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The article explores the relationship between gender and cinema as a contribution to the study of representation in the field of social research. First, the basic features of visual culture in the global society are presented keeping in mind the identity and gender mindsets in this general and current context. Second, the historical links between feminisms and cinema are reviewed as well as between studies of gender and cinema, emphasizing on the theoretical perspective of Teresa De Lauretis. Third, it is postulated the use of film in the process of social research from an experience that - based on building an analytical look at the axis cinema / gender / society-pursued the objective of identifying, understanding and explaining the changes in the female identity in Korea from the senses and meanings that cinematic space condenses. This paper concludes highlighting the relevance and productivity of interweaving gender and film studies in the current problematic field of Social Sciences, deeply marked by a diversity of objects / subjects of study and 'new' epistemological, theoretical and methodological approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents an empirical analysis of nonverbal communication and gender in the political arena. Does not part of the base that has a nonverbal speech on oral supremacy, but set an object of study based on nonverbal communication that is capable of providing meaning to oral speech. Is selected for this policy area because it is where there is more preparation discourse, ranging from the floor, through the attire and reaching the gesture. This will be analyzed various audiovisual messages of candidates to the Secretary General of the PSOE, Alfredo Perez Rubalcaba and Carmen Chacon, both alone and in interaction, in order to see if there is any significant change in their discourse on gender and presents the most significant results of this analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Andalusia in e-Equality was one of the projects included within the EQUAL Community Initiative. These projects, through networking of professionals who plan, develop, and evaluate them, sought to promote social innovation, either in the projects' content or in their processes. Networking, a transnational vision of Europe, and promotion of the use of Information and Communications Technology (ICT) were key points around which actions were developed to promote a common culture where equality was the modus operandi of the project. In this paper, we present the development and implementation of a methodology for analysing the content of messages in online discussions that developed in the forums included in the website of the project. The descriptive and qualitative content analysis is performed using an interpretive approach based on a framework of symbolic interactionism and phenomenology. It shows, through practical experience of the Andalucía e-Equal project, the opportunity of using forums as optimal resources for values education. Also tested were variables on the internalization of values and meanings, facilitators for building a culture and a critical view in the analysis of inequality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Organic Law 1/2004, of Measures of Integral Protection against Gender Violence arose from a gender perspective in order to protect and guarantee the rights of women who experience violence by their heterosexual partner. The implementation of this law is given in a predominantly patriarchal institution, generating perverse effects for which further research is needed. The aim of this paper is to understand women's experience about the criminal justice system and analyze the subjection mechanisms of the criminal justice system, and how it constructs women's subjectivities, in order to see its effects and avoid the points of disagreement and the unwanted effects. To carry out the study, the criminal justice system in relation to the LO 1/2004 is understood as a technology of power. To do this we used qualitative methodology to approach the criminal legal environment, namely: 23 sessions of participant observation, in-depth interviews with 17 professionals working with domestic violence, 11 in-depth interviews and a group interview with women who have sued their heterosexual partners of gender violence, analyzed data using as analysis axis the theories about power, subjectivity and gender studies with qualitative analysis software Atlas.ti. The results show the criminal legal institution, and the implementation of the LO 1/2004, as a producer of women's subjectivities and their effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Conflictivity and gender violence in adolescents are worrying social phenomena that require an interdisciplinary approach. With a psychological perspective, this paper aims to explore the genesis of conflict and violence in adolescents relating discourse and self-regulation, and for it analyze psychosocial adjustment-maladjustment, delimits factors such as gender and group membership and detects the themes that guide the actions. It analyzes the discourse (2250 utterances) of 42 boys and girls (14-17 years) debating in groups, a conflictive dilemma gang and other on partner violence. The results show different effects of gender and group on the discursive self-regulatory, as an indicator of psychosocial adjustment, and the influence of socio-cultural setting. Finally, the findings are linked with related disciplines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to rethink the metropolitan spatial practices not only as forms of reproduction, but also as forms of gender social innovation. The spatial analysis will be done on the basis of daily mobility practices in the everyday spatial experience of women in a popular neighborhood of downtown Mexico City. Practices that express ruptures and continuities, and that are not necessarily significant by their persistence, but by their importance in shaping the everyday life and the construction of an urban collective imaginary that occasionally shows increasing quests for breaking the continuity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims at reflecting on the ambiguity of the term violence and its practical use in the field of social sciences. It also exposes its main meanings trying to think about the consequences that choosing any of them entails, debates on the usefulness of the concept given its apparent polysemy and discusses the possibility of accepting a minimum transcultural definition. Finally, it attempts to answer the question about which concept is best suited for use as a research tool in the Colombian political conflict. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The technical artifacts, understood as products or processes built intentionally to represent and modify a particular reality, have been widely analyzed from orthodox perspectives with the objective of classifying and delimiting consensual characteristics that lead to their definition. If we take into account the more accepted characteristics (the functional, material, communicative and aesthetic features) of the artifacts, and also the more heterodox and controversial qualities, as well as their construction from social interactions and uses, we can analyze, from the gender and queer perspectives, how the body also becomes an artifact. These perspectives are social expressions which aimed at including the subjective singularity in our society conception. The bodies, denaturalized in that way as a puzzle of signifiers, are built through interaction processes which imprint in them «other» intentionalities. These intentionalities legitimize the bodies in a socio-cultural way and make them more adaptable to the material reality of our desires. Hegemonically, bodies are scientifically and technologically built to determine, among other things, their production and reproduction. So they are converted into biopolitics and bioethics' artifacts of the sex-gender system. This paper aims at showing what role science and technology play when bodies become artifacts, how these bodies have been historically naturalized and denaturalized from within the sex-gender system, thus affecting identities and society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the interaction between the process of job insecurity in the fishing industry in the 1990s and the sexual division of domestic labor. There are diverse academic studies about the organization of domestic labor among adult household members, especially for heterosexual homes. This work addresses a less explored phenomenon: domestic work of girls and adolescents in their homes of origin. Based on two life histories, we cross experiences that are built around class and gender inequalities that limit the possibilities of upward mobility of young poor girls. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper makes an analysis on the presence of women on corporate boards (Governing Councils) of Spanish cooperative banks during the period 2000-2011, in relation to their economic and financial variables. Therefore, different models are estimated to analyze these relations, as well as the evolution of the trend of women in the councils. This study implies progress in the knowledge of the possible relationships between the presence of women at the top decision-making businesses and corporate management results, thereby leaving the most studied area of large and/or listed companies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The goal of this paper is to examine how Judith Butler's notion of subversion can be applied to a polemical case in gender theory: the appearance of alternative pornography. Firstly, we will reconstruct the main elements of her theory of subversion as it is presented in Gender Trouble. Secondly, we will put into use her theoretical tools to analyze the mentioned case. What we will try to prove in relation to alternative pornography is that this practice was resignified through the appropriation of its methods by those who were traditionally excluded by it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The processes of the liberalization of markets, which have accompanied the recent global economic dynamics, have led to significant changes in the production of commercial crops. These changes have widened the inequality to access resources and income from commercial agriculture between men and women. Some women have organized themselves to respond to this situation and to improve various aspects of their lives. The aim of this paper is to analyse the processes of economic empowerment of rural women in Soni (Tanzania) when facing the mentioned unequal access to the production and distribution of income. These processes arise from the awareness of shared strategic interests. The data have been obtained from documental research and fieldwork, and the subsequent application of qualitative methodology to analyse data in the particular case of a village in the municipality of Soni, District of Lushoto, Northern Tanzania (2006-2009). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the relationship between religious orientation and Meaning in Life, in a sample of 180 Spanish undergraduates (age range 18-55, M = 22.91, SD = 6.71), measured by means of both Spanish versions of the Religious Orientation Scale and the Purpose-In-Life Test, respectively. The starting point is the Batson and Ventis' conception that the Quest orientation is mature and flexible, but the Intrinsic orientation is dogmatic and uncritical. If it is so, the Quest orientation should be related more positively to meaning in life. Our results indicate that the Intrinsic orientation, but not Quest, explains a higher percentage of the variance of the Meaning in Life, confirming the results obtained in previous research. Batson and Ventis' approach is questioned, and it raises the possibility that intrinsic religious convictions are a source of meaning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the female workers' share in the fruit and vegetable labour market in the district of General Pueyrredon, and its articulation with their domestic work, taking into account the characteristics of the workers' households. In this productive space, the transitional female work done in the intensive vegetable crops, which is practiced in the fields and under cover can be proved, as well as in non-traditional fruit crops. Women participate in basic cultural works, especially, in harvesting and selection, conditioning and packing of fruits and vegetables. It is observed how women develop different strategies in order to make both work and family worlds compatible, without disregarding the responsibilities related to the domestic and reproduction duties that determine their possibilities of labour insertion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Certain beliefs on gender relations held by young people in different parts of the country are described and analysed in this paper. Recognising these beliefs makes it possible to identify where there is some flexibility in stereotypical gender relations, and where there is resistance to changing them. Data from the National Youth Survey of 2005 are used to compare different populations of young people: at national level, at the level of the State of Jalisco and in the Metropolitan Zone of Guadalajara (MZG). The population groups were found to be heterogeneous, with a greater flexibility of belief at national level than at the Metropolitan level, where beliefs were more stereotyped. It was also found that beliefs among women were more flexible than those held by men. One of the most significant findings was that a large proportion of young men hold beliefs that are compatible with gender relations tending towards equality. The article includes a discussion of the implications of gender beliefs for power relations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this research paper was to identify some psychological variables and personal identification related to the presence of suicidal ideation according to the gender at a Mexican student university. Participants included 584 students: 52,6% men and 47,4% women. The ap- plied instrument was the scale of Suicidal Ideation Roberts-CES-D, which was reliable and valid in both genders. No significant difference was found between the percentage of suicidal ideation of men (9.4%) and women (11.9%), and the variables that are associated with suicidal ideation in both genders were attempted suicide being a victim of humiliating situations, lack of social support and presence of negative emotion. In addition, men showed academic performance and upsetting experiences in recent months; while amongst women, GPA and discipline had a great impact as well as receiving discipline in an atmosphere of many rules, or environments without rules or punishments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After briefly mentioning some of the most outstanding characteristics of the gender perspective, this work analyzes the deep mutation of human rights in the last few decades, particularly because of the way it has influenced international law. In addition, the latter has become increasingly important and its content increasingly influential to internal laws. then, in an effort to make this phenomenon more understandable, the text develops a proposal that analyzes the structure of legal state organization from Norberto Bobbio's "classical" positivist perspective. After, it explains our current situation and some of its scopes and adds the new legal elements stated in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main goal of this paper is to analyse gender differences in the use of ICT among university students. We present the results of a study about the uses and the perception in relation to ICT in everyday life and in academia. The study is based on a statistical simple of 1042 students from 5 different universities. The results show gender differences, both with respect to use as their perception of technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the results of a qualitative research that explores, from an intergenerational and gender perspective, how the use of audiovisual media influences to personal well-being in adolescence. Three, semi-structured group interviews were used with adolescent girls (aged 12 to 18 years), and two with mothers of boys and girls of those ages. The results show that interpersonal relationships are one of the factors that greatly contribute to the adolescents' wellbeing. Girls said that the use of technology generates personal well-being because it allows them to maintain interpersonal relationships with their peers. The mothers, however, question whether overuse of technology can contribute to their personal well-being. On the other hand, girls and mothers agree to comment that the use of technology hinders the relationships that adolescents have with their parents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This reflective paper tries to summarize the thinking of feminist Seyla Benhabib and show her concern about identity problems, subjectivity, and challenges which the feminist thought must raise. In particular, the challenge of becoming on par with other identity theorists and to enter the contemporary philosophical, moral and political discussion as an equal. Benhabib's theoretical considerations focus on the need to replace the subject of study and paradigms in feminist theories. These theories lead to the