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This paper focuses on the evolution of loanwords from the end of the 19th century to modern Spanish on the basis of columns on the language (CSL). The main objective is to study the tensions between norm established by Spanish language institutions or their representatives and the actual use of loanwords by Spanish speakers. We start from the idea that language is closely related to nationalist ideology, near purism. If we relate loan, dictionary and columnism, we can reflect on how ideological positions and norm conceptions have evolutioned in lexical creation. To this end, we will establish four periods by selecting several columnists, we will contrast their opinion with the academic norm through the contemporary dictionary and we will check the actual use in the academic corpus. The results will show whether the norm, in principle always on alert and resistant to the incorporation of foreign words, and the real use of the speakers are contrary or converge. Finally, the ideological implications of this type of attitude on the part of both the Academy and the columnists will be reflected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to analyze the history of the presence of neologism in the language columns from the end of the 19th century to the beginning of the second half of the 20th century in order to settle the evolution of the treatment of this concept and the links it sets up with the dictionary of the Real Academia Española. The texts that have been studied are Valbuena (1887-1896), Commelerán (1887), Atrián Salas (1887), Álvarez Sereix (1889), Martínez Abellán (1896), Echegaray (1905), Cavia (1922) and Casares (1918, 1941, 1944, 1961, 1965), in addition to the section «Revista de Revistas» of La España Moderna. The main results of the analysis show that, although the criticism of the neologism focuses on linguistic borrowings, it also concerns other types of lexical innovations and that the dictionary is the object of very different regards, some of them closely related to the neologism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new edition of the Diccionario de la lengua española (DRAE) usually raises numerous questions, both among the language user and the language scholar, about the changes that the Real Academia introduces. In this paper I examine a group of lemmas in italics, as established in academic dictionaries from 2001 up to the 23rd edition of the DRAE in 2014: the raw foreign words, characterized by not following the graphic-phonic rules of Spanish, the number of which increases to 344 in the new dictionary. On the basis of certain criteria set out in the preamble to the DRAE (those related to foreign words and variants), my aim is to assess how they are applied in the body of work and if a consistent treatment of these words is achieved. Simultaneously, I compare the latest two editions of DRAE in respect of these parameters. The analysis demonstrates that it remains difficult to understand the reasons why the Academy chooses to use italics or roman in certain lemmas, a difficulty increased by the lack of information on their pronunciation. Furthermore, there is an increase in foreign words that refer to an adaptation or to an equivalent. As for variants, some changes in the choice of the preferred form are observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyses the meaning of some technical words used by Quevedo in his works. These terms are studied looking them up in dictionaries or books of the period. The analysed words are: hidropesía; hígado; hipocrás; metales, producto del sol; mitridático; Mizaldo; moco, superfluidad del cerebro; muelas de difuntos; muermo; muerte repentina; zarza and zurdo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]