Search

Objective/Context: The article seeks to analyze the problematic and paradoxical normative-administrative translation of the paradigm of human rights in Argentina's current migration policies. The study of this case is of particular interest, on the one hand, because Argentina has been and is the leading Mercosur country receiving migrations in the past decades, and, on the other hand, because its migratory management model, inaugurated in 2004 with the sanction of the Law of Migrations 25871, even if it finds itself based around the human rights approach, coexists with an emphasized tendency towards securitization and control. Methodology: The investigation that supports this article is qualitative: the main ideas and conclusions have been extracted from the study of laws, decrees, regulations, reports, and resolutions emitted by different national and international public agencies, also from the comparison and contrast with secondary bibliography. Conclusions: The advancement of the securitarian approach on migration, centered more on control than regulation, together with the lack of normative and administrative adaptation of the different state agencies in the guaranty of rights recognized as universal, explain the ineffectiveness of the human rights paradigm in critical areas such as being the documentary regularization policy and the access to universal rights. Originality: The article seeks to deepen the analysis of Argentina's migration policies, focusing on the different supra, intra, and counter-state levels involved in its implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study proposes a methodology using OpenAlex (OA) for tracking Open Access publications in the case of Argentina, a country where a self-archiving mandate has been in effect since 2013 (Law 26.899, 2013). A sample of 167,240 papers by researchers from the Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) was created and analyzed using statistical techniques. We estimate that OA is able to capture between 85-93% of authors for all disciplines, with the exception of Social Sciences and Humanities, where it only reaches an estimated 47%. The availability of papers in Open Access was calculated to be 41% for the period 1953-2021 and 46% when considering exclusively the post-law period (2014-2021). In both periods, gold Open Access made up the most common route. When comparing equal periods post and pre-law, we observed that the upward trend of gold Open Access was pre-existing to the legislation and the availability of closed articles in repositories increased by 5% to what is estimated based on existing trends. However, while the green route has had a positive evolution, it has been the publication in gold journals that has boosted access to Argentine production more rapidly. We concluded that the OA-based methodology, piloted here for the first time, is viable for tracking Open Access in Argentina since it yields percentages similar to other national and international studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, the gender agenda has permeated all policy areas and has gained relevance through the constant work of organisations that have succeeded in making issues and challenges visible. This paper examines the interaction between international politics and the gender agenda in Argentina during the presidency of Alberto Fernández (2019-2023). Based on a triangulation of information gathered from interviews, official documents, and news reports, the paper aims to analyse, in the context of recent foreign policy, what kind of decisions are linked to the gender agenda, and at the same time, what international projection the gender policies implemented at the local level have. We propose that the gender agenda has opened up a space in Argentine foreign policy in a short period and that it has done so mainly based on the country’s trajectory in the international sphere linked to human rights and the discussion of inequalities in the world. The creation of the Ministry of Women, Gender and Diversity has been crucial, projecting the country into global gender debates in an institutionalised way. Although concrete policies are developing in some cases, the agendas in this dual track demonstrate that these profound social demands have come to the state to stay. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyzes various intellectual practices tied to the use of public and private documents in the practice of history in Argentina over the second half of the nineteenth century. Starting from the "question of limits," this essay analyzes the work of bibliophiles Manuel Ricardo Trelles and Juan Martín Leguizamón, both of whom tried to historically reconstruct the territorial unity of Argentina. it shows how this work lies at the crossroads of antiquarian studies, History, and Natural History. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on China's multilevel engagement strategy in Latin America and the Caribbean, this paper seeks to investigate Argentina's subnational strategies towards the Asian giant in terms of energy transition in two areas: the production of renewable energies and the production of lithium as a storage medium. The perspectives of asymmetric interdependence and structuralism are used to explain the pattern of links between the two countries; and studies of paradiplomacy are used to understand the international actions of Argentina's provinces. The analysis focuses on energy initiatives between 2014 and 2023, using a qualitative methodology with case studies. The initial argument maintains that the development of clean energy is a complementary interest between the Argentine provinces and China, as the Asian country builds its leadership in the field of energy transition, and the provinces diversify their local production matrices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper addresses the linguistics column that Juan B. Selva published in the pedagogical journal La Obra between 1923 and 1927, with the aim of examining both the criteria of authority regarding linguistic knowledge, as well as the ideological assessments and attitudes expressed by the author in relation to the linguistic phenomena he describes. The analysis of the column (which was published in a context in which Argentina was witnessing the institutionalization of linguistics and the expansion of debates on language in the press) allows us to corroborate the centrality of normative issues, a characteristic feature of the genre. However, it also reveals the emergence of a discourse that rejects prescriptive positions and, instead, seeks scientific explanations for the linguistic phenomena it records. