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The research and development of new products that could partially or completely replace raw materials used for energy production, high value-added chemical products, and even the production of paper, has allowed industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) to become the main raw material for the reactivation of a bio-based economy with high production conditions and capacities. Based on this, the objective of this research is to deepen on the potential use of hemp fiber in the paper industry, supported by studies carried out by the Colombian State regarding the availability of forest crops for commercial purposes, which are basically used for planting and the production of wood resources such as pine and eucalyptus. It has been considered important to demonstrate that hemp, as a source of primary production, provides competitive economic, environmental, and social advantages over traditional crops, even for new sources of bio-based research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objective of this work is to highlight the relationship and importance that Document Management provides the environment as an element included in the use of good practices that contribute to paper savings and therefore sustainable development while taking into account the evidence as a reflection of the operations that any company develops. Also get to become aware of the benefits of being friendly to the environment through the reduction of paper consumption. The analysis - synthesis and cause-effect were used as a methodology. The main results achieved are reflected in the actions that have been developed in the Faculty of Economics through the execution of diploma works deployed in the Department of Business Studies served by the subject of Information Management of its IT discipline and work of the Master's Degree in Information Management in the Organizations of the UNESCO Chair in Information Management for Organizations. The software used in the development of the same was the ALFRESCO Documentary Management System for being free. Good practices of several organizations are analyzed, as well as the problems that paper spending brings to the environment. The result of these works has allowed the definition of the processes of the application of the Documentary Management for the control of the documentation of the mastery as well as of the Graduate School and other organisms of the state establishing a work culture that will allow as a conclusion, its application to other processes in the Faculty of Economics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. The excessive consumption of the disposable paper cup causes adverse effects to the environment, requiring passing from the linear model to the circular one. Objective. In this sense, the research focused on international experiences of exploitation in tendency to circular economy regarding disposable cups. Materials and methods. From the bibliographic review, a comparative analysis related to three lines of the circular model was developed. Results Five alternatives for use and three more applied recycling technologies were identified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In the midst of a growing interest for engaging communities in funding museums ruled by the National Administration of Spain, a comparative study between their governance and financing, and the ones from the private US model, together with the Smithsonian Institution´s public museum system, provides insights to face the future of public museums´ economic sustainability. With the goal of inspiring new approaches to national museums´ management in Spain, this paper is pioneer in analyzing the funding of these cultural institutions under the perspective of the restricted or unrestricted nature of the different assets and its weight within the revenue mix. Method: This research is based on the study of both, primary sources (museums´ annual reports, its financial statements, bylaws and other rules applicable to the Spanish museum´s public policy), and secondary sources from the extensive literature about museum financial management in the US, and the few approaches to this topic in Spain. Results: The comparative analysis states, on one hand, the similarities between seemingly opposite Spanish and American museums´ schemes, and on the other hand, the deep differences within national museums, in terms of financial opportunities (those managed by the Deputy Directorate General for National Museums, and the ones with specific bylaws). This last group of museums has developed a greater revenue mix through auxiliary activities, in a partially similar way regarding American museums operations. Conclusions: This paper concludes with a proposal to address the issue of increasing private funding for Spanish national museums. It involves patronage´s composition, its funding role, the nature of critical income sources, or the use of marketing and fundraising techniques, among other aspects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to analyse the commitment of the Pan-American Institute of Geography and History (PAIGH) to geographic education and specifically to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Through the Geography Commission and the Geographic Education Committee, this organisation is developing various initiatives for the implementation of the SDGs in the Pan-American context. Methodologically, a documentary analysis of the writings of the PAIGH and specifically of the geographic education network was carried out. Among the main results, it can be seen that the documents and works analysed are aimed at developing the SDGs through geographic thinking, the use of new technologies and climate change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Colombian industrial sector is widely recognized as a good example of a diversified economy. At present, Colombian government is seeking to deepen this outstanding feature by favouring activities in new sectors intensive in knowledge and capital. Biotechnology offers an opportunity to integrate its great biological diversity into research and development (R&D) activities. A public policy paper published last year depicts a set of activities considered essential to achieve the consolidation of biotechnological sector in Colombia. On the other hand, past and current activities deployed in the context of so called Bio Trade initiatives have demonstrated to offer little space to R&D activities by public sector research institutions. This paper aims to illustrate the importance of up-stream research undertaken by public sector research institutions as well as the relevance of Intellectual property management as enabling tools for the consolidation of biotechnological sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper identifies the links between transnational municipal networks and international agreements in the environmental arena. It is taken for granted that transnational municipal networks support global environmental action and the process of sustainable development, in particular giving access to resources, with technical support and knowledge, but to what extent international agreements such as the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, the Paris Agreement, or the Convention on Biological Diversity guide the action of these networks? The research resorts to content analysis to examine the goals, mission, and published documents of two