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Forewarning of a persuasive attempt has been found to reduce persuasion because people tend to resist being manipulated. Likewise, messages that are high in ambiguity tend to be less persuasive than messages that are clear, among other reasons, because people prefer information that is easy to be processed. The present research postulates that these two variables (persuasive attempt forewarning and message ambiguity) can result paradoxically persuasive when combined together. Participants of the present experiment received a message composed by images that were presented in a logic (low ambiguity) or in a random order (high ambiguity). Furthermore, the message was said to be a commercial advertisement (with persuasive attempt) or a neutral narrative (without persuasive attempt). As predicted, it was found that the highly ambiguous message was more persuasive when it was presented as an advertisement (with persuasive attempt) rather than as a narrative context (without persuasive attempt). Knowing that the message constitutes a persuasive attempt (ad) could bias the generation of thoughts to interpret that informatio n in a positive manner (consonant with the direction of the arguments supposedly contained in the ad), leading to more attitude change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this article is to present a classification of the tropes which are present in the advertising language. Our purpose is not to offer a list of all the tropes, instead we will try to give examples of those which appear in the economic printing press in France, Romania and Spain. We will also intend to reveal the argumentative schemes which occur in the transmitting/receiving process of the tropes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]