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this article is to analyze the forms that organizational hybridity assumes in subnational state-owned enterprises in Argentina --specifically, in those at the provincial level--; as well as the characteristics of the relations with the owner state and the national state, as a basis for the study of their interjurisdictional governance. The paper is based on a comparative analysis of four cases of provincial state-owned enterprise, using primary and secondary sources. Among other aspects, it is highlighted that the orientation of the companies analyzed includes a relevant presence of their public mission, although coexisting with varying degrees of commercial objectives. Likewise, the link with the owner state is mostly hierarchical, without ignoring different levels of managerial autonomy. Finally, the predominant relations with the national state are generally characterized by cooperation, usually in terms of the implementation of public policies, which reinforces the centrality of the companies' public mission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The workshop ""Imagining what's next". Reflections upon genders and sexualities, writing and editorial practices", held by teachers of the Philosophy and Literature Faculty's Prison Outreach Program of the University of Buenos Aires, was an experience of re-entry and reconstruction of the pedagogical territory of the Ezeiza University Center of the IV Federal Penitentiary Complex, in Argentina, after the pandemic years' hardships. It is therefore worthwhile to observe, systematize and conceptualize the resources and strategies that teachers and students alike deployed as part of the process of re-engaging within the classroom. It is our purpose to contribute to the study on the literary, intimate, academic, political, and affective mechanisms that make up the field of pedagogical territories in prison. We approached several scenes and texts produced in this framework from the three disciplines that made up the workshop. We sought to explore the power of writing, editorial and pedagogical practices to counteract prison logics and create ways of repairing the damage inflicted on incarcerated persons. Thus, the community-building processes and the recourse to pleasure and desire as practices of resistance appear as guiding lines of the workshop we analyze in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study is an exploratory review about teaching practices at Argentinean public universities published between 2010 and 2019. The sample was constituted by 20 papers. The methodology was qualitative based on content analysis in three axes: work methodology, teaching practices description and characterization of the public university. The results showed a predominance of qualitative methodology, in particular of narrative approach. The aim of studies was teaching practices themselves in most of the papers, followed by directly related issues and, finally, in a few papers teaching practices were part of the aim of the study. Almost all of the papers collected data on public universities, but only a small number included the analysis of the university context in their studies. The results are discussed based on the particularities of university education in the local context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The increased volatility of commodity prices caused by the entry of financial investors within the framework of so-called financialization, makes macroeconomic management more complex, especially for economies with a high incidence of primary products in their international trade. The purpose of this paper is to measure the exposure to export price risk for the Argentine case during the 1993-2018 period. The Value at Risk (VaR), typically used in finance, is employed in a novel way to design an export portfolio of commodities that operate daily in international markets. Among the main results is that 2.90% of the total exported is exposed to a monthly price risk from 2004 to 2018 in Argentina compared to 1.73% registered between 1993 and 2003. This indicator contributes to the design of fiscal rules that allow planning expenses based on structural income in contexts of high volatility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Argentina, after the 2001 crisis, there was high economic growth, which resulted, among other improvements, in a significant decrease in the proportion of poor households in the 2001-2010 intercensal period - measured by the indicator of unsatisfied basic needs (UBN). The aim of this paper is to analyze the incidence of UBN on different types of households - using the variable "household types", composed of thirteen household types - as well as the changes in the relative share of each household type during the sharp decline in UBN between the 2001 and 2010 census years. To account for spatial inequality in the concentration of households and poverty in the territory, the variables are disaggregated at the provincial level and by districts/departments/communes. The results obtained show the importance of considering changes in the composition of household types in the analysis of the incidence of poverty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Within the framework of the PISAC COVID 19 project “State capacities in a post-pandemic local agenda”, this paper aims to present a status of the state of the capacities of argentine local governments prior to the pandemic. Specifically, it focuses on bureaucratic capacities, the so-called management capacities and those that we have provision capacities of public services that address the availability of services and the actors in charge of provision. Likewise, and based on the combination of the different state capacities analyzed, four typical profiles were built that cover different groups of municipalities. They could be a starting point for thinking about differential and specific lines of action for each type of local government. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Some of the most intense thunderstorms in the world take place in central and northern Argentina, and their start and development is strongly influenced by the orography of the Andes and sierras de Coórdoba. These thunderstorms are associated with the occurrence of severe weather phenomena that generate important material damages and economic loss in rural and urban areas. The aim of this paper was to do the observational study of the spatial and temporal distribution of different severe weather phenomena, in particular, hail, intense rain and strong winds with gusts. Most of these events took place between the evening and midnight, and also between late Spring and early Summer. At the same time, while studying the occurrence of hail, it was found that its density of accumulation decreased as its diameter increased. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Territorial inequality associated with the location of population and activities, access to infrastructure and services, employment and material living conditions, is a historical reality in Latin America. This phenomenon has accompanied the demands of successive development models, and since the mid-twentieth century it has begun to be recognised in its full complexity with the installation of developmentalist governments. As a result, various public policies were adopted that failed to have a significant impact on these inequalities or to address their social consequences. Given the need to reformulate approaches, optimise resources and overcome obstacles in the implementation of public policies, this paper seeks to analyse the policies on the government agenda in Argentina from the change of management materialized at the end of 2019, identifying the limitations, achievements and potentialities of the policies proposed in Argentina, Brazil and Mexico and their effects on territorial inequality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the last decades, Latin America experienced sustained growth in its trade with Asia. In the case of Argentina, the trade balance accounts for the significant weight of Asia Pacific in exports: China and India consolidated themselves as Argentina’s 2nd and 4th export destination in 2021. In the case of Beijing, which is consecrated as the second trading partner, Argentina has maintained a deficit balance since 2008. In this context, the growing link with other Asian countries with which it also shares a high economic complementarity, allows the design of a more balanced insertion strategy in Asia Pacific. In this way, the negative balances are offset by the trade surpluses that Argentina maintains with countries in the region such as Vietnam (3,220 million dollars), Indonesia (1,862 million) and India (4,293) million) (UN COMTRADE, 2022). Regarding the latter, bilateral trade recorded a record high in 2021, reaching a total of 5,686 million dollars (UN COMTRADE, 2022). At the same time, bilateral political-diplomatic relations are experiencing increasing development, establishing as both emerging Asian Strategic Associations from the 21st century, which project ties in the long term and expand the spheres of cooperation. This paper will analyze the main characteristics of Argentina’s political ties and trade relations with China and India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article seeks to analyze the social and political polarization in recent Argentina started by 2008 during an intense conflict between agrarian business associations and the national government led by Cristina Fernandez. It is supposed that the dispute between these actors produced a new political position-takings within the people, changes in their electoral behaviors as well as in the political parties. During this confrontation, that paralyzed the country for almost five months, two poles with opposite meaning and symbols were configured. One of them mainly represented by the government, the other by a wideopposing sector. Based on this characterization, this article tries to describe and understand how this conflict produced significant social mobilization, fostered new cultural frames to decode politics, and polarized the political field. To accomplish this objective, first, the basic dimensions and bases of the struggle will be highlighted. Then, the paper will focus on the scalating process, paying attention to the interaction between the principal actors and the increasing people's involvement, taking to the organization of two binary poles with different narratives. Finally, the de-scalating process will be examined in the light of the "Ley de Retenciones y Creación del Fondo de Redistribución Social" passed by the National Legislature. The paper is based on different second-hand sources -as national newspapers, mass media, and presidential speeches. A corpus of 450 pieces of news was mobilized to reconstruct the main keys to the conflict. From that write sources to maked a corpus of 450 notes in which to work for making the principal conflicts keys. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is much debate around whether labor informality reflects situations of exclusion or whether it constitutes a valuable alternative for those who work in this sector. This paper contributes to the discussion by comparing the characteristics of those who move from the formal to the informal sector with the characteristics of those who remain in formal sector jobs during the 1995-2019 period in Argentina. Multinomial choice models are used for this purpose. The influence of such movements on the variation of wages is also evaluated. Both sets of evidence reveal that the positions in the informal sector, taken as a whole, do not seem to constitute a desirable destination for those who work in the formal sector. However, there is also evidence of heterogeneity in the informal sector, since the profile of those who move to one of its segments -that of employers- is consistent with the idea of voluntariness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the ways practitioners of Soka Buddhism in the Metropolitan Area of Buenos Aires conceive and evaluate gender and the (re)production of its stereotypes within spiritual practice. Between 2018 and 2020, multiple interviews and participant observations were conducted in various ethnographic foci, where we found that the organization and dynamics of Soka are criticized depending on how the paradoxical effects of equality and difference (re)produced by the institution are evaluated. There is a tension between the affirmation of equality --conducive to the autonomy of women-- and the traditional categories used to achieve it. Differences that reaffirm gender stereotypes are criticized, but the containment provided in exclusively female spaces to address specific problems is valued. The various perspectives that coexist among practitioners on gender debates constitute another manifestation of pluralism within the practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Women are a fundamental historical subject of the Galician overseas migrations, being Argentina the most important American destination, where hundreds of thousands lived, worked, and preserved their culture and transmitted it. However, migratory studies have tended to invisibilize their specific dynamics and experiences as they were traditionally