fragmentation of human and social groups, while eliminating the possibility of developing a common point of view about the radical transformation of society. The author contends that the unity of the "ego" and the subject matter are important for the feminist theory and practice; that's why it is necessary to establish the identity. To this end, Benhabib weighs the contributions of communitarian theories, postmodern and feminist and tries to combine them in the context of one radical critical theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we analyze the results of an assessment of the current situation of gender violence in different scenarios, in Sonora, Mexico, based on data from the National Survey on the Dynamics of Household Relation-ships (2006). Violence more frequently reported by women was that of community. Mobbing and bullying occur in smaller proportions. The results suggest the need of expanding areas of analysis in Endireh to enhance its ability to identify violence in different settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the most popular and advertised initiatives aimed at young people and children during the Francoist period were the summer camps. They tried to build an ideal society there, with no social classes or nationalisms and with a perfect performance of the gender roles imposed by the Francoist authorities. In this paper I will focus on the official speech and activities addressed to female children and young women in these summer camps, which were specially designed to familiarise them with their future social roles: motherhood and housekeeping. To do so, I will use as an example the ones located in Asturias between 1938 and 1945. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In colonial society of eighteenth-century Buenos Aires, there was a series of women who Traditional historiography has not given their rightful place: working women. This study aims to analyze and re-evaluation of these females, there also arises a series of networks of "gender solidarity" among women in need of help, in which working women had a role. This is taken as the standard source that rose in the city of Buenos Aires in 1744; it throws a lot of information to understand this complex phenomenon. There will be a thorough analysis of all models of working women the pattern shows, from different perspectives. These ladies are a very heterogeneous group, as work motivations are very different: for aggregate found, being slaves, etc. But at the same time is to keep track of paper, which together with the work effort of these played the charity and solidarity and support for female survival at this time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a genealogy of educational and occupational aspirations, based on the desires of two generations of rural children of Ayacucho. Taking the region's recent turbulent and violent history into account, and other recent structural social changes, the research shows how the aspirations change between both generations, paying special attention to gender differences. Terciary education becomes the most wanted future, while peasant activities almost disappear from desired future lives; in addition, in poorer households girls keep higher aspirations than their male peers. Despite all this, hard evidence shows that tertiary education is rarely reached in Ayacucho, and women still have less opportunity to access and finish secondary and tertiary education. Therefore, this genealogy of desires not only should be seen as a social construction, but also as an expression of voice and agency, where social hierarchies are questioned. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent Spanish law and regulations have turned gender balance on Boards of Directors into a necessary element to manage in companies. The aim of this paper is to identify the stakeholders demanding such gender balance to companies, according to the Methodology of Mitchell et al. (1997) and Agle et al. (1999). The results sugest the shareholders are the most important group, so it seems that the financial goals continue being a priority. But we also observe that the Government is perceived as a very important stakeholder. Despite managers acknowledge the Government has a lot of power, its importance is explained by urgency and legitimacy attributes. This fact makes us doubting about the effectiveness of any development of a compulsory law, beyond the current one. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During last years we are attending to a social change of important dimensions, which certain specialists have called the women social rise. In this context, gender studies have tackled this phenomenon, because it represents a break with social assignments of space, valid during a long period of time. However, men's world hasn't tackled by these studies until recently, when social sciences begin wonder: What is happening to men? The intention of this paper is to board that masculine reality, starting from the existing theory of masculinities and throughout a focus group as a technique of sociological research, with the intention of locating in the social space new potential fearful masculinities faced with new sceneries of uncertainty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the daily work with university students about gender theme topics, his paper presents the youth share ideas and thoughts that arise from these proposals of postmodernism and gender theory. The premise is the adultcentrism idea about youth is in a process of loss of values (patriarchal) and emancipation from traditional gender constructions. Rather, the findings suggest a reconceptualization of patriarchal values to the sponsorship of postmodern elements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Any discussion of obesity in the domain of health and beauty takes on