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This paper describes the design, implementation and results of a formative action with 61 students for primary education teachers, oriented to the development of the competence of analysis of the didactic suitability of educational videos about percentages. The a priori analysis of the video made by the researchers revealed important deficiencies in the different facets of didactic suitability, being especially relevant those detected in the epistemic dimension. Most of the students for teacher made quite relevant global assessments of the didactic suitability (70.49% considered it between low and medium) basing their judgment on the precision or degree of fulfillment of the suitability indicators in the different components. However, although the suggestions for improvement indicated are quite timely, not all students who identify weaknesses in the videos are able to explicitly make changes to the resource. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reflects on the importance that the dialectic of hypothesis - conjectures can have, not only for the development of demonstrative thinking in students, but also for the development of stochastic thinking. It argues for curricular reasons, for an approach to teaching based on problem solving, for a way of solving problems that considers simulation as a method of resolution with heuristic content and, finally, for new proposals on mathematics that the citizen of the XXI century will require and that includes the analysis of data in contexts of uncertainty. Consequently, a proposal is presented for the training of pre-service teachers to enable them to deal with such challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we analyze the graphs produced by 207 preservice primary school teachers when solving an open-ended task in which they should compare three pairs of distributions. The graphs produced are classified according whether they are correct or not, and according to the kind of error in case of an incorrect graph. The analysis allows us to explain some of these errors in terms of semiotic conflicts. Results suggest the semiotic conflicts are related to knowledge of conventions in building the graphs, selecting the graphs, number sense and conceptual misunderstanding. The influence of using computers on the errors produced is also analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we assess pre-service primary school teachers' knowledge in relation to fair games. Common knowledge of content is assessed through the responses given by 167 pre- service primary school teachers to two open-problems. In addition, two components of didactic knowledge are inferred trough the participants analyses, when working in small groups: (a) Specialized knowledge of content is assessed from their analyses of the tasks' mathematical content; and (b) knowledge of content and students is assessed from their assessment of responses provided by primary school students. Results suggest the need to reinforce the training of pre-service teachers both in the mathematical and the didactic knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Causing a cognitive conflict can be one way to make students aware of the inadequacy of the concepts that they possess and the methods that they use in solving a problem. Apart from discussions in a cooperative group and the use of mathematical games, the mathematical situations themselves have to possess certain characteristics to be able to provoke a conflict and furthermore facilitate the confrontation between the previous knowledge and new knowledge to be acquired. Moreover teachers need to have direct experiences at their level with this kind of activities, before they can employ them in their classes. In this paper we report the results of a study in which a cryptography activity was applied with a group of university and high school teachers, where the concepts of sets and binary operations came into play. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]