seeing either as mere companions of their countrymen or part of a family reunification phenomena. This misrepresentation complicated the understanding of their reality giving rise to stereotypes and to the undervaluation of their role in the migration process. Therefore, it is necessary to advance in the study of their individual as well as collective realities and experiences to make visible the changes in their daily lives, to which emigration could have given rise. This paper explores the potential that a series of sources considered "emigration literature" in the twentieth century have to that end, including biographies, autobiographies and fictional autobiographies, collective books of testimonies, essays, stories based on real experiences, among other sources that fall under what is called "migration literature." [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simultaneous localized solar radiation monitoring in different broadband spectral ranges has several important advantages over isolated measurements for both basic and applied research. Its integration into a network under standardized protocols has, in turn, worthy benefits including the possibility to characterize geographically the solar radiation levels in large regions. Recently, an integrated UV-Total solar irradiance monitoring network has been deployed in Argentina in 8 stations with new instruments, measurement sites, and protocols into the frame of the Saver-Net project (Japan, Argentina, and Chile) carried out during the period 2013-2018. The network is managed by the Argentine Servicio Meteorológico Nacional (SMN) and Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas para la Defensa (CITEDEF - UNIDEF). In this paper, the structure, capability and several initial achievements of the Argentine UV-Total solar irradiance monitoring network are described with the aim to make these databases available to the scientific community for their broad use in basic and applied research. In addition, the irradiance characterization at each monitoring node of the network is presented. Extreme values over 1000 Wm' 1 2 of Total solar irradiance, 60 Wm-2 of UVA solar irradiance and UV Index of 9 are registered even in the southernmost stations, with their consequent signification for the practical applications of the solar energy and health implications such as the risk to cause erythema. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper studies the relationship between youth and politics in Argentina by analyzing the characteristics, meanings and tensions that have shaped the production of youth and their political rights during recent years. Qualitative methods were used in this investigation. Documentary sources are analyzed regarding two legislative proposals: the so-called "youth vote" law passed in 2012, which enabled optional voting from the age of 16, and a National Youth Law, which was approved only by the lower chamber in 2015 and then lost its parliamentary status. The paper addresses main issues on the field of youth studies: tensions and modalities on the production of youth, the legitimization of certain forms of youth participation and the conceptions of youth in the public debates regarding these two legislative initiatives. The study provided an important opportunity to advance in the understanding -based on the analysis of the Argentine case-, of a process that is characterized, on one hand, by a context were youth political mobilization had an impact on the perceptions of Latin American governments who implemented policies for the extension of rights. On the other hand, by a set of initiatives that placed youth issues on the public agenda from a rights-based perspective. Additionally, it also offers important insights to the study of changes and continuities after governmental change in 2015. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective/Context: The internal capability of state agencies is a necessary condition and predicts their strategic capacity to achieve long-term industrial development goals. The paper characterizes the Ministry of Industry of Argentine (2009-2015) in order to see the extent to which its hierarchization was reflected in the variation of its capabilities, which are corroborated in two fundamental dimensions: a) public spending, and b) the availability of personnel and their quality. Methodology: The research is qualitative. Official documents (budget laws, financial management reports, and reports from public administration personnel) were examined, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 officials of different hierarchies within the organization, and the Bureaucratic Flexibility Index was applied to account for the behavior of the variables associated with the analysed dimensions. Conclusions: Evidences suggests a hierarchization process with a hollowing out of the state agency that is expressed by the low level of spending and the fact it has the smaller and more flexible staff structure (high level of staff mobility) of the national public administration. Originality: The paper provides robust variables and empirical references that inform central attributes of state structures in peripheral contexts. In particular, it tests the usefulness of the Bureaucratic Flexibility Index that captures the degree of staff retention and the accumulation of expertise of the agencies. The Index can be replicated in comparative studies in other national and sub-national contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studies the arguments and mobilization strategies used by the pro-life movement in Argentina on Instagram during the debates about the legalization of abortion in 2018. To analyse these strategies, we compiled a corpus, which includes the images published over eleven months by the two accounts of the pro-life associations with most followers on Instagram. The analysis combines two methods: visual content analysis and multimodal critical discourse analysis. Results show that these accounts used different mobilization repertoires (Unidad provida aimed at mobilizing the supporters even at a local level, while Unidos por las dos vidas wanted to persuade the followers, impact them, and stigmatize women). Nevertheless, both accounts converged in the use of the historical argumentation and persuasion strategies of the anti-abortion movement in Argentina, adapting them to the specific affordances of Instagram, without substantially modifying their content. In addition, on occasions, they also constructed visual and textual counterarguments opposed to those of the pro-choice movement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper empirically analyzes the incidence of