networks in particular, ICLEI and Mercosur, in the search for clear connections with the intergovernmental level. The paper contributes to the understanding of the role of transnational municipal networks in environmental governance, identifying through abductive reasoning the diffusion of norm from the international to the local level and underlining the importance of the role of international, national and local actors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The recent Spanish law on education (LOMLOE) gives great importance to Education for Sustainable Development (ESD), following the model of the European curricula. Given this context, it is essential to assess pro-environmental attitudes among students. This paper offers a transverse quantitative study analysing the environmental attitudes of 1076 students from the Community of Valencia (Spain) at all levels of compulsory secondary education, using a ROSE (Relevance of Science Education) questionnaire. The results show a low-to-moderate pro-active attitude, in conjunction with a barely optimistic view of the future and limited confidence in science and technology to solve problems. Statistical differences were found between genders, with girls being more eco-minded, but there were no significant differences between age groups in compulsory secondary education. This fact highlights the static nature of ESD within secondary school. Therefore, a greater involvement of the educational community is needed for the development of real strategies aimed at promoting desirable environmental attitudes in the classroom. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to study the level of social eco-literacy around sustainable development among teachers at secondary school level (ESO), and to understand how they incorporate this into their educational practice, in order to better understand the theoretical-practical state of sustainability in education in Spain. A questionnaire was created to study the level of ecosocial literacy among teachers at secondary school level (O = .89). The sample is made up of secondary school teachers (N = 826), using non-probabilistic snowball sampling, during the 2020-2021 academic year. A descriptive and inferential analysis was performed using Pearson's Chi-square (p < .05), via JAMOVI 2.2.5 and SPSS. The results showed that teachers with a higher degree of knowledge have a tendency to apply active participatory and technology-based methodologies that improve social transformation, encouraging the analysis and critical thinking necessary for students to acquire skills in sustainability. It was also shown that it is necessary to incorporate a sustainability perspective into ongoing training, given the complex, holistic and dynamic current situation, in order to provide responses to the planet's problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the increasing academic interest in Payment for Environmental Services (PES) globally and the scattered state of PES in Paraguay, this paper presents a review of Paraguay to provide an overview of the current state of the subject at the national level and develop new theoretical and methodological approaches. The main objectives of this article are to compile the history of management and systematization of technical, academic, and scientific information on PES in Paraguay and contribute to defining economic valuation methods to enhance PES at the local and regional levels. This will serve as a strategy for designing environmental management models that guarantee the provision of long-term environmental services (16 years of analysis).The study design was qualitative, documentary, bibliographic and descriptive, based on the preparation and analysis of a database with 41 technical documents that facilitated the systematization and mapping of the information. Results show that 46% of the documents analyzed correspond to peer-reviewed literature, with five identified management periods. The most worked aspect was the economic valuation of environmental goods and services, especially those derived from the forest, where market-based valuation techniques based have been applied to a greater extent. As for the valuation of environmental damage, no publications or works were found during the studied period. Economic valuation studies were important for the current PES regulation process in Paraguay. that the Payment for Environmental Services (PES) mechanism in Paraguay has made significant progress over the past 16 years. However, both the market and policies related to PES are still not fully established due to critical issues identified, primarily the lack of regulation of other certification modalities that contribute to both sustainable production and conservation strategies. Hence, there is a need to address these challenges to ensure the effective implementation of PES in Paraguay. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is about corporate entrepreneurship as a particular field on entrepreneurship related to established business, an understudied issue in Cuba. Considering the current situation of our state owned enterprises, has a potential for business renewal that should be taken into account. Therefore, theoretical frame, external and internal conditions for corporate entrepreneurship implementation is briefly discussed. An updated assessment of our state owned enterprises is also included and, finally, some ideas about corporate entrepreneurship implementation in our country are outlined, considering a context of profound transformations on this business. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In September 2015, the 2030 Agenda was presented, which establishes the 17 Sustainable Development Goals that all countries and stakeholders must meet by the year 2030. It is an apparently transformative and inclusive proposal; however, interpreting its essence is of notable importance for underdeveloped societies, since it reveals that the agenda favors capital management. This paper addresses, from the critique of political economy, the essence of the «new» agenda. Although it recognizes that the SDGs can constitute a step forward in overcoming many of the problems inherent to under development, it states that the SDG respond to power relations corresponding to the logic of reproduction of capital on an international scale. Fulfillment of the SDGs must have as basis the distinction between essence and appearance, only then can it truly contribute to the development of nations, and especially those that advocate the socialist alternative to the logic of capital. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this paper is to quantify the land use from the primary activities in terms of consumption in Mexico. To do this, we assign data on the land use for agriculture, livestock, productive forestry, and aquaculture to the primary economic activities represented in the 2018 input-output table. Also, the input-output model of land use is complemented with statistical information from the import matrix and the social accounting matrix of 2018. The results indicate that the land footprint amounts to 61 745 416 hectares and 0.49 hectares per capita. This means that 73% of the land footprint is represented by land areas within our country and 27% by areas in other countries. The land demand derived from the consumption of the population in Mexico is greater than the land areas used in the production of primary activities. This study has two limitations: one referred to the assumptions of the input-output model and another, to the concept of land use. The originality and value of the article consist in analyzing the demand for land for food production in Mexico, which represents the greatest threat to the conservation of terrestrial ecosystems and the ecological services that emanate from it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper identifies the key dimensions in the evaluation of a public investment project of environmental transformation carried out in Moravia neighborhood in Medellín, Colombia. The Sustainable Development Goals approach is adopted through a modified five-dimensional scale applied to 197 inhabitants of the area of influence. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation models were used to derive first and second order models that could be used to define the scale. From the model, the identification of appropriate variables that can effectively contribute to the recognition of sustainable development to optimize the destination of public resources, as well as the sustainability over time of the projects for a better design of public policies are derived. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes local production systems by identifying their business structure, and the role played by the main sectors of economic activity in the territory of Cotopaxi-Ecuador as the basis for study. It highlights the Andean-Latin American approach to integral, territorial, and sustainable development, based on the triangulation of regional analysis techniques (specialization and location coefficients, cluster analysis, and Rasmussen’s method) to characterize the dynamics of the local production system and lines of improvement to strengthen the system. The results show the presence of two provincial clusters, a high degree of regional specialization in traditional activities that have little impact on the productivity of the province, and the presence of two key economic sectors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mining is an activity that causes considerable damage to ecosystems. This paper aims to argue the convenience of generalizing the implementation of rehabilitation procedures for open-pit mined areas with a socioenvironmental and economic approach, which is essential to make sustainable development viable. The recommended procedure to be generalized incorporates novel elements in the social, environmental and economic dimensions whose effects transcend the rehabilitation of the affected ecosystem and generate impacts that contribute to sustainability in the broadest sense. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The 2030 Agenda integrates the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) through the SDG 4, quality education. The '2030 Agenda' proposes education for sustainable development as one of the pillars to achieve just, equitable, inclusive societies and in harmony with nature. Within this framework, legal clinic training is an inspiring model for strengthening education for sustainable development in the country. This paper presents the results of documentary research on real work cases of legal clinics in Colombia. In addition, it analyzes the work of various legal clinics across the world in order to explain the correspondence between the global legal clinic agenda and the 2030 Agenda. The paper finds that Colombian legal clinics play a relevant role in promoting sustainability through their integration in the SDG framework, having social justice at the core of their pedagogic goals and social projection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to analyze the theoretical-conceptual assumptions concerning cultural heritage and its link with Latin American cultural identity. To achieve this goal, we reflect on cultural heritage as a material, tangible and intangible asset of humanity, whose value is not obtained in a utilitarian way, but through its connection with the ancestral legacy and with social identification towards it. On the other hand, it points out the importance of the ownership and conservation of heritage buildings, which is why cultural management is essential, whose purpose is to summon the citizenry, the State and private entities to respect and value heritage, assuming a responsible, sustainable and sustained attitude towards emblematic historic buildings in Latin America, which have been victims of human intervention, violence, and various natural disasters. Finally, by understanding that adequate care and understanding of the historical, social and philosophical relevance of historical heritage buildings would improve not only the material conditions of the buildings, but also the citizen's conception of their identity and the role they play. as a mechanism of resistance to the changes sponsored by globalization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The circular economy (CE) model promotes the production of goods and services in a sustainable way, optimizing the consumption of natural resources and mitigating the wastes. In the last years, this model has received a lot of attention and support at the governments' level, internationally; also, in Latin America. Cuba pleads for a sustainable development, with political and incentives for the recycling, the use of the renewable sources and the energy efficiency, as impeller motor of its economic model. Hence, Cuban universities have been requested to include this topic in their study plans, for all the careers. The objective of this paper is to describe how the topic of Circular Economy has been incorporated in the Study Plan of the Electrical Engineering Career at the Technological University of Havana "José A. Echeverría "CUJAE and the results, during the implementation in the 2021 academic year. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to transfer the pedagogy of environmental education, which reinforces pro-environmental behaviors, to everyday settings by adopting a conceptual and methodological approach. For this purpose, a training path was implemented with the educational community of the Colegio Jorge Gaitán Cortés in Bogotá, Colombia. Five groups of pedagogical interventions were performed there: (1) resignification of relationships with the environment through interpretive tours, (2) inter-institutional articulation for environmental education, (3) curricular focus on environmentally relevant behaviors, (4) implementation of environmental volunteering, and (5) institutional actions for environmental sustainability. This paper also reviews other studies in this field that revolve around three perspectives: environmental education to generate pro-environmental cultural behaviors and practices, the concept of educating city, and the interdisciplinary study of environmental aspects. The results indicate that pedagogic actions should be transferred to the immediate environment and the everyday lives of the educational community. In addition, experiential and cognitive approaches can be combined to encourage the socio-environmental acknowledgement of environmentally friendly spaces in the city, identity formation, and the establishment of bonds with the territory. The pedagogical emphasis on pro-environmental actions enabled students to come up with solutions to problems that are relevant to them. The path towards the construction of a culture of environmental sustainability and, particularly, the consolidation of the achievements of pedagogical interventions require medium and long-term processes