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In the eighteenth century, during the context of imperial rivalries, the circulation of information became a crucial element for success in warfare and politics. This article argues that the adaptability of postal communication systems played an essential role in military and political decision-making in a Caribbean space characterized by its dynamism and connectivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After its institutionalisation during the early 1970s through the creation of the first faculties of Communication Sciences, Spanish communication research consolidates as a disciplinary field in the 1990s. During this period, the increasing number of universities degrees on communication studies led to an exponential growth of the academic community and, so, of the scientific production in the field. The enormous efforts of meta-research carried out in the last decade, specially focused on the study of peer-reviewed journals, and to lesser extent of PhD theses, have allowed the reconstruction of some relevant aspects of the current communication research in Spain. Nevertheless, these studies have not considered sufficiently those elements which would allow to identify the general epistemological orientation followed by the scientific activity in the field of communication. This paper intends to contribute to this research line. For this purpose, a content analysis has been applied to a sample of 1098 papers published between 1990 and 2014 by six major peer-reviewed communication journals, in order to observe the evolution of the objects of study and the methodological procedures in Spanish communication research during this period. The results show a progressive diversification of the objects of study, the pre-eminence of the studies on media content, a growing neglect of the institutional dimension of the media system (companies, professionals, markets, public policies, etc.), a decreasing interest on theoretical research, a gradual improvement of the methodological standards of empirical research, and a growing dominance of quantitative research, specially by means of content analysis applied to media documents (news, advertisements, television series, etc.). The observed trends are put for discussion considering the consequences that could have be generated on Spanish communication research by the changes of the media system (the growth of the communication sector, the advent of digitalization, etc.) and by the updated institutional context (the autonomy of university degrees in communication studies, the implementation of the Academia teaching acreditation programme) on which scientific activity has deveolped over the past 25 years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Historia y Comunicación Social is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper studies introduction and conclusion sections of papers produced by Spanish PhD Students in an academic writing workshop. Based on Swales's CARS model, the aim is to analyze the movements, steps, and substeps accomplished in the construction of the introduction (Carbonell-Olivares, Gil-Salom, y Soler- Monreal, 2009) and concluding sections (Yag y Alison, 2003). With regard to introductions, results of the study confirm, in line with previous studies, that movement 1 (M1) and 3 (M3) are considered compulsory by Spanish writers. Moreover, participants consider more important to establish the topic of the research than highlighting the significance and originality of the work. In the case of the conclusions, there is a presence of the three prototypical sections (M1-M2-M3). Nevertheless, the main focus in on the summary (M1) and the evaluation of the results (M2). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Comunicación 'Vivat Academia' is the property of Facultad de Ciencias de las Informacion de la Universidad Complutense (Espana) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

From an historical analysis as well as considering the scientific, economical, social and political facts and consequences of scientific publications, a critical and updated review of scientific journals is made using a research perspective. It realizes the changes in the communication of Science, especially through twenty centuries. The historical analysis reveals that valuation of scientific knowledge, did not originate for commercial reasons, but responds to the political and economic evolution of society. The current situation of scientific publications reveals its enormous contribution to both knowledge and human development, but also inequities, social, economic and ethical conflicts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of EU-topías: A Journal on Interculturality, Communication & European Studies is the property of Universite de Geneve, Global Studies Intitute and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Didasc@lia: Didáctica y Educación is the property of Universitaria de Las Tunas, Centro de Estudios de Didactica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Doxa Comunicación is the property of Fundacion Universitaria San Pablo - CEU and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cuadernos.info is the property of Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Facultad de Comunicaciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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This paper approaches the state of academic production in communication confined to the Hispanic sphere, namely, Spain and Latin America, during the period extending between 2013 and 2017. As in previous meta-research, the aim here is to highlight potential shortcomings in the discipline, both theoretically and methodologically. From an instrumental standpoint, a systematic, objective and quantitative content analysis was implemented on a probabilistic sample of 1,548 articles from the seven main journals in the field, all indexed in the first quartiles of the SJR-Scopus ranking. Aside from the percentage report for each variable, two-stage cluster analyses were performed twice to identify statistically significant publication patterns. As far as the results are concerned, it is worth highlighting the empirical nature of the studies, generally relying on quantitative methodologies, although no specific theoretical corpora are referenced. On the other hand, and although social networks and ICTs have gained a notable prominence, traditional media continue to be, collectively, the most prominent in communication research. Finally, the challenges of the field seem to revolve around two axes: providing studies with methodological robustness and, above all, with the theoretical background necessary to confront, with guarantees, the understanding of the liquid communicative manifestations that flow, at great speed, from the Information Society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Actas de Diseño is the property of Facultad de Diseno y Comunicacion, Fundacion Universidad de Palermo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The objective of this article is to analyze the distinctive characteristics of research production in the field of communication in Latin American scientific communication journals. Meta-research is necessary because it allows re-evaluating the field and offers new horizons in knowledge production. Two studies were conducted: 1) Bibliometric analysis of 116 journals in eight databases and 24 publications in the Web of Science and Scopus; 2) Content analysis including that of 407 articles over a period of 10 years (2009--2018). The findings demonstrate a research trend in the Latin American region toward international standards, evidenced by a preponderance of empirical over essay studies. Universities in the region published most of the journals in the field and circulation was predominantly biannual. Contrary to expectations, the most widely disseminated topic was health communication, partly owing to a large sample of Brazilian journals. Within the empirical research, the qualitative approach was predominant. The interview was the most widely used research method in the region. Finally, the most used theories were agenda setting and framing. Imminent challenges arise, i.e., to strengthen indigenous theoretical production and to position the region's themes and reflection more decisively in knowledge production at a global level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseño y Comunicación is the property of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseno y Comunicacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Zer: Journal of Communication Studies / Revista de Estudios de Comunicacion / Komunikazio Ikasketen Aldizkaria is the property of Universidad del Pais Vasco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Estudos em Comunicação is the property of Labcom / Universidade da Beira Interior and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Pragmalingüística is the property of Facultad de Filosofia y Letras, Universidad de Cadiz and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Revista Didasc@lia: Didáctica y Educación is the property of Universitaria de Las Tunas, Centro de Estudios de Didactica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseño y Comunicación is the property of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseno y Comunicacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The development of language requires, from scratch, the presence of a listener and the construction of interaction formats between the child and the adult. On the other hand, caregivers have their own perception of this same communication event constructed by both parties (child and adult) and implements verbal and non-verbal resources which communicative impact is variable, especially when language is not typically developed. All these dynamics provides valuable subjective information that must be recorded, analyzed and considered in the speech-language pathology clinic from the concepts of pragmatic linguistics and, especially, of speech acts and their forces. Based on this, it will be possible to outline initial guidelines, strategies and modeling for parents to incorporate in their daily lives, with an impact on the way they interact with their families. In our research line, we distinguish three forces of speech acts: the locutionary force related to the emission of words to produce a certain meaning, the illocutionary force related to the intention of the speaker, and the perlocutionary force related to the effect that the sender's speech acts produce on the receiver. This paper highlights the relevance of the latter, and the importance for speech-language pathologists to have specific instruments to assess it by analyzing how each caregiver perceives the child's communicative dynamics. The ICRA-A Battery is part of the pragmatic research line of ICRA (Investigation of Communicative Competence for the Performance of Speech Acts, for its acronym in Spanish) focused on the evaluation and therapeutics of the Minimal Communication Circuits based on the concept of speech act. It is made up of four instruments: Analysis and Recording of Speech Acts, Pragmatic Observation of Play, Parent Questionnaire and Parents' Guide. The first two were administered directly by the speech therapist and the last two were completed by the caregivers. The objective of this paper is to present Instrument 3 of the ICRA-A Battery, the Parent Questionnaire, designed from the perspective of prelinguistic dimensions and precursors to basic speech acts. The record allows gathering information on the perception each parent has regarding their child's communicative competence by complementing the more objective results obtained from the administration of Instruments 1 and 2 of ICRA-A Battery. This paper also aims to analyze the perceptions of the parents of the pragmatic variables of their children at an early age, describe the instrument as well as its constitutive concepts, the implementation modality in the speech and language pathology clinic, and the validity and reliability psychometric analysis. In five out of the six dimensions comprising such instrument, capability of discriminating perceptions of parents of children with and without a pathology related to early communication indicators were verified. Results showed a moderate correlation between responses from mothers and fathers in each group, strengthening the initial hypothesis that each caregiver answers the questionnaire independently. From the analysis carried out, it was possible to establish the strengths and weaknesses of the variables that make up the instrument and to enhance the form of recording by grouping those strengths and weaknesses into prelinguistic dimensions. It is important for speech-language pathologists to be able to sound out parental perception from which they provide guidelines and modeling to each patient's caregiver, taking into account pragmatic communicative variables to promote a Minimum Communication Circuit in children with nonverbal and verbal language compromises at an early age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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