productive diversification on regional performance in Argentina between 2008 and 2018. Assuming that spillovers between productive activities requires proximity in the knowledge base, a distinction is made between related and unrelated productive diversification, which are estimated using entropy indicators. Econometric estimations are performed to explain the dynamics of employment and wages (as proxy for productivity) by the levels of related and unrelated regional diversification. Findings suggest that related diversification has a positive impact on employment and wage dynamics at the regional level, while unrelated diversification contributes to maintaining regional employment during macroeconomic contractions. No empirical evidence is found supporting that general purpose technology (such as mechanical engineering and ICTs) enhances the effects of related diversification on regional performance. It is observed, however, that the software sector enables the presence of externalities between technologically distant activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the relationship between Maoism and psychiatry in the work of the Argentine psychiatrist Gregorio Bermann (1894-1972). As a result of the cultural diplomacy deployed by the People's Republic of China since 1949 and of specific institutional networks, the author produced knowledge regarding China, its practices and institutions of mental health as an expert-traveler. Those works were a dissemination of the "mass science" promoted by this country, applied to the field of psychiatry, though not without tensions. The relevance that China had for rethinking psychiatric practice in the case studied is evaluated, and it is argued that Gregorio Bermann's interest in largescale psychiatry and the international political commitment that he held were decisive in it. Lastly, this article studies the spaces where those works circulated and shows the variety of existing knowledge regarding China based on the political positions that were held towards it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper develops Brazilian geographer Bernardo Mançano Fernandes’ notion of “socio-territorial movements” as an analytical category for social movements that have as their central objective the appropriation of space in pursuit of their political project. It does so by contrasting the concept of socio-territorial movement to those of social movement and sociospatial movement, and proposing four axes of analysis for socio-territorial movements: strategy, identity, political sociability and institutions. These axes are considered across three case studies: the MST in Brazil; an urban social movement from North-West Argentina called the “Tupac Amaru Neighborhood Organization”; and the 2011 “Occupy” movement in London. In conclusion, we discuss some key differences between the movements studied, and consider the limits to a socio-territorial analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective/Context: To advance in the conceptualization of the Statebourgeoisie relationship, the paper returns to a classic debate in the Marxist tradition on the capitalist State. Methodology: In methodological terms, we carry out a critical analysis of the works of Ralph Miliband and Nicos Poulantzas --especially on the distinction of class power and State power, relative autonomy and State intervention in the economy-- and we revisit the criticism of John Holloway. With this, we seek to understand the relationship between State and bourgeoisie, to explain the economic and political crisis of the forms of the capital relationship in Argentina, in 1998-2001. Conclusions: We conclude that there is a crisis of a specific form of State intervention in the economy, based on the expansion of market discipline, and, with it, both State power and capital power erodes. Originality: The article analyzes the Miliband-Poulantzas debate and, based on this, builds an explanation of the Argentinean crisis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relationship between climate and tourism has implications at all spatial scales. Yet the climatic sensitivity of tourism varies according to place-specific tourism types in which it takes place and activity type. Therefore, from comfort approach, the climatic features of destination are an important resource for planning. This paper evaluates the climate comfort of Argentina as an intangible resource for tourism. The analysis builds on spatial modelling of the Tourism Climate Index (TCI), calculated for 69 weather stations uniformly distributed throughout the country. The mean annual TCI in Argentina is 73, indicating "very good" climatic-tourist comfort conditions for tourism. However, the spatial distribution of the index exhibits a maximum diagonal band and two mirror regions defined by decreasing scores towards NE and SW. This is attributed to the spatial distribution of the sub-indices conforming the TCI. Daily thermal comfort and wind speed negatively influence Patagonia, while in Litoral, they counterbalance the high amounts of precipitation. These findings show the importance and interest of considering the climate as a strategic resource in national tourism planning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The elderly are part of a society defined by technology acceleration, communication and information. These transformations happen at a rapid pace, making a big impact in the life of senior citizens. Our premise is to consider older people as active subjects in full exercise of their rights, to whom digital inclusion is also a part of social inclusion. The objective of this paper is, on the one hand, to carry out a content analysis of the policies implemented in Argentina regarding digital inclusion, including: level of coverage and survey of possible existing gaps. On the other hand, data from a national survey on access to resources and use of information and communication technologies by the elderly are analyzed. The conclusions show that there are significant gaps in both access to resources and frequency of use. Regarding national public policies on the subject, we observed that the pandemic showed that there was no strategic plan for the achievement of a policy of inclusion of the elderly in the new technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At the end of the 90s, one of the so-called Truth Trials was held in Bahía Blanca, Argentina. Within this context, Lieutenant Colonel Julián Oscar Corres became the first active Argentine military officer to give judicial testimony following the laws and decrees that prevented criminal prosecution of those responsible for the human rights violations committed