that influence the habits and lifestyle of the members of the educational community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper analyzes the socio-economic and institutional fundaments for the operation of a circular economy at the local level, and in which rural tourism is a relevant economic activity. The paper systematize the operation of some projects on ecotourism in south Mexico. It also presents some of the complementary institutional actions that are required to achieve sustainable development by applying the principles of the circular economy. The construction of a circular economy for local development requires the presence of a functional institutional framework, as this makes possible and facilitates the use of human capacities in the performance of complementary functional activities to the central project and the best use of the underlying social capital in rural communities. Rural tourism as a basis in a circular economy for local development faces challenges but offers potential that can be exploited, combining local development with the careful use of natural resources, with technological and institutional innovations that are consistent with the use of capacities. existing in rural societies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is essential for local development to increase both technological and human capacities. From the introduction of technologies, it is essential to diagnose and define the baseline of human resources in the community under study to support the implementation of the knowledge management strategy. In this article, aspects related to human resources and their interdependence with knowledge management were addressed, using multi-criteria models that support decision making in the selection of the most appropriate energy technologies to raise the standard of living. The systems for decision support in rural energization projects and the procedure for the contribution to the improvement of quality from rural energization are program packages built on the basis of technical and non-technical aspects for the energy development of rural areas with less favored populations. In this case, the above tools allowed the development of simulations and the calculation of the disparities that may arise between the existing human resource in the community and its potential after the specific energy solutions have been installed and to measure the potential impact on this resource. This paper reported the results of the application of the referred models, related to the impact on the human resource of the community, the human dimension of sustainable development and knowledge management in the case study of the rural community “El Socucho”, located in Las Tunas province, Cuba. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the fundamental axes that currently converge for the needs of nature and humanity. The philosophical statements contained in this reflection become valid when it comes to articulating ethical codes with the advancement of science and, at the same time, educating through an axiological system that leads to sustainable human development. In this order of ideas, it is pointed out how Western progress has led to catastrophic events for life on the planet, coupled with the excessive use of science, without any ethical criteria to regulate their actions. However, as a result of the moral reflection of recent times, of the voices of various social groups, scientific improvements have been questioned and directed towards the production of knowledge that allows human activity to be deployed positively on nature and on society, taking into account that, to make this possible, it is necessary to combine ethics, science and education, to walk towards progress in terms of sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the interaction between public policies and plans and the Sustain-able Development Goals (SDGs). For this purpose, this paper analyzes the instruments indicated in the Voluntary National Reports of Chile and Uruguay (2019), especially those referred in ODS 13: Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts. The analysis carried out shows the possibilities of fulfilment that are presented from SDG 13, in an interrelated way with the other SDGs, in order to evaluate the viability of an integral and sustainable development model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ten years after the creation of the National System of Response to Climate Change (snrcc for its acronym in Spanish) in Uruguay, this paper examines the perceptions among local actors about the impacts of climate change on the Northeast region of the country (Departments of Rivera, Tacuarembó and Cerro Largo). It also analyzes their visions about policies and mechanisms of climate governance defined at the national level, focusing some aspects such as articulation and participation. This way the paper aims to generate relevant inputs for the discussion about the design of policies for mitigation and adaptation to this phenomenon in the specific territory considered here. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social and solidarity economy and agroecology in family agriculture cooperatives in Brazil as a form of development of sustainable agriculture We urgently need to rethink solidarity and social economy strategies focused on endogenous development subjects and rural world. Social questions as food sovereignty, right to food, gender equality or small productions viability must be addressed and evaluated, among other reasons, because of their current importance in the political agendas of organisms such as the FAO or the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). These institutions have been warning for decades about the social and environmental need of turning the goal of food sovereignty into reality. The concept of Food Sovereignty was defined in 1996 during the FAO Summit on the Right to Food in Rome. There, the Vía Campesina movement defined Food Sovereignty as a social and political concept essential to build bridges between the agroecological and social and solidarity economy perspectives. This movement referred to the sovereignty of communities, peoples and consumers in order to decide what to eat, what to produce and how the territorial development must be according to its limitations and endogenous characteristics. This concept proposed a higher visibility for the peasant movement, taking into consideration the lack of attention paid as an intermediary agent in international forums and decision-making spaces on the World Trade Organisation or the development policies of other international institutions. the proposal of an agenda focused on concepts (endogenous development, Food Sovereignty), we need located agri-food systems which work from the logics of community economies, social-solidarity economies and caring economies. We consider that our monitoring and researching projects must reflect this need of theoretical and methodological frames. These ones combine inputs from different fields of social and environmental sustainability. Because of these reasons, this paper aims to understand how the Social and Solidarity Economy (SSE) as well as the Agroecology can contribute to the economic, social, ecological and political sustainability of family agriculture in Brazil. For this purpose, the dimensions and different ways for viability of selected family exploitations will be exposed. The study is about collecting how the ESS and