a perspective with negative consequences for corpulent women. Overweight women are discriminated against, along with traditional sexism. Five related questions are discussed by analyzing on-line newspapers and personal blogs: different ways women are discriminated against in employment, the contexts of discrimination, the arguments used for legitimating that rejection, the arguments used by women in answer, and the differences in rejection of corpulent women and men. This rejection is articulated in a culture of segregation at work and a set of strategies intended to normalize discrimination. This paper attempts to specify the discourses of discrimination in the workplace, open the question to public debate, and stimulate thought about affirmative proactive measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present paper, feminist ethnography was used as investigation methodology to analyze different gender models for the alcoian society, with special emphasis on their position within the prestige and power pyramid of the Moors and Christian Festivity. This analysis improves on the existing knowledge of the reasons for the social conflict in which the alcoian society has been immersed during the last thirteen years when Nuria Martínez became the first woman with rights in the up-to then masculine alcoian rite. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the main theoretical and empirical arguments that have been brought to bear around the relationship between city and gender . Central points are laid out on a feminist critique of the city, as well as the main empirical studies documenting the diverse experiences of women as a group in urban life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a discursive analysis of gender representations on women in La Voz del Interior, the newspaper of the city of Córdoba, in some issues published during two socio-political compared periods, the brief democratic period 1973-1976 and the period of the military dictatorship of 1976-1983. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this work is to explore the ideals of body and behavior among adult women of our new Peruvian middle class attending a gym. It suggests that the ideals of bodies developed in this place are in closely related to traditional notions of gender roles of our society. But, at the same time, emphasizes the fact that they, not only try to have a body in accordance to social expectation, but also to interact or make friends, and to experience a variety of emotions in performing aerobic activity itself. Finally, the paper explores the meaning that these women give to their experience at the gym. Not only does this experience get them closer to the ideal body, fixed by the social standards of femininity, but the experience turns into an opportunity to discuss and remake those models of femininity, and assert their own discourses of identity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper intends to show, based on two cases --one taken from past history and another from recent history, both examples of racial and sex segregation--, how theoretical advances and academic efforts that have been made to overcome and, if possible, eliminate those evils from sociocultural world, are still far from being real. This is evidenced by most daily news showing events of exclusion and repudiation of the other, behavior visible both in civilized world and in countries in which moral and material progress still advance with shy steps. This exercise, and the analysis of the presented cases, want to show how the problem of racial and sex segregation is expressed. For sustaining those reviews, revisions of central concepts of analysis, the other, exclusion and gender, were made. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article focuses on mestizaje in the colonization of Hispaniola, especially in relation with Nicolás de Ovando's settlements (1501-1503). From a Colonial Studies perspective, this paper seeks to dialogue with recent research in archaeological Contact Studies that have focused on the problem of gender. The analysis from mestizaje allows us to think of Hispaniola as a gender and race contact zone in the frame of the relations of power and domination imposed by Spanish conquest. Through the discursive analysis of the Instructions that the Crown sent to Ovando and a reading of the myth of Guahayona as recorded by Ramón Pané in his Relación de las antigüedades de los indios (1498), I analyze the role of gender relations in the establishment of the colonial power relation in order to open new reflections on the central place of gender in the processes of colonial subordination that follow this initial stage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to approach from a variationist point of view a specific type of discursive markers in spoken Spanish in Santiago de Chile: interrogative markers of contact control. For this purpose, we identified the particles that perform that function in a sample of 54 interviews that make up the PRESEEA Sociolinguistic Corpus in Santiago, Chile were. On the one hand, we analyzed the behavior of such markers in the variety of Chilean Spanish indicated above and, on the other hand, we established their distribution in a socially stratified sample of Santiago speakers. For the study of these particles, we applied Briz (2001), Martin Zorraquino and Portolés (1999) and Portolés (2001) concepts and classifications of discourse markers, and the suggestions of Cortes (1988) for quantitative analysis. The analysis considered the «interrogative marker of contact control» as a sociolinguistic variable with one or more values or variants (markers). Consequently, socio-demographic factors were correlated with the subjects' use of such markers. Thus, based on the functional-pragmatic commutability of the discourse markers found in the interviews we carried out a quantitative analysis according to the variables age, sex, gender and educational level of the interviewees. