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This paper analyses the communication strategy of the main Spanish political parties on TikTok after the embryonic phase of 2020. Through content analysis, it identifies in quantitative and qualitative terms the use of TikTok by the PP, PSOE, Podemos and Vox, by observing their rate of publication, engagement and type of interaction, predominant themes and adaptability to narrative and discursive techniques. The study, which covers the period from 1 January to 31 December 2021, consists of 562 units of analysis. The results show a settlement and consolidation on the platform and a clear dominance by the Partido Popular and Podemos, as well as the firm emergence of the PSOE, absent until now. A growth in engagement can be seen, although little use is made of the interaction that the social network can facilitate in order to contribute to debate and social participation. The confrontation between leaders, accusations against the governing party and controversial topics, which reflect polarisation and emotionality, are those that achieve the greatest interaction, which shows that the spectacularisation of current politics finds in TikTok a means of dissemination that is easy to viralise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In November 2020, the Procedure against disinformation was approved in Spain and it provoked an intense reaction on social networks and in the media about the repercussions it could trigger on freedom of expression. To analyze this case study and to observe the confluence of the concern of society and journalism about the informative disorders, a combined methodological approach was designed. First, a multi-stage sample of more than 35,000 tweets with the hashtag #Ministeriodelaverdad has been selected, from which a quantitative and qualitative analysis has been carried out. Second, a content analysis was carried out in the main media in Spain, both press and television (ABC, El Mundo, El País, El Confidencial, El Independiente, Eldiario.es, LaSexta, Telecinco y RTVE. We found that the hashtag was promoted by conservative and anonymous political accounts which - with a greater degree of polarization - led the debate and fed the echo chamber with opinions and audiovisual contents. In the media, the editorial bias determines the acceptance of this measure and the plurality. Little similarity is found between the political sources represented in the media, mainly belonging to the bipartisanship (PP y PSOE) and experts from different areas, and the network, where among those identified there is a total predominance of liberals and far-right. This paper allows us to observe the changes in the construction of the public sphere that social media are inducing and, in the matter of the fight against informative disorders, reflects on the importance of the information media leading the shaping of public opinion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper analyses the informative coverage made by the newspapers El País, El Mundo and La Vanguardia in their printed editions on the investiture session of Pedro Sánchez as President of the Spanish Government. For this purpose, all the text related to this issue published between Friday 3 and Wednesday 8 January 2020 were analyze through a content analysis (n=333), which consider variables such as the location, the type of the texts, the topic addressed and the prominence of headlines and graphics. The results show that this topic aroused a remarkable interest among the analyzed newspapers, which provided their coverage with a great opinion and interpretive value. Furthermore, other features that define the informative coverage of these newspapers are the moderate use of graphic elements, the predominant attention to PSOE and Unidas Podemos, and the configuration of the agenda setting around the same issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studies the evolution and current situation of the topic Journalistic Production in the training of journalists when fifty years of university studies in Spain are marked with the creation of the first Faculties of Information Sciences. From the research field and from the university training field, a delimitation of Journalistic Production with respect to other areas has not been conducted yet. Our main goal is to know the representation of the subject Journalistic Production in the training proposal of Spanish public universities within the framework of the European Higher Education Area. We carry out a content analysis of the lecturing guides of 282 courses belonging to the study plans of the degrees and double degrees in Journalism of 22 Spanish public universities, where we quantitatively observe the offer of specific contents of Journalistic Production by kind of subjects, credits, courses and knowledge areas and, also, qualitatively the jargon of the subjects and the specificity degree in the treatment of the contents. We conclude that there is a stable presence of contents on Journalistic Production, although they are perceived as fragmented and scattered in varied courses, as well as a lack of recognition in the terminology of subjects and a low or very low level of specificity in the contents lectured. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study analyzes the use of Telegram as an electoral communication tool in Spain, focusing on the messages sent by the five major parties in the country (PSOE, PP, Vox, Unidas Podemos and Ciudadanos) during the campaigns corresponding to the general elections of April 28 and November 10, 2019. This research paper steps outside this somewhat still narrow area of methodology by combining two different research techniques on a methodological triangulation: traditional content analysis and data mining processes using Python. Results, which show how political parties in Spain use Telegram mainly as a mobilization tool while expressing closeness with the candidate, are contextualized thanks to the implementation of Big Data analysis techniques that improve and allow for an in-depth investigation and understanding of the study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The work of Nightingale and his team in the Crimean War was significant. Their interventions were recognized in England and other countries. At that time, in Spain, care was mostly in the hands of the Church. This paper aims to identify the ideological position disseminated in the Spanish press on the role of Nightingale in the Crimean War. A bibliographic review was carried out in the Digital Newspaper Library of the National Library of Spain, obtaining 27 publications in Spanish press that referred to news of Nightingale and the Crimean War. The content was analysed following Gadamer's hermeneutics. Based on the political and religious ideology of each newspaper, the publications show discrepancies regarding the perception of Nightingale's work. Some newspapers define her as a imitator of religious institutions; others highlight a woman with an academic background and great leadership in health management. These divergences result from Nightingale's analysis in a cultural, political, and social context that was different from Protestant England. For future research it is proposed to analyse whether the information in the Spanish press in relation to the Nightingale nursing training initiative also generated discrepancies in this context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The launching of Marca España in June 2012 reveals the Spanish Government concern to improve the country image both abroad and within the national territory. Some relevant people have a key role in the construction of the country image (Anholt, 2009a, Peralba, 2010). This article describes the features of the journalistic coverage of the term 'marca España' linked to specific people between 2012 and 2015, a period defined by a context of economic, social and institutional crisis. All the pieces that include the expression 'marca España' are analyzed through a content analysis and the three Spanish newspapers with the widest distribution, El País, El Mundo and La Vanguardia, are taken as a sample. This paper shows the close journalistic link between marca España and the Crown, the President of the Government and personalities of the political and business class as well as sport and culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Doctoral studies allow many professionals to look into ways of improving their practice. Students can check out various databases guide themselves on how to focus their research. In order to help them, teachers can check some databases and assist in coping with problems they encounter. In order to avoid troubles, they can also take into account review studies of doctoral dissertations. These kind of studies have never been done in relation to the violin-family instrumental teaching. For this reason, this work provides new methods for working in this field by performing a bibliometric analysis and a content review of Spanish doctoral dissertations in the last 15 years. For this purpose, Teseo database was consulted, looking for studies whose finality was to apply its findings to the common instrumental classroom practice. On one hand, the objective of this paper is to show interesting statistical data. On the other hand, it is to review and show easily accessible recommendations for teachers of these instruments. Results of this work demonstrate how new these ideas are in Spain and how they have reached a boom in the last years. Moreover, two approaches appear in theses studied: methodological proposals and empiric researches in the classroom. Although these dissertations provide valuable contributions and reveal outstanding findings, a low percentage of studies related to musical teaching continues to demonstrate the need of increasing this kind of research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considering that soccer is a highly political sport and places itself in the crosshairs of capital questions such as membership and identity, the goal of the present article is to analyze how the discourse of Spanish identity is constructed in the sports press. To that purpose, the author conduct an exhaustive content analysis focused on the four main daily sports papers with the highest print run and circulation in Spain. Specifically, it studies the information published about the Spanish team during its participation in the 2006 World Cup in Germany. The article focuses on the role that the sports media currently plays as active agents of ideological transmission of a banal nationalism, and points out the differences that this media process of constructing a Spanish nationality shows compared to non-democratic periods. The article also highlights the existing discrepancies between the ways in which this identity is formed in the sports papers edited in Madrid (centralist) and the ones edited in Barcelona (autonomist). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to analyze how main Spanish talk radio stations are using Twitter. We start from the hypothesis that this application is being underused. To check it, we have conducted a content analysis of the official Twitter accounts of the main 5 talk radio stations during two weeks, from January, 28th to February, 10th, 211. The results of the 342 analyzed messages certify some positive indicators, together with a widespread use of a 2.0 tool with a mentality that, in many aspects, still remains 1.0. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we present some reflections on the application of the technique of content analysis in the study of historical texts in mathematics. This work is based on a study conducted in 2009 on the treatment of the metric system in mathematics texts in Spain in which a selection of texts published in the second half of the nineteen century was analyzed. The study provided the identification of three stages that characterize the texts used for the dissemination of new Spanish weights and measures in the selected period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is based on the results of a research project with the aim of analyzing the content of four TV programs specifically addressed to infants, broadcast by a network of the autonomous community Cataluña. The analysis was aimed at correlating each TV program content with the cognitive competences and age required to watch it. The content analysis was realised using a semi-structured observational grid specifically designed to facilitate data acquisition and statistical analysis. Results show that each programme requires the watching child to have reached a specific cognitive development phase, which can be established by content analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present text aims to be an advance of the general lines of research are being followed for the preparation of the PhD thesis doctoral: The Cultural Legacy of the Roman Villas Tardoantiguas in Castilla and León. The Late Antique Roman villages preserved in Castilla and Leon are depositaries of a rich archaeological and historical patrimony as home to valuable information about Roman society that lived there. This paper aims to provide a systematic and quantitative analysis of the cultural heritage related to these villages, through a method, the analysis of content, not used so far in the area of Archaeology. As a starting point intended to review the different perspectives of analysis of the archaeological surveys conducted on the Hispanic villages, since its variation has been remarkable in recent decades. Then, applying the analysis of content, there will be elaborated a system of indicators, as complete as possible, which aim is to obtain a classification or to provide some key factors for a possible typological definition of the villages that serve to examine how the definition about its spatial and functional organization, its iconographic program, and the presence of luxury materials allow to define the relationship with the social environment of the Late Roman time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, metaresearch is proposed as a tool for review and analysis of scientific publications. This concept refers to the need to critically evaluate and reflect what and how people research as a fundamental strategy of scientific progress. Our interest is situated in the field of the biomedicine and the study of health-illness-care process in foreign immigrants. The objective is to analyse how scientifically relevant questions about this population are selected, constructed and broached. Specifically, we aim to evaluate how ethnocentric/ethnicist and andocentric/sexist biases affect this process and its results. We analyse from a cultural diversity and gender perspective the scientific articles on immigration published from 1984 to 2006 indexed in the Spanish Medical Index-CSIC. In the majority of the articles, the definition of the sanitary and academic significant questions responds to ethnocentric and androcentric visions that strengthen social stereotypes and inequalities. Furthermore, they involve limitations of scientific rigour and validity, with consequences in the sanitary practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper shows a set of techniques designed purpose of graph construction aimed at the apparition of either concepts or issues in a collection of texts. The aim is to analyze graphically the semantic connections that can be found in a selected textual corpus as a complement to the study of the statistical frequency of the different elements. The key contribution of this proposal is the use of network analysis for those items that are statistically connected. The use and range of these techniques are shown through the analysis of a database compiled by J.J. Linz composed by more than 76.000 Spanish newspapers articles on the transition to the democracy, published between 1958 and 1987. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The adaptation to EHEA of the Spanish University involves a wide range of changes in the existing curricula of Documentation. The launch of the new title 'Bachelor in Information and Documentation' implies the implementation of a compulsory subject -the Grade Thesis-oriented to the realization of a research project at the end of the studies, with the objective of introducing the student in basic or applied research about any of the subjects studied along the grade. The object of this paper is to analyze the main themes of the projects developed in the LIS studies of the University of Murcia; and verify their degree of consistency with the subjects of the present curriculum and with the proposed compulsory subjects for the new title; checking whether if, at the end of their studies, the students channelled their activity within the main subjects of the curriculum or whether they directed their research into elective subjects and even into collateral subjects of their curricula. This review provides very valuable information with a view to this launching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]