the Agroecology dialogue on many factors related to sustainability in the production system and peasants' organisation. One of the commonest problems of many SSE experiences is how environmental protection remains at a second stage, if compared to democracy or redistribution issues. Therefore, by adopting Agroecology, the current agroecosystems artificialisation model could be changed. This system would be more suitable for social and ecological reproduction through new proposals of technical, ecological, agronomical and social production. Via this production, a sustainable management of natural resources could be achieved avoiding degradation of the environment. Another question to deal in this paper is the role developed by the short circuits of commercialisation in the promotion of agroecological strategies conceived at the same time as an answer from the perspective of social and solidarity economy. Short circuits of commercialisation are essential elements, especially for peasants and for the endogenous rural development, in order to link again production and consumption to principles of proximity, reliance, and sustainability. The adoption of short circuits as a strategy for territory sovereignty and a defence is a way of guaranteeing the economic aspects as well as the social ones in Agroecology. Our case studies are based in representative experiences of different ways of commercialisation in the Northern and Southern regions of Brazil: Associação dos Agricultores Ecologistas de Ipê y Antonio Prado (Ecologist Farmers Association of Ipê and Antonio Prado, AECIA) and the Cooperativa de Irituia (Cooperative of Irituia). The AECIA is in the Brazilian province of Rio Grande do Sul, Northeast region, in the municipalities of Antonio Prado and Ipê. These present an intermediate level of capitalisation, where the production systems integrate vegetal and animal productions, outlining the conventional and ecological fruticulture (grape, apple, peach), ecological horticulture, dairy cattle, marking livestock, pigs, birds and corn. The Cooperative of Irituia is in the Northern region of Brazil, province of Pará, municipality of Irituia, in the Northeast mesoregion. Its population mainly lives in the rural environment. Its local economy, which is based in agriculture and wood extraction and transformation, is mainly composed of family peasants that practice subsistence farming. Both belong to the tradition of family agriculture in Brazil, but they present a different approach in their ecological, community or economic perspective where they interact. Regarding the method for the case study, we have applied a qualitative approach through several social research techniques, some of them are explicative (interviews, experts panel), other are more inductive (survey based in three dimensions: Agroecology, New Commons and SSE) and other are more descriptive (secondary sources, interviews to key informers). With all this material, we have made a proposal of social-economic, social-cultural and productive sustainable indicators. In this way, we can test the sustainability approach of these initiatives in the long term. Results of the research point to the existence of differences between the analysed cooperatives regarding productive, social, political and economic viability, not only from the SSE but also the Agroecology. Because of this, the AECIA offers better values in all the studied items instead of the Cooperative of Irituia. At a theoretical level, this work demonstrates a more complex approach to the short circuits in the agri-food channels. Furthermore, from a common agroecological and SSE point of view, those are introduced as an umbrella for democratisation of our agri-food systems, meanwhile defending the right to food as well as a sustainable and healthful production suitable to the physical and cultural context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The response to the growth of global tourism demand to explore alternative destinations requires that countries consolidate taking advantage of their natural and cultural resources with a sustainable approach in the assumption that, the diversification of destinations will have positive indicators in fighting poverty and social inequality. The aim of this paper is to evaluate public tourism policies and the agglomeration theory in ecotourism and cultural tourism services in Mexico using indicators of sustainable development, wages, employment and specialization coefficient for the 2004, 2009 and 2014 census years. The paper analyzes 32 entities from Mexico, emphasizing in two regional programs and the NMX-AA-133-SCFI-2013 standard. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper questions the actions originated from Corporate Social Responsibility, implemented by companies carrying the ESR Badge during the National Day of Healthy Distance by Covid-19 in Mexico. The objective is to contribute to the theoretical discussion and studies developed around CSR based on its analysis in the light of the dominant paradigm and the emerging paradigm, that in a context of maximum crisis allow to evaluate the exercise of the CSR through the actions carried out to manage the relations with the workers. The research was based on qualitative methodology, through an instrumental case study. It is concluded that the exercise of CSR during the National Day of Healthy Distance in the company studied responds to the interest of the organization to generate a positive impact on its workers through social responsibility initiatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the design and evaluation of a board game type educational resource, entitled 'S.O.S. Civilizations'. The design of this resource is based on the commercial game "The Forbidden Island". Based on game-based learning, its objective is to contribute to the training and knowledge of High School students in environmental and social issues of the 21st century, through the Sustainable Development Goals (UN). The ability of the designed game to foster motivation and pro-environmental commitment has been evaluated through a qualitative analysis using two theoretical frameworks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The close relationship that the 2015 Paris Agreement has with the thirteenth sustainable development goal, "adopt urgent measures to combat climate change and its effects, is indisputable." If we talk about this relationship from the point of view of "action", we can influence the importance of the Nationally Determined Contributions technique, since the commitments acquired by the States Parties to the treaty must be achieved through through a series of actions at the national level. This paper aims to reflect on the need for consistency in the implementation of both the Paris Agreement and the 2030 Agenda. In this sense, an analysis will be carried out on the negative effects that, in compliance with both legal instruments, may occur if their implementation is carried out in a fragmented manner and, therefore, without taking into account the links that the objectives of sustainable development they have among themselves and, these, with the technique of Nationally Determined Contributions, within the framework of the Paris Agreement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The close relationship that the 2015 Paris Agreement has with the thirteenth sustainable development goal, "adopt urgent measures to combat climate change and its effects, is indisputable." If we talk about