between 1976 and 1983. This paper analyzes the disputes and conflicts that occurred around the participation of Corres in this trial with the aim of contributing to the understanding of the social and political processes that intervened in the construction of the figure of the perpetrators of crimes during State terrorism in Argentina. To carry out this research, we worked with a qualitative analysis methodology based on different audiovisual and journalistic sources and in-depth interviews to judicial operators and surviving witnesses who participated as witnesses in the Bahia Blanca Truth Trial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For some years now, China has been investing in mega infrastructure and natural resource projects in Latin America, and in Argentina in particular. These investments share the «north-south» characteristics that Argentina, as a dependent economy, has had over the years as a recipient of foreign investment. In addition to the multiple consequences that this type of relationship has in economic matters, they play a fundamental role in political ecology at the international level. The aim of this paper is to reflect on the environmental consequences of the relations between China and Argentina from the cases of land grabbing presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to reconstruct the positions about sports of the Trotskyist newspapers Prensa Obrera and Politica Obrera of Argentina between 1995 and 2020, both belonging to two groups of militants who dispute control of the Partido Obrero. Emphasis will be placed on possible continuities and ruptures, as well as on the dialogue of these positions with the contributions of Marxism in the social sciences to think about sports phenomena. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and aims: Respiratory diseases, such as asthma, rhinitis and allergies, are increasing worldwide, in association with a greater presence of different etiological triggers in the air, from which pollen is one of the most important. These evidences show the importance of monitoring airborne pollen concentrations for preventive or possible control purposes. This paper reports the incidence and prevalence of airborne pollen content as well as the allergenic pollen types present in the air of Sunchales city (Santa Fe, Argentina) during two study periods (August - November 2012, August - December 2013) aiming to present a preliminary pollen monitoring for the city. M&M: The samples were collected with a Burkard trap located 1.3 m above the ground with a suction volume of 0.6 m3 h-1. The entire slide was analyzed with an optical microscope at 400x final magnification. The daily concentration (gr m-3) was determined for the recognized pollen types. Pollen recognition and their allergenicity were determined with specialized literature. Results & Conclusions: Compared to other cities in the country, species richness is high, although the daily concentration for the period analyzed is low. The majority of the captured pollen (about 70%) corresponds to only four pollen types (Cupressaceae, Moraceae, Poaceae and Urticaceae) reported in the literature as allergens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the aftermath of the financial crisis that broke out in 2008, new terms to talk about sustainable development started to emerge: the "green" economy and "green" growth. Some countries supported their usage and others did not. The literature witnessed the recrudescence of the debate on the relationship between economic activity and taking care of the environment, divided into three stances: degrowth advocates, "green" growth backers, and the growth-agnostics. This paper dives into the different "green" terms, paying special attention to the case of Argentina. Unlike in previous papers, which have analyzed country interventions in international forums, the methodology here was to search the web pages of the most relevant local players. The most traditional terms ("sustainable development") were strongly predominant, and the concepts of "green" economy or "green" growth were few and far between. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Throughout the last 15 years, Colombian migrations experimented a massive geographical expansion without precedents. Within Latin America, Argentina stands out as the main destination, and therefore, the main objective of this paper is to analyze the origins and evolution of Colombian migrations to Argentina. Resorting to statistical and ethnographical elements, the paper shows the new migratory patterns of Colombian population to Argentina, even though the current migratory trend towards this country is descending. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Argentina is a country with deep territorial inequalities, as a result of the dynamics of capitalist accumulation. The location of activities, population, infrastructure and services shows a historically rooted heterogeneity, corresponding with the territorial occupation logic that was consolidated throughout the different developmental models. This paper revisits the concepts of urban concentration, primacy and macrocephaly, and then compares them with the processes of production of territory, of territorial concentration around the country's central area, and of urban primacy and macrocephaly of Greater Buenos Aires, which, together with Greater Rosario and Greater Córdoba, concentrates more than 40% of the Argentinian population. The plans and projects of public policies that intended and intend to change the territorial heterogeneity and inequality are revised under the premise that there are limits within the current system and political project. Although important transformations have been accomplished in recent years, including institutionalising urban and spatial planning, the achievements have been limited, and they have not managed to substantially modify the situation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to analyze a particular policy of conditional transfer of income: Universal Assignment for Child for Social Protection (UCASP), implemented in Argentina in 2009 by the then President Cristina Fernández de Kirchner, through the Decree of Need and Urgency N.º 1602/09, as a non-contributory subsystem within the Family Allowances Regime instituted by Law N.