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Introduction: pneumonia, named by Sir William Osler "the captain of the hosts of men's death", represents one of the main health problems in the world. Both the incidence and the mortality rate increase with age because in the geriatric patient there are diseases that increase the risk of pneumonia. In addition, due to their own health conditions and immune senescence, the probability of dying from this cause is very high. Objective: to study the main characteristics of pneumonia in the elderly and mainly the increased risk factors for developing it. Methods: a prospective quantitative-qualitative research was carried out in 950 patients aged 60 years or older with a diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia admitted to the "Arnaldo Milián Castro" Hospital, in Villa Clara Province, from January 2016 to December 2018 with the aim of determining the risk factors of community-acquired pneumonia in the elderly. Results: the most frequent clinical manifestations were: fever, cough, decay, tachypnea and tachycardia, in various combinations. Smoking, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchial asthma, heart failure, diabetes mellitus and alcoholism were risk factors. Age was an independent prognostic factor associated with higher mortality, longer hospital stay and longer recovery time. Conclusions: the most frequently found risk factors were smoking, alcoholism, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cancer, diabetes mellitus and heart failure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: thymic cyst is a condition that sits in the thymus gland. It can be congenital or acquired. Case report: It is presented a male patient who started about a year ago with a wet cough, accompanied by mucous expectoration. In the study performed, a mediastinal cystic lesion was detected and interpreted radiologically as a pleuropericardial cyst; he was operated and the lesion was completely resected by right thoracotomy. The anatomopathological diagnosis reported multilocular thymic cyst. The patient evolved satisfactorily and was discharged on the third post-operative day. Conclusions: cystic lesions of the anterior mediastinum are many times a finding because there are no symptoms until they reach great size. They must be treated surgically, with total resection, to avoid complications inherent to growth and compression and to arrive at a histopathological diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: arterial hypertension is a health problem with high prevalence worldwide, considered one of the main cardiovascular risk factors, being a very frequent reason for consultation, both in primary care and in emergency services. Objective: to determine the Therapeutic effectiveness of two homeopathic remedies in the treatment of Hypertensive Urgency and the comparison of these remedies. Method: quasi-experimental study of 60 patients with Hypertensive Urgency in the Emergency Department of the José Martí Cast of the "Marta Abreu" polyclinic, between January 2018 and December 2018. Patients with characteristics from the homeopathic point of view of Lachesis and Aconitum were chosen and they were also randomly divided into each of the remedies in a study group that applied the homeopathic remedy to the (200CH); 5 sublingual drops every 10 minutes and another control with Captopril (25 mg) 1 tablet in both cases the blood pressure was taken systematically. Results: the ages of 50 to 60 years and the female sex predominated, in addition in both remedies the BP was reduced fundamentally at 45 minutes in both the study group and the control group, the adverse effect in the study groups that prevailed was burning in the tongue and cough in the control groups. Conclusions: it was evidenced that the homeopathic remedies studied are effective in the Treatment of Hypertensive Urgency, lowering blood pressure as well as Captopril with minimal undesirable effects in relation to conventional treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]