this relationship from the point of view of "action", we can influence the importance of the Nationally Determined Contributions technique, since the commitments acquired by the States Parties to the treaty must be achieved through through a series of actions at the national level. This paper aims to reflect on the need for consistency in the implementation of both the Paris Agreement and the 2030 Agenda. In this sense, an analysis will be carried out on the negative effects that, in compliance with both legal instruments, may occur if their implementation is carried out in a fragmented manner and, therefore, without taking into account the links that the objectives of sustainable development they have among themselves and, these, with the technique of Nationally Determined Contributions, within the framework of the Paris Agreement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This review paper aims to analyze the academic perspectives with which the concept of sustainability has been approached in the fields of administration and organizational studies. Methodologically, it consists of a review of 130 documents published in 22 scientific journals recognized by Publindex-Minciencias in the organizational field and related disciplines in Colombia, focusing on the period 2010-2020. As a result, 28 thematic categories and qualitative analyses of the conceptual perspectives that underlie them are presented. It was identified that these concepts are used indiscriminately in the literature and that three thematic approaches coexist: 1) sustainability as a strategy for economic durability, 2) sustainability as a conscious economic developmental perspective and 3) sustainability as a sociocultural and political project of universal transformation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to integrate into a single analytical framework the three dimensions of sustainable development, namely the economic, social, and environmental ones. With this objective, a three-gap model within the structuralist tradition is laid down, which identifies and compares three rates of growth: the maximum rate compatible with external equilibrium, the maximum rate compatible with the environmental commitments of the region, and the minimum rate necessary for increasing equality. Policy scenarios are simulated using the E3ME Cambridge Econometrics model, a macroeconometric model of the socioeconomic, energy, and environmental systems. The simulation exercises confirm the crucial importance of combining industrial and technological policies with those for social protection and welfare to foster growth, formal employment, the decoupling of emissions, and equality. An international governance that encourages the reduction of technological asymmetries and broadens the policy space for development in the periphery is necessary to advance towards a new style of development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the relationship between Corporate Social Responsibility and the proposal for sustainable development. By virtue of this, the article focuses on three aspects: 1) the theoretical conceptualization of sustainable development, which arises from the demands of a society plagued by environmental deterioration, which demanded forceful actions to stop the adverse effects of industrialization. In response, the World Conservation Union, the Brundtland Report (CMMAD, 1987), Agenda 21 (Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 1992), and the World Summit in Johannesburg in 2002, helped shape the definition of sustainable development managed so far. 2) The proposal for Corporate Social Responsibility, which has antecedents in the 19th century, but it is not until the 20th century, along with the advances in sustainable development, that it enters the academic and managerial scene, postulating a new vision of the company, with social relevance, adapting to the demands of a more conscious society, without losing sight of the need for sustainable production and growth. 3) Corporate Social Responsibility in interrelation with the objectives of sustainable development, representing the opportunity to materialize the responsibility of companies with the environment and the community. It concludes on the importance of awareness regarding globalization and its adverse effects on life on the planet, as well as the need for companies to act responsibly in the face of this phenomenon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims the viability of building an ecological citizenship, understood as a response to the environmental crisis, a product of the advance of symbols of the instrumental rationality of modernity. The confluence of diverse theoretical, cultural, educational, philosophical and social movements gave rise to the emergence of a political ecology, which was built on the utilitarian foundations established by Western logos, while allowing a holistic, complex and heterogeneous understanding of relationality man/naturalness. However, the environmental problem was not resolved with the political emergence of ecology; it required entering into sustainable development, with the presence of an ecological citizenry, whose fines are placed on the responsibility and active role of the citizen in favor of the environment, to the communities in the processes of transformation of society. However, to consolidate this proposal, it cannot be achieved without environmental education, thought, in the bureaucratic terms of the academy, as a life training, which must be carried out from birth to death, promoting axiological training and a culture sustained, fair and sustainable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Interest to include waste glass in concrete can be ascribed to the growing need for waste disposal, as well as to minimize traditional raw material usage in concrete preparation. Glass waste has a direct effect on the properties in a fresh and hardened state; however, there are few reports that account for its effect on CO2 emissions. In this paper, a review of different reports that incorporate glass waste in replacement of aggregates or cement is presented and the estimation of CO2 emissions was made. The results show that the replacement of cement by glass waste generates a positive effect on strength and decreases carbon dioxide emissions, being greater the greater the cement replacement, a 20% reduction in CO2 emissions was found for a 20% replacement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The close relationship that the 2015 Paris Agreement has with the thirteenth sustainable development goal, "adopt urgent measures to combat climate change and its effects, is indisputable." If we talk about this relationship from the point of view of “action”, we can influence the importance of the Nationally Determined Contributions technique, since the commitments acquired by the States Parties to the treaty must be achieved through through a series of actions at the national level. This paper aims to reflect on the need for consistency in the implementation of both the Paris Agreement and the 2030 Agenda. In this sense, an analysis will be carried out on the negative effects that, in compliance with both legal instruments, may occur if their implementation is carried out in a fragmented manner and, therefore, without taking into account the links that the objectives of sustainable development they have among themselves and, these, with the technique of Nationally Determined Contributions, within the