º 24,714 and under the jurisdiction of the National Social Security Administration (ANSES). The study, methodologically based on the documentary analysis, is structured around a series of axes that are essential to examine the AUHPS, among them: the regional antecedents, the context prior to its emergence, the normative juridical aspects that support it, the subjects of law, the considerations and debates of feminism and the pejorative view of the most reactionary conservative sectors that demonstrate against this type of social policy that tends to equate in rights to the sons and daughters of formal workers both with those of informal workers as with those of those who are circumstantially unemployed [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Argentina, the export sector has historically been an alternative to develop the domestic economy, and/or a channel to access new markets and generate complementarities within the productive structure. Since the beginning of the 21st century, given the transformations in the world trading system, exports not only have represented between a fifth and a quarter of GDP, but they have also been a fundamental determinant of long-term growth, increasing the inflow of foreign currency and contracting the external restriction. In this paper, we demonstrate that in 2014 and 2015 the Program of Increase and Diversification of Exports (PADEx, for its acronym in Spanish) was a public policy tool, in response to the fall of the sales of goods abroad. We study the case because it is a program designed with informed criteria, and in which different agencies of the state participated, whose results were not as projected. The PADEx is useful to reflect on the limitations of the export promotion policies and their effectiveness, especially in the case of short-term scenarios, with macroeconomic problems --such as external, fiscal and relative price imbalances--, and when fiscal and monetary policies, previously fixed, are oriented to other goals. Our study is structured from the analysis of the stages of construction and development of public policy, based on official statistics and documentation related to program issued by different state agencies. First, we make a diagnosis about the export situation, that is, we examine the context in which the PADEx was built. Second, we explain its planning and implementation processes between 2014 and 2015. Third, we carry out an ex post evaluation according to known results. Finally, we propose a reflection on the limitations of public policies to promote exports in Argentina. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is part of a broader research project focused on analyzing rockshelters and shallow caves located in different regions and geological contexts in Argentina. The main goal is to evaluate patterns and peculiarities in the development of their morphologies and stratigraphies from a geoarchaeological perspective. These sites provide restricted environments with particular dynamics that form, evolve, fill up, and collapse in many different ways that need to be studied at a regional scale to interpret the archaeological and taphonomic records they contain. In one same area, these geoforms can be found at different steps of evolution; but the velocity of this change process, as well as their characteristics, are poorly known for different regions of the country. Thus, 24 case studies, located in different areas, are analyzed in this contribution to start evaluating patterns and recurring processes. So far, some interesting regularities have been observed, regarding the sites themselves (morphologies, types, and dimensions) as well as their sedimentary deposits (characteristics and chronologies). The preliminary results obtained, begin to offer useful information for their archaeological and taphonomic interpretation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the modalities of organization and the collective demands made in recent years by the indigenous population of the Metropolitan Region of Buenos Aires (Argentina). In order to do so, it addresses the process of participation of the new ethnic leaderships in local government through the case of the La Coordinación de Pueblos Originarios de Almirante Brown. The paper explores the strategies, the underlying logic, and the decisions that contributed to the processes of ethnopolitical participation in the structure of the contemporary Argentina state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes an approach to a dimension of the practices of State terrorism in Argentina: torture in the concentration camps. More specifically, about the torture suffered by women during their captivity. For this, we analyze the experience of four political activists, kidnapped in the province of Entre Ríos. The text reviews three distinct moments, the before, during and after State terrorism. Each one of them allows, without deflating the magnitude of what happened, understanding how the objective structures of the State are modified to exterminate the reduced groups to a negativized otherness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the mid-1990s extensive agriculture using irrigation has grown rapidly in Argentina. Where farming on dry land was traditionally carried out, technological change has created a new waterscape: "irrigated land." To understand the creation of this conceptual category and how it is anchored in a specific production model, in this paper I contextualize the spread of mechanized irrigation in the north of the province of Buenos Aires by examining the main public policies that intervene in this territorial transformation: the Competitive Improvement Plan of the Seed Cluster, the National Irrigation Plan, and the management of groundwater for productive irrigation. Integrating contributions from Political Ecology and Science and Technology Studies, I argue that the exploitation of groundwater for irrigation implies the privatization of a resource that remains invisible. "Irrigated land" contains two of the fundamental resources for food production that, jointly, resignify each other. Water acquires productive meaning as a commodity to which it is feasible to assign a monetary value, and becomes privatized de facto at the moment of its productive consumption; while the land - thanks to water - is valorized economically by allowing for new exploitation alternatives with higher profit margins. Thus, water acts as the "lubricant" that reinforces the accumulation process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to analyze the dynamics between collective bargaining and labour conflict during the period 2003-2015 in Argentina, considering the tensions that this dynamic assumed as a way to institutionalize labor conflict. In particular, we show that the link between collective bargaining and labour conflict have been marked by the integration of labour conflict to the processes of collective bargaining and the pressure of grassroots workers' organization on union leaders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the