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In this paper the MADA mathematical model is presented for the optimal management of aquifer exploitation. The model is built by embedding the AQÜIMPE model for simulation of ground water aquifers into a linear programming algorithm. MADA is used to evaluate exploitation in «Cuenca Sur de la Habana» aquifer, following a given water use plan (PUA). It is shown in the paper that PUA distribution of well abstractions is not considering possible saline intrusion in the aquifer and to that end a solution is presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Severe meteorological events are the main threat in the country, as there is a large population living in areas at risk from hurricanes, tropical storms, heavy rains and flooding for different reasons. For specialized decision makers it would be useful to have historical information on the behavior of the basin under extreme events and the consequences thereof in the region. In most cases, historical rainfall records are present in the basins from the installed equipment. In this paper a procedure is presented to obtain these events from historical rainfall records. The method allows to obtain the events in the basin for further modeling, which is an important tool for decision makers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aquifers vulnerability maps allow differentiating the natural characteristics of the geological environment to protect the aquifer from the action of multiple pollutants that can infiltrate from the surface, associated to natural phenomena or to man's activity. This paper evaluates the natural vulnerability and risk of contamination of the Cuenca Dolores - Sagua La Chica, located northeast of Villa Clara, Cuba. The PATHS methodology is applied, which values aquifers vulnerability analyzing: Precipitations and groundwater level, Aquifer, Tectonic and Topography of the land and Soil Hydraulic Conductivity. As a final result the Map of Vulnerability and the Map of Contamination Risk are obtained for the basin at a scale of 1:100 000. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objective of this paper is to create and calibrate a two-dimensional regional groundwater model for the "Cuentas Claras" aquifer. First, an overall model was conceived and it was subjected to a calibration process. For that purpose AQÜIMPE groundwater simulation software was applied. As the calibration was not achieved for the overall model, the idea of conceiving a partial model representing only the exploitation zone was carried through. The recharge coming from the mountains was introduced to this second model as a groundwater intake, and therefore it had to be calibrated as well. As a final result, a logical calibration of the model was achieved with high accuracy. The present work also attempts to contribute with the groundwater management strategies of this aquifer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fractured crystalline rocks have potential for water accumulation, however, to determine the location of wells that enable extraction, an accurate assessment of the geological conditions of the study area is neccesary. The study area includes Katengue, Caimbambo, Kanhamela and Wyiangombe communities belonging to Caimbambo municipality. The main objective of this paper is to show the applied procedures that include the application of techniques related to Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and remote sensing in a region characterized by the Pre-Cambrian granite formations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a result of INRH policy, related to evaluation, design and construction of infrastructure for water resources exploitation, a diversified development plan was elaborated. As a complement of the plan the joint use of waters is considered, consisting in the use of ground water for supplying population located in this area, distributed through water networks, and the capacity created on reservoirs being used for irrigation purposes. Nevertheless, during severe droughts, ground water is also used for irrigation among other uses. All these actions have contributed to diminish overexploitation of the South Aquifer, which provoked marine intrusion with damages to important sectors of it. Besides, they stopped the soil salinization process and provide good quality water for any purpose. This paper describes experiences of the authors on the subject. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Instituto de Hidrología, Meteorología y Estudios Ambientales (IDEAM) in Colombia, has conducted a series of studies on water resources, which articulated with the laws and regulations in force (Law 99 of 1993) gives a framework to face situations of conflict over use and environmental criticality related to this resource. Many Colombian rivers are contaminated by improper handling, as is the case of Cuja subbasin (near the town of Fusagasugá) that is part of the basin of the river Sumapaz, close to the moor of the same name. Additionally, there is a struggle for water in this moor. In this paper, from a holistic perspective, different possibilities or strategies are proposed to achieve a rational use of water resources, initially in a pilot area of the Cuja river. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the last few years Cuban analysts have been working to obtain flood hydrograms in some regions of the country applying HEC-HMS model but the experience is not yet enough. The present paper reports research work with HEC-HMS model in mountainous basins of the Cuban eastern region and some recommendations are obtained from its application in Las Coloradas basin. Valuable experiences were derived with calculation methods and their best application range as well as suitable parameter values for them. Physico-geographic and climatical characteristics of eastern mountainous basins were taken into account and their existing hydrometeorological information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a study about regional analysis of maximum rainfall series. A summary of several aspects usually covered in regional analysis is introduced, such as parameter estimation, frequency analysis and others. The results of an example using the so-called "index flood" method proposed by Dalrymple in 1960 are shown. The case study refers to the annual maximum rainfall series in the river Zaza basin. As a conclusion of the study in this basin, it can be established that when it is divided into three sub-regions, they can be considered as homogeneous and they can be adjusted to different theoretical probability distributions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hydrologic studies in Coro river basin have neither considered wasted water by spillway overflow nor the "El Isiro" dam break which supplies Coro city. An accelerated urbanization existing downstream of the reservoir in the river floodplain considerably increases posible damages. This paper updated the hydrologic study where "El Isiro" subbasin was included as well as the posibility of the dam break. The impact on the basin response was evaluated allowing the quantification of the flood threat and consequences. The study was supported on HEC-HMS v.3.3 software. Results show that maximum discharges at the end of the basin increase by some 20-35% including spillway discharges. When the dam break is included they are magnified 5-17 times. On the other hand, under the break event peak times are considerably reduced. This work represents a valuable contribution to the flood risk management in the zone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The time of concentration and the so called Curve Number are two important parameters for obtaining runoff hydrographs at any point of a natural river system in a watershed from rainfall data; in Cuba, the time of concentration is usually calculated considering two time components (sheet flow time and channel flow time). In some other cases the time of concentration is calculated using only one component (channel flow time). Some mistakes could arise due to this simplification, because according to updated bibliography three components must be taking into account to compute the time of concentration: travel time in sheet flow segments over the watershed land surface, travel time in shallow flow segments and travel time in channel segments. For the Curve Number determination, a general coincidence exists about its definition and the procedure to calculate its values. Nevertheless, the procedure can become bothersome in the case of a watershed with several soil types and soil uses. Criteria and procedures for both parameters are shown in this paper, which contribute to an adequate solution to estimate their values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]