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper concepts and theories related to gender identity are reviewed. We subsequently discuss different approaches to treatment and conception of what's known as Gender Indentity Disorders. Some experts, professionals and transgender associations agree in considering transsexualism as a mental disorder. Others consider it a Sex Differentiation Disorder, while others demand depathologization of the foretold Gender Identity Disorder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses gender research in urban public space through three different perspectives: the social representations and differentiated uses of space, the division of roles in public and private spaces, and urban planning of public space. The paper gathers and analyses some studies that complement the state of art and literature on women and space giving evidence on how women have been segregated from public space and are victim of gender inequalities. Public space does not exist absolutely nor gender; instead both are socially constructed by social order and reproduced by social practices. Finally, some suggestions for urban planning and research are given in order to respond women's needs in public space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is a reflection about the discrimination we exert through language in different cultures. Most of the time, we do not realise of that situation because many of these linguistic facts seem to be normal for us due to, among many other reasons, the acceptance of the grammar rules. There are some references to the differences of usage of daily words and their connotations, and some suggestions are given in order to change the usage of certain structures to make language more inclusive. Finally, there is an invitation to think over the possibility of change of attitude to finish with such expressions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we assess the impact on socioeconomic conditions, quality of life and empowerment of women who were beneficiaries of credit programs aimed at women’s productive projects. These projects were developed between 2000 and 2003 by four federal agencies (Sedesol, CDI'INI, Fonaes y SRa) in the states of Tabasco, Campeche and Quintana Roo in Mexico. Likewise, we examine the opportunities for individual, family and community development of the women involved in these projects. We identified the operating characteristics of these programs in order to identifies deficiencies in their performance and suggest viable alternatives for a better implementation and a higher social impact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper discusses three recent trends in the business world: the presence of greater numbers of women in this activity, the formation of organizations to support their work and the construction of a new profile of women entrepreneurs. I will question about how the increase of women in business has not been reflected in a greater position of them in the direction of the traditional sector organizations. However, it detects a tendency to seek and incorporate non-governmental organizations to support their work with gender claim. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Composite indicators capable of summarizing a large and complex information such as the one in the well-being field, has become a tool with a great potential for the evaluation and management of public policies. Given the limitations in the construction of well-being indicators which include a gender perspective, this paper proposes the use of a new methodology for constructing a measurement. We propose new linear programming models to improve the traditional DEA models. For the practical implementation of this proposal we take the countries of the European Union as an example. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Efforts to curtail discrimination against women have traditionally been couched in terms of rights. Although these efforts often lead to improvements in women's equality and living conditions, they do not suffice to deconstruct the structural grounds of gender discrimination in western societies. This paper propounds that we should redefine gender relations through a new model of citizenship. It proposes that we elaborate a model of citizenship that does not rest on the myth of (male) independence, but assumes instead human beings' interdependent and relational nature. It proposes that we move from a model of citizenship towards a model of caringzenship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent times, poverty analyses and policies against poverty have incorporated women as a relevant factor. Nevertheless, some criticisms have been raised against them: first, most of the time, they have relied on an instrumental perspective which does not guarantee better conditions of gender equity; second, poverty analyses have generally become reactive tools that seek to compensate for a current situation, not to prevent it from occurring in the future. This paper therefore proposes to go beyond poverty analyses to identify distinctive features of households derived from social constructions that have an effect on vulnerability, particularly in households headed by women. We point out the importance of an analysis from a gender perspective in order to identify the features which make households more vulnerable to suffering or worsening their conditions of poverty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drawing on Amartya Sen's theoretical insights, this paper analyzes indigenous women's poverty in the Sierra Negra, Puebla, as well as their development capacity resulting from their participation in the "Sociedad de Productores