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The following paper is based on the translative research of the original version, written in English, of the novels The Handmaid’s Tale (Margaret Atwood) and Never Let Me go (Kazuo Ishiguro), in addition to the short-story Story of Your Life (Ted Chiang), and of the available target texts published in Spain (El cuento de la criada, trans. by Elsa Mateo Blanco; Nunca me abandones, trans. by Jesús Zulaika, and La historia de tu vida, trans. by Luis G. Prado), for which we will examine the fictional lexico-semantic content composed by the authors to build their universes and its reflection in the Spanish language (peninsular variety), with the aim of developing translation strategies for the neologisms of a fictional universe based mainly on lexicality, as it is the one of Ribofunk, by Paul di Filippo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper provides an insight on the centrality of two main paradigms of the current linguistic theory in the field of Spanish as a second/foreign language acquisition, and its operative role in teaching. Generative Grammar (GG) as well as Cognitive Grammar (CG) are mentalist models, however, its postulates on the connection between human cognition and non-native linguistic knowledge are, in many cases, opposite; therefore, these models imply different conceptions of a pedagogical grammar. Throughout the paper, it is taken into consideration the way in which they are antagonistic, but also how they can be complementary. Even though GC has been more popular in classroom teaching, current GG may have a relevant impact on the curriculum, as well as on the instruction, by presenting a greater predictive capacity to identify the learner’s difficulties in processing certain linguistic structures. Finally, other key notions on linguistic knowledge, processability, and input, regarding didactic intervention, are also provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper I present an account of the many professional opportunities that today’s society offers to philologists and linguists. Based on real stories –including mine– of people dedicated to linguistics and philology (some of them authentic influencers), I show how language has become a fundamental tool for digital media and technologies, and how its good use and analysis have become essential in many areas of both the business world and research, but also as part of the image of society in general. Among the many professional channels available to philologists of these times, it is possible to highlight the following: proofreader, linguistic advisor, content creator, community manager, forensic linguist or philologist 2.0 (that is, the one dedicated to all issues related to new technologies), not forgetting that of the teacher, a crucial position to train the people of the future. In all cases, the revolutionary possibilities offered by the new media allow professions to be exercised in a completely renewed and modernized manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a result of the neurocognitive approach to the lexicon that disciplines such as Psycholinguistics and Neurolinguistics carry out and, consequently, the addition of the mental and brain mechanisms that underlie the encoding and decoding of meanings in the field of Semantics, a series of terms or terminological units arises. They can be grouped into three main axes: the lexical mental and brain representations, the computational and associative processes involved in lexical-semantic comprehension and production, and the acquisition and loss of meanings. The main aims of our paper are 1) to assess the inclusion of these Psycholinguistics contents in Lexical Semantics, 2) to analyze their degree of consolidation and vitality in a set of dictionaries of Linguistics, and 3) to identify possible deficiencies in their terminological treatment and draw up a proposal for their conceptual integration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the disciplines that has been studied in recent years under the umbrella of lexical semantics is terminology. This paper investigates the terminology of a specialised language, that of the leather industry, in order to analyse the observable conceptual relationships. The paper first reviews different approaches to the terminological typologization of the conceptual relationships with regard to examples from our corpus. The second part consists of a case study on the term petaquero. Finally, I suggest a typology of the conceptual relations according to the classification suggested by Casas Gómez, adding some relations identified on the basis of the Communicative Theory of Terminology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyses the continuity of verbs formed with the preverbs (preverbal morphemes) ante-, pre-, pos(t)- and sub-during the way from Latin to present-day Romance, in particular for Spanish. Without changing the grammatical meaning of the lexical stem, preverbs operate a semantic modification, as Coseriu coined it. The common analysis as the derivational counterpart of suffixation is misleading since preverbs are essentially an instance of composition including an adverb and a verb. Consequently, preverbs are not simple affixes but basic components in semantic terms. This paper shows how the semantic values of the preverbs transcend the verbs which currently contain them in their morpheme structure, independently of being inherited or learned words, or even verbs newly created in Romance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyzes and systematizes the reflections on language that the Peruvian writer Gamaliel Churata proposes in his work Khirkhilas de la sirena. According to the linguistic project already advanced in his El Pez de Oro, Churata claims the literary and poetic use of an Andean Spanish strongly quechuized and aymarized. This paper will show how Churata's poetics of the language is concretized in the poems, analyzing certain choices and lexical-semantic aspects that characterize the work and that account for the relevant contact between Quechua, Aymara and Spanish. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main aim of the paper is to offer a lexicological and semantic study of the Mexican prison slang at the end of the 19th century that appears in the text of the novel of manners La Chaquira (Belen por dentro), by Francisco Garcia Gonzalez, published in instalments in a Mexican newspaper El Reldmpago during 1894 and 1895. Attention will be paid to its structure (patrimonial vocabulary, Nahuatlisms, Anglicisms, etc.) and to principal word formation processes and patterns of semantic change that can be found there. Another aim of study will comprehend its comparison with other Hispanic prison slangs, mainly the Spanish one, from the historical point of view. This historically focused comparison and analysis will show directions of evolution that would allow us to interpret this jargon as properly Mexican, or "national". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are constructions with the verb arrive 'llegar' that can be unified under a single analysis. The pair (lit. arrive to be + NP, 'become + NP') and (arrive to + NP 'become + NP') is considered a verbal periphrasis; but also the pair composed of the verb of displacement llegar 'arrive' and can be analyzed as a lexical verb. In this paper, however, we describe cases with the verb llegar «arrive/get to» as Luis llegó a ser médico (Luis got to be a doctor 'Luis became a doctor'), Luis llegó a médico (Luis got to doctor 'Luis became a doctor'), or Luis llegó a Madrid «Luis arrived to Madrid», semantically distinguishing three types of constructions: a verbal periphrasis with llegar as an auxiliary verb (functional category), a predicative form also with the verb llegar (a category between lexical and functional) and the same word as an explicit locative displacement verb (lexical category). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we attempt to draw an overview on the evolution of the lexicon of bastionated Fortification from its origins, in the 16th century, until its apogee, during the 18th. To do this, we start from an intermediate point, the second half of the 17th, when the Epítome de la fortificación moderna (1669), written by Zepeda, was published. In that way, we select the specialized vocabulary which is defined in chapter II of the second part of its "Preludios geométricos" with the purpose of comparing and analysing this vocabulary with the lexicon contained in the first treatises of the Fortification in Spanish language, from the final years of the 16th, until the Tratado de fortificación (1772) of Lucuze. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the interaction between viewpoint aspect and the semantics of adjectives in combinations of the Spanish copula estar with various classes of individual-level adjectives. The basic data are subtle contrasts in the use of perfective and imperfective past tenses, like the one in Estuvo inteligente vs #Estaba inteligente. The analysis we put forward assumes that a mismatch arises between the copula and the adjective that must be solved in interpreting the construction; we claim that the effects of viewpoint aspect are due to its role in the inferential process of mismatch resolution. The peculiar properties of evaluative adjectives make perfective aspect favour such processes, whereas with other lexical classes of individual-level adjectives, the preferred option is imperfective aspect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores from a cognitive linguistic perspective the continuity between lexical and semigrammaticalized uses of the lexeme caudal in the noun phrase of the type [Det. caudalN1 de N2] in written peninsular Spanish. This structure yields various constructional schemas, going from [[Det. + N1] ([de + N2])] with N1 as nucleus, and more or less lexicalized [Det. N1 de N2] collocations, to [[Det. N1 de] N2] with N2 as nucleus. The meaning of the nominal caudal, linked to the fluvial scenery, presents various quantitative, spatial, tempo-aspectual and qualitative components that predispose it to metaphorical projection from the hydric domain to other domains. In the binominal quantifying construction [[un caudal de] N2] caudal keeps some nominal distributional properties, and certain facets of its lexical meaning persist as well. While the degree of schematization or semantic bleaching varies in function of N2 and of the wider context, caudal does not only quantify N2, it at the same time endows it with an aspectual-appreciatory dimension essentially conceived of in terms of fluidity, continuity and accumulation, i.e., situating N2 in an evolutionary perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research on semantic processing in psycholinguistics and neurolinguistics over the last decades makes necessary a partial revision of the structural linguistic methodological paradigm. The revision aims at achieving a more flexible formulation of the lexical meaning structure. On the grounds of a conception of meaning as a functional network with a neuropsychological base emerging from the close link between semantic and cognitive parts of the lexicon, this paper intends 1) to address in more detail these related parts, and 2) to discuss evidence derived from an analysis of the processing at this level, along with the major facts we know about the internal organization of our brain. All this leads to the description of a new neurocognitive dimension of lexical content within the framework of lexical semantics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is included in the framework of the research project Estudio del léxico en el habla del santarroseño (Primera etapa). After choosing the countryside as the first vocabulary domain and on the basis of the matrix survey, we have selected the most significant questions related to our search: which is the basic lexicon that freshmen at the Profesorado y Licenciatura en Letras at the UNLPam have in relation to the countryside. The corpus consists of 30 surveys carried out in 2009 amongst these students. On this first study, we will describe the words provided by the survey participants and we will analyze their recurrence. These objectives aim at identifying which words are more significant to our youngsters in relation to the countryside, and transversely, they will allow us to get closer to the levels of domain and knowledge that students have of an area that is supposedly constitutive of the pampean identity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study of the -ndo morpheme has raised many interesting questions and debate in the history of the Spanish language. Some researchers have argued, for instance, that the high frequency in use of the -ndo morpheme is a consequence of the linguistic contact between Spanish and other languages (e.g, English and French). However, the non-standard uses of the -ndo are found in scenarios where Spanish is not in contact with other languages. This finding has motivated other analysis and proposals for the Spanish gerundio -e.g., the semantics of the -ndo form. In this paper I analyze the distribution of the gerund periphrasis with 'estar' and 'ir' in the 13th. and 15th. century. Specifically, I study the semantic constraint that the grammatical and lexical aspects impose on the distribution of the -ndo form. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]