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This article is part of a research project developed by the CINDE Foundation, the University of Manizales, the Center for Advanced Studies in Childhood and Youth of these entities and the Catholic University Luis Amigó with funding from the Historical Memory Center and the Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation - Minciencias; the project explored the representations that children have about recent violence in their contexts and the ways in which they have learned about it at home and at school. The research is called Peaceful Expedition: pedagogies of memory and reconciliation in schools, which began in December 2020 and ended in June 2022. The research was conducted by the CINDE Foundation, the University of Manizales, the Center for Advanced Studies in Childhood and Youth of the same entities and the Catholic University Luis Amigó, Manizales branch. It also received financial support from the Historical Memory Center and the Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation and from the University of Manizales. In particular, the article focuses on the processes related to the pedagogies of memory and the teaching of the recent past in an educational institution in the city of Manizales, with the participation of 40 children. The project provided resources from creation-action research and performative hermeneutic research, paying special attention to the cartographies and narratives of the participants, based on the performative ontological hermeneutic research proposal. The research project was conducted from a qualitative perspective and took resources from performative ontological hermeneutic research, which is understood by Alvarado et al. (2014), as that which allows the emergence of the voices of actors that have been silenced by traditional research mechanisms that, also makes it possible that the same research questions and the ways in which the voices of the group of actors are summoned, allow them to position themselves as political subjects, based on the recognition of their potencies and their capacities for the transformation of reality. On the other hand, the research also took resources from action-creation research, applying design and audiovisual resources as creative resources that allow narratives to be accompanied by creations made by the research participants themselves and that also communicate knowledge, experiences and knowledge. The work consisted of the development of five cartographic expeditions, the first related to the knowledge of the project, the second to the pedagogies of memory and the teaching of the recent past, the third to the construction of peace, the fourth to reconciliation, and the last to political agency. This paper analyzes the expedition related to the pedagogies of memory and the teaching of the recent past. The analysis of the information was based on the categories related to the teaching of the recent past and the pedagogies of memory, allowing the emergence of three subcategories, the first emphasizes the relationship between memory and territory, the second focuses on children as readers of reality, and the third is based on the continuity of adult voices and traditional media as the main sources of information for children. It was found that children prefer some places or regions of the country due to the events they have learned about from adults or from the news, which makes them generalize their imaginary about certain regions based on what is communicated to them. It was also possible to recognize that children assume certain positions according to what they hear from their families and from television, for example, stories were evidenced in which they give their opinion about the political situation in Colombia or the socio-political situation in Venezuela. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper holds that Work Psychology can improve the understanding of the problems in its field if it brings to the foreground the work itself. Developments in such direction are discussed, mainly those from Christophe Dejours, Yves Clot, and Elliott Jaques. Since its inception Work Psychology has been understood as the application of psychological concepts to the study of people's performance in the context of their employment work. The work itself was seen as something given and objectifiable. The tradition of the School of Human Relations puts the social interaction as the main content and leaves the work itself as context. For Zaleznik this approach led managers to concentrate on what he called "psychopolitics", neglecting the actual work, the role of aggression in it, and the conflict between the individual and the organization. Dejours called his approach "Psychodynamics of Work", and focused on the subjective and intersubjective processes aroused by work, whose dynamics are activated by conflicts. He underlined the difference between work as prescribed and actual work. Trying to achieve the prescribed goal, the person collides with everything that resists his efforts in reality, both physical and social, and even unconscious. The first experience of work is that of suffering. Dejours highlights the centrality of the body in this suffering and in the whole work process. Suffering is also the starting point for the deployment of subjectivity in the construction of the task in order to overcome obstacles by going beyond the prescriptions. If a person finds space in the organization for this deployment, "living work" occurs, which benefits both the organization and the person. This space is one where communication circulates in both directions, which makes it possible for work to become visible and achieve recognition. If, on the other hand, the organization thwarts the subjective deployment, the situation becomes pathogenic. Yves Clot interpolates between the prescribed and the real work, the unrealized possibilities, which provide energy that contributes to the dynamics of the work process, either as available resources or as restrictions. This idea qualifies the conception of the encounter with the task prescribed as suffering. For Clot, the psychological function of work is to enable people to separate their subjective concerns from the social occupations they must fulfill, which accords them a place in the society via division of labor. Clot designates "professional genre" to the specifics of the occupation assumed, a flexible set of orientations that is reworked by each one as a personal style. Jaques studied the work process from Kleinian psychoanalytic perspective and his experience in industry. In his analysis of salaried work he distinguishes two elements: the prescribed content, goals and means that leave no choice to the employee, and the discretionary content, the elements upon which the employee is expected to decide. Jaques describe several stages in the process of work and highlights the continuous interaction of conscious and unconscious areas of mind in it, and the importance of anxiety. Although both Dejours and Clot highlight the importance of recognition in work experience, Jaques proposes that recognition is manifested concretely in the breadth of responsibility and remuneration associated with the position. It is argued that putting into dialogue the developments of the cited authors, despite their differences, would fertilize the theory, and make new interventions possible. It is suggested to focus the teaching of Work Psychology on the analysis of the experience of working itself. Other suggestions are avoid the "rhetoric of suffering" in the dissemination of topics of the specialty; to ground applications on concrete analysis of the organization, and to pay attention to the uniqueness of the case rather than to the application of a given scheme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Morality is conceived as a form of cognition that determines social values and behaviors. Nevertheless, traditional representational cognitive explanations have been unsatisfactory. Alternative theories are the embodiment, which considers that the body, action, and context constitute cognition. These approaches offer a revolutionary perspective in the study of morality, making it possible to overcome the limitations of more traditional positions. Therefore, this work sought to analyze the characteristics and main results of the articles published between 1980 and 2022 that have addressed morality from an embodied cognition perspective. A scoping review was carried out according to the PRISMA statement. Fifty-one articles met the inclusion criteria. These papers showed that research on embodied morality has increased in the last decade, especially empirical research, and has been primarily concerned with the relationship between sensorimotor metaphors and moral behavior. In particular, the authors report the following associations: perception of disgust with immorality, cleanliness of body and hands with reduction of distress caused by wrong actions, body weight with guilt, and body openness with immorality. Furthermore, few studies were found outside of North America and Europe, showing a lack of research in other world areas where it could have critical applications, such as Africa or South America. The applications were primarily theoretical, although political, clinical, and social uses were also explored. We recommend several pathways for future research in this area based on these findings. First, sample diversity should be expanded regarding participants' age, social, cultural, and economic background. Future research should include practitioners from disciplines other than psychology and neuroscience, as embodied morality encompasses social, economic, and linguistic factors. Regarding the methods used, future research could implement more situated techniques that consider the body and environmental, relational, and cultural factors. Lastly, we recommend that researchers in this area continue replicating the results, which gives them greater validity and broadens their theories by implementing different and diverse methods and samples and studying new body aspects. 1) there is a gradual increase during the 20th century in publications, reflecting a developing disciplinary field; 2) the samples used to be university students, limiting the generalization of the results; 3) the most consistent association between morality and the body refers to the use of sensorimotor metaphors about disgust, cleanliness, openness, and body weight; and 4) the most used methods continue to be the classic moral dilemmas, which indicates that a methodological break towards more situated and ecological methods is still required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]