Indígenas Ecológicos Sierra Negra Sociedad Civil" (SPIESN, S. C.). Data was collected using a quanti-qualitative approach: a survey, eight in-depth interviews, three participatory workshops and field participant observation were conducted. Results indicate that women value literacy, own-income generation, and land ownership. However, they also face structural limitations when attempting to develop capacities in these areas. Their participation in the organization has given positive results to this effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, the word sex and its related terms (sexual differences, sexual roles and stereotypes), so common not long ago, seems to have been replaced by gender and its related terms (gender differences, gender roles and stereotypes). We can sometimes find both sex and gender sharing the same space in scientific articles, although referring to different domains. In this paper, I try to explain the need for a model that can integrate both of these complex domains of sex and gender, leading to two independent, although complementary, disciplines: Sexology and Genderology. In both cases, I start from a functional standpoint, which will give meaning to both disciplines' specificities, as it is meant to link contributions from different fields of knowledge. This approach can have consequences for research, education, the experience of women, men, and ambiguous individuals, and therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gender violence is one of the major issues that society faces. During the last few years, important legislative and interventional changes have been carried out, in order to adapt to the specific nature of this type of crime. Because of the increase in the number of men that have been convicted of gender violence, and taking into account their general characteristics (in most of the cases it is their first crime), penal law offers an opportunity for intervention. One of the most novel measures imposed by the judges for these types of crimes is that, instead of giving jail sentences, they sentence the offenders to attend psychological treatment programs that deal with gender violence. This paper describes the experience with the application of a psycho-social intervention program with a gender perspective. We analyze the sample's sociodemographic profile, and, in order to evaluate the program, we also use scales that measure gender ideology, beliefs about intimate relationships, and attitudes towards gender violence. Results showed that it is important to support and promote the intervention with this type of offender as a way to prevent new episodes of gender violence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Usually, the second digital gap is being developed from a theoretical perspective of limited extent that would be able to enrich with reflections on the technological innovation within the framework of gender studies. This work announces such reflections, emphasizing his application to the field of the social communication through a gaze on the conflict science-technology-woman where they carry out a key role difference notions, identity, equality, representation and culture. Our specific objective is to explore possibilities of joint social and theory of the communication, the gender and the limits of the technological appropriation, of the technological dissemination and the e-inclusion in the Information Society, as well as the paper of the sexual discrimination as a trait not only inevitable, but constitutive of the implementation process of new technologies of the communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The profusion of papers about HIV/AIDS is opposite to those that relate the experience of living with HIV. Since the pandemic began, women population was implicated in the progress of the pandemic process, even with risk to be taken ill or to spread the disease. Pregnancy is a privilege public health object given special rules and programmes, that leaved outside their expediencies. This work explores, applying qualitative methodology, that experience and opens bridges for comprehension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on data on a very wide spectrum of behavior, attitudes and stereotypes through which gender discrimination manifests itself, this paper introduces and sketches in broad strokes the current situation of gender equality and gender violence in elementary and secondary schools in Mexico. The sample included 395 public elementary and secondary schools nation. wide; questionnaires were applied to 26 319 boys and girls. Among the most important findings are that: a) two thirds of the boys and the girls reported having been physically assaulted in the last two years; b) 6.3% of the boys and girls said spontaneously that the first thing they would change about their school would be to reduce violence, and c) that psychological aggression has the highest incidence and is directed towards both boys and girls, but has a greater effect on the latter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gender performativity is one of the core concepts of Judith Butler's work. In this paper Butler re-examines the concept of performativity and gives an account of how she became interested in the notion of precarity. Butler considers precarity as a politically induced condition in which certain populations become exposed to injury, violence and displacement. In addition, those who are exposed to precarity are also at risk of not qualifying as subjects of recognition. The author asks how is it possible to "claim a right" for those subjects who do not have the right to claim any rights, or how one must follow certain rules before attempting to change them. These issues constantly come up in the social construction of the nation-states. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]