behavior of inequality in the distribution of family income under the different macroeconomic regimes in force during the last four decades in Argentina. It also evaluates the factors explaining the changes thereof. This work examines the hypothesis that during the said decades an inequality matrix associated with a persistent structural heterogeneity in the social-occupational systems would have been established, even though if there was a context of active distributive policies. To prove this hypothesis, a model is developed to decompose the Gini coefficient, distinguishing the income contribution to the family-income inequality by different economic sectors. The information is gathered by using the Household Permanent Survey of the Argentinian National Institute for Statistics and Census, specifically, the one applied to the Great Buenos Aires as it was the only one having complete information for the study term. The findings reveal that the highest distributive inequality is explained with a higher inequity in labor earnings, higher concentration of income by the most upgraded economic sectors and the impoverishment of the low-productivity sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper has a double purpose. First, It is evaluated and conceptualized the changes in the mode of operation of the external constraint to growth in Argentina since 1976. It is concluded that the internationalization of the Argentine economy since 1976 and particularly since 1989 transformed the mode of operation of the external constraint and, as result, modifyied the dynamics of the expansive and recessive phases. Secondly, it is proposed to analyze the phase of stagnation and tendency towards the crisis that the Argentine economy has been going through since 2012 in the light of these transformations. It is aimed that the recessive dynamic is characterized by a context of global pressure to restructuring that sterilizes the adjustment mechanism without restructuring by means of devaluation and recession, characteristic of the recessive dynamics of the '50s and' 60s, and the attempts to disconnect between the national market and the world market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper standardizes Chilean salaries between 1886 and 1928 to a Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) format that allows comparison with salaries in Argentina, Uruguay and Brazil during the same period. With this, it is possible to identify the level and trajectory of Chilean salaries vis-à-vis their counterparts in the Southern Cone of Latin America. In addition, it attempts to identify the impact that salary performance could have had on the most identifiable episodes of labor conflict, such as the constitution of Chile as a relatively attractive place for the immigration of European workers. The results show unequivocally that the economic growth of Chile until 1914 was not accompanied by the emergence of a favorable environment for Chilean workers or for the settlement of immigrant workers in relation to Uruguay, Argentina and even Brazil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the correlation between the presence and the number of elderly people in households and the labor supply of men and women between 18 and 54 years old, using data from the Argentina Permanent Household Survey for an extended period. Does the presence of elderly people alter the labor participation of men and women at central ages? It is proposed that this is so and that the correlation direction correlation will depend on the contribution they make to the home, or the demand for care they generate. Through the application of traditional multivariate models, it was found that the presence and the number of elderly people in the household is negatively related to the labor participation of men and women at central ages, and, in some cases, it relates positively with the participation of women. The effects on working hours are more elusive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we work about the sense that the concept of inclusion acquired as a guiding principle of educational policies in the context of progressive governments 2003-2010 in Argentina, Uruguay and Brasil. We describe and analyze some educational policy programs aimed at educational inclusion in those countries based on theoretical contributions and political perspectives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyzes the Argentinan parliamentary opposition in legal reform debates between 2009 and 2010, that searched to extend rights concerning to communicative and sexual citizenship in that country. From analysis of interventions in the Congress' voting sessions, the paper proposes two categories to describe strategies of displacement of the parliamentary opposition: displacements by procedures flaws and displacements by political feuds. Both categories group discursive operations that question the democratic institutions based on external factors, displace the object of legislative debate and seek the annulment of parliamentary debate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective/context: The article analyzes the organizational process and execution of the IX Mar del Plata International Film Festival of 1968. It outlines the objectives that General Juan Carlos Onganía's dictatorship pursued with this festival, which had, until 1968, been organized by private entities. The tensions that arose between the government alliance and cinematographic groups is also discussed. Originality: Until now, historiography has emphasized the strong cultural repression of the Onganía dictatorship. Without denying this perspective, the analysis of this selective opening experience at the film festival brings to the fore new perspectives on how dictatorships used cultural and media policies as an internal consensus building strategy and as a tactic to legitimize the government internationally. Conversely, the cultural arena is seen as a territory for political disputes within the framework of authoritarian governments. Methodology: The research was conducted mainly from the analysis of multiple printed publications of the time. Conclusions: This paper proposes understanding this cultural experience as a process aimed at improving the image of the government abroad through cinematography. However, this attempt by the dictatorship failed because, from the moment that the strategy was launched, the festival became politicized and it was transformed into a terrain of disputes between different factions within the government as well as between the government and the world of cinema. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]