framework of the Paris Agreement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to assess the nature of climate litigation at the international level and its role in sustainable development and nature conservation. Climate litigation has allowed claims to be made against governments regarding the climate crisis and companies, especially the largest generators of greenhouse gas emissions. They have also given way to the recognition of the impact and moral responsibility of companies and the lack of action by governments in the global environmental crisis, as well as highlighting the need for each country to establish regulations that promote truly sustainable development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Latin America shows an accelerated urbanization process and a development model that generate and intensify social and environmental problems. Added to these problems are the risks triggered by climate change that affect today's cities. In Argentina, its effects are manifested differentially over the regions, impacting cities and human settlements. In this scenario, this paper proposes to explore the environmental risk faced by Argentinean cities in a context of climate change from two dimensions: threat and resilience. For this, two synthetic indices were built using the Mean Index Coefficient methodology for each dimension and subsequently the results were articulated by defining risk categories. Results were spatially represented using a Geographic Information System. Gran Posadas, Corrientes, and Salta reach the most unfavorable situations following by Gran La Plata, Gran Mendoza, Gran San Juan, Gran Tucumán-Tafí Viejo, and the Buenos Aires counties. The importance of focusing on adaptation measures under the concept of urban resilience is highlighted. New questions arise from this work and invite further research whose results will allow progress towards sustainability and urban resilience by including them in local policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Green infrastructure is being recognized as one of the main strategies for climate emergency mitigation and adaptation in urban contexts. However, there are still very few initiatives in Latin America. This paper explores the Chilean case, in particular the "Stgo+ Green Infrastructure" project, to understand how the climate emergency has been included in green infrastructure planning and the level of priority it has among various types of stakeholders. The research was conducted through a review of planning documents and a participatory methodology, involving institutional, academic, and civil society stakeholders. Chilean urban regulations and territorial planning instruments do not offer much opportunity for the development of green infrastructure systems to face the climate emergency, but there are several indicative instruments that contribute in that sense. On the other hand, there is growing recognition by stakeholders of the importance of green infrastructure, but the climate emergency is an aspect that is still given low priority. The low priority that actors attribute to the climate emergency represents a significant barrier for the incorporation of these issues in public plans and policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: the purpose of this research is to analyze the relationships and growth trends of Industry 4.0 within the global universe of current literature on innovation, limited to the subject area of business, administration, and accounting by means of a bibliometric analysis. Method: Scopus is used as a database for the analysis of 513 documents for the period from 1998 to 2021. VOS viewer was used for processing Scopus database and elaboration of figures representing the relationships between samples. Results: the number of documents is exponentially growing, starting with a trend in 2017 and increasing ever since. The most dynamic source is Technological Forecasting And Social Change. The author with most documents is Voight, K. L. with 10, and the most distinguished institution is the University of Johannesburg with 14 documents. The country with more documents is Italy, with 69. According to the database 69 % of the total documents are articles and 23,4 % are conference papers. The number of documents in the area of Business, Management and Accounting, with 513 documents, exceeds by far any other area, representing 42 % of all documents. The funding sponsor with more documents is the National Natural Science Foundations of China with 13 documents. Some of the most updated organizations are Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, The center for digital labor markets. The country with more documents is United Kingdom with 50 documents and 584 citations, followed by United States with 1110 citations. United States has mainly bonds with China, Australia, United Kingdom, Germany and Italy. United Kingdom has mainly bonds with France, Italy, Germany and United States. China's main relations are Australia, United States, Pakistan, Taiwan, Turkey, Brazil and South Korea. Italy's main bonds are France, Spain, Brazil, Russian Federation, United Kingdom, Austria and Portugal. It could be determined that countries are mostly grouped in 6 clusters. Conclusion: Although there are not many publications yet, it can be inferred that the term industry 4.0 within the available literature of innovation will keep increasing exponentially over time reinforcing relations between authors, institutions and countries. Based on the current state of literature, the subject area of business, management, and accounting will keep on being the one that encompasses most of the available documents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This papers aims to analyze the discourse of sustainable development as opposed to that proposed by Eurocentric modernity. For this, the work is based on four fundamental aspects: 1. It presents the most relevant characteristics of Western modernity, which have clear imperial, colonial, xenophobic and exclusive connotations, which manifest the intention of erecting a monolithic, monocultural civilization based on in the omnipotence of reason. 2. It points out how capitalism and anthropocentrism to the expansion of the western civilizing model, having serious consequences in the deterioration of life on the planet. 3. It shows that, given the accelerated advance of westernization and planetary deterioration, the discourse of sustainable development is given rise, supported by the documents of the World Conservation Union (1980), the Brundtland Report (CMMAD, 1987), the Summit of the Earth in Rio de Janeiro (1992), the World Summit in Johannesburg (2002), among others, which have clear biocentric and ecological connotations, giving recognition to the intrinsic value of nature, denied by modern anthropocentrism. 