that the Latin adolescents have a higher level of body dissatisfaction than the Spanish. This is due to the greater influence in the Latin adolescents of sociocultural factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]