4. Finally, it raises the need to decolonize sustainable development, recognize the voices silenced and forgotten by modernity, and open the dialogue of knowledge, the recognition of spirituality and ancestral memory, as necessary paths to advance towards the construction of a different world and different imaginary. The article is developed through documentary research; it does not pretend to be conclusive, but to serve as a reflection on this already broad discussion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: o reflect about the importance of the supportability of agroproductive systems and of their contribution to local development in Cuba, from an economic, ecological and sociocultural approach. Materials and Methods: This study, of exploratory, analytical and descriptive type, is based on the bibliographic review of the concepts sustainable and supportable systems, bioeconomy, agroecology and development programs in local contexts. For such purpose, different information sources, scientific papers published about the topic and literature produced by national and international organisms, were consulted and analyzed, in order to know about the state-of-the-art of the object of study and to concrete necessary definitions and strategies for the implementation of supportable systems in the framework of agricultural programs. Results: It was corroborated that supportability is a way of living and producing in harmony with the environment, to guarantee that future generations can satisfy their needs. From its multifunctionality, supportability can be a tool in supportable local development, from the commitment to agrifood models based on agroecology, bioeconomy and food sovereignty. Conclusions: In Cuba it would be pertinent to establish local strategies to improve people's quality of life and preserve the environment, from an agroecological and supportable approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper evaluates the results of the policies applied in Latin America and the Caribbean, based on the study of various economic and social indicators in two groups of countries, one of which is made up of those that formed part of the so-called "progressive wave" of the 21st century (Group 1) and the other of those whose governments responded to liberal orthodoxy by maintaining a neo-liberal economic model (Group D). The structural changes that occurred and their subsequent development are analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the different problems that arise in relation to plant variety and biological innovation. The patentability or not of plants obtained through biological processes has generated a discussion in the international scientific community. We intend to address this issue in relation to the applicable legislation, and reflect on the future taking into account the limitations that a patent would entail, and the business and consumer conflict that could be generated in relation to the Sustainable Development Goals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent times, sustainable development in the management of natural and cultural heritage has been a topic of growing interest. Numerous documents highlight the important role of heritage in processes towards sustainability. However, the articulation between sustainability and heritage is relatively incipient as recent is this notion of development in the heritage agenda. This paper seeks to outline a set of legal-political sustainability indicators for the management of assets that have become part of Argentina's heritage and that involved more than one jurisdiction along the process. Legal-political sustainability emphasizes the actors' freedom, entailing the incorporation of diverse perspectives, the ability to express themselves and make decisions, in a context of strengthening democratic processes. Based on previous studies that selected and built indicators applicable to cultural and natural heritage and the review of two cases, four categories are defined. Each one includes indicators that can be evaluated from a qualitative-quantitative approach. The research provides a methodological instrument to assess the efficiency of heritage management, particularly when they involve more than one jurisdiction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For Ecuador, transforming its Productive Matrix from an exporting primary model to a diversified economy represents a challenge to achieve economic development in equilibrium with the environment and society, fundamental pillars of sustainable development and the 17 objectives of United Nations Agenda 2030. The objective of this paper is assess the sustainability of Ecuador's current Productive Matrix. The use of Input Output Model and Goals Programming philosophy as sectorial management tools and multi-criteria analysis, respectively, made it possible to interpret the national Input Output Matrix for 2017 and assess the sustainability of the 72 sectors that make up the Production Matrix; select the productive linkages with the highest and lowest levels of sustainability; and propose public policies that contribute to achieving the country's sustainable development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the aftermath of the financial crisis that broke out in 2008, new terms to talk about sustainable development started to emerge: the "green" economy and "green" growth. Some countries supported their usage and others did not. The literature witnessed the recrudescence of the debate on the relationship between economic activity and taking care of the environment, divided into three stances: degrowth advocates, "green" growth backers, and the growth-agnostics. This paper dives into the different "green" terms, paying special attention to the case of Argentina. Unlike in previous papers, which have analyzed country interventions in international forums, the methodology here was to search the web pages of the most relevant local players. The most traditional terms ("sustainable development") were strongly predominant, and the concepts of "green" economy or "green" growth were few and far between. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The implementation of agenda 2030 for sustainable development represents a great challenge for all organizations in any context, and obviously for educational institutions. For this reason, this paper seeks to propose five key ideas that contribute to the strengthening of governance in cuban institutions of higher education and to facilitate the aforementioned implementation; using the techniques of documentary analysis and bibliographic review. It recognizes the convergence between the experience of the european higher education Area and the objective 4 of Sustainable Development, and identifies the methodological and practical gaps to be overcome according to the cuban socioeconomic and educational context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work presents some first results of a project related to an 'Integral Training Area' (EFI for its acronym in Spanish) at the University of the Republic (UDELAR) regarding progress and challenges related to the 2030 Agenda and Sustainable Development Development Goals (SDGs) localization process in Uruguay. Based on a territorial approach, the paper focuses on the situation of the Department of Tacuarembó and its regional context in the Northeast Region of the country, historically characterized by a relative lag in its development. Considering the evolution of the theoretical conceptualization of development and adopting a qualitative methodological strategy, the work addresses current actions, possibilities and challenges related to the provision of public goods in essential dimensions of human sustainable development. Taking account of the perceptions of territorial actors grouped in the Local Development Board (MDL for its acronym in Spanish), this research assesses the localization process of SDGs 8 and 13 in Tacuarembó, as well as the future challenges concerning strengthening planning and establishing governance mechanisms in order to achieve these goals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]