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This paper discusses the Digital Creative City project in Guadalajara, Jalisco. The text focuses on the political context in which various actors and institutions have intervened in the crystallization of this urban project. The case is significant in sofa as you see a complex interaction of actors and institutions in the implementation of a city project. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Secuencia: Revista de Historia y Ciencias Sociales is the property of Instituto de Investigaciones - Dr. Jose M. Luis Mora and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Revista Internacional de Ciencias Sociales Interdisciplinares is the property of Common Ground Research Networks and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Investigaciones Feministas is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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This paper analyses the efforts to combat gender-based violence in Spain since the passing of Law 1/2004. This is the applicable legal framework in the fight against gender-based violence (GBV). Based on the official data on the complaints and on the victims of genderbased violence, an empirical analysis was carried out to assess whether the public policies implemented by the Spanish government in the fight against gender-based violence have been effective. The results indicate that, even though Spain is one of the most advanced countries in this area, 15 years after Law 1/2004 was passed, the legal actions contained in it are still insufficient for the eradication of genderbased and domestic violence. The paper concludes with a series of recommendations to broaden the debate on the fight against genderbased violence in Spain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Tram[p]as de la Comunicación y la Cultura is the property of Universidad Nacional de La Plata and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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In recent years, an ecosystem aimed at boosting Social Economy (SE) through the creation of different tools designed to tackle the different needs that the creation and consolidation of organisations within this sector require, has been consolidating in Galicia. The Eusumo Network, legally established by Decree 225/2012 of 27 November 2012, stands out among this group of measures. The main objective of this paper is to analyse the role the Eusumo Network has played since its creation, as well as to consider its impact on the development and expansion of an ecosystem which favours the consolidation of SE in Galicia. In order to do this, this paper comprises two different parts: in the first one, our study is contextualised within the framework of the development of the public policies involved in the promotion of SE in Spain, and then the Eusumo Network is described. This description includes Eusumo's main objectives, the activities carried out to boost their achievement, the organisations that take part in the Network and the coordination process between them. This part ends with the analysis of the financial aid allocated to the Network and to the organisations that make it up, within the context of contemporary public policies that support SE. The second part of the paper focuses on the results obtained by the Network in the last eight years, paying special attention to its impact on SE public policies in Galicia and, in particular, on the creation of an ecosystem favourable to the consolidation of SE in this region. Finally, the main conclusions and recommendations drawn from our study are summarised. The study follows a descriptive and evaluative approach. To do this, a quantitative analysis of the data and indicators obtained from different sources has been carried out, namely: the activity reports of the different units responsible for SE in Galicia in the last years and the execution report of the Eusumo Network; the historical records of public procurement in Galicia; the statistical data provided by the official records of cooperatives and the budget allocation of the autonomous government before and after the creation of Eusumo. The results of the study show, in the first place, that the Eusumo Network has fulfilled the aims set in the decree of its creation, which focused on contributing to the promotion and dissemination of SE in Galicia, with particular attention to entrepreneurship and to the creation and consolidation of employment. In 2018 The Network included two hundred and six organisations, which show their commitment to cooperatives and SE. Besides, the Network has become highly influential, since its members include the most representative associations of SE; most city councils in Galicia; the three Galician universities; two of the four provincial councils, and all the Chambers of Commerce in the region. The number of participants in the dissemination activities of the Network has continued to grow since its creation. Furthermore, the percentages of new cooperatives (243 %) and of direct cooperative employment (158 %) stand out among these data. These results show an increasing effectiveness, in view of the most relevant direct results. As for the improvement of the ecosystem, and therefore of its indirect results, the Network Eusumo has contributed to the passing of various legislation, measures and resources that support and favour Galician SE. The first one was Law 6/2016, of 4 May, of Social Economy in Galicia (LSEGA), which made Galicia the first region with specific legislation on this subject matter. Secondly, the Galician SE Strategy, passed in December 2018, with an allocation of 73 million euros. In addition, the Laboratories to Support the Creation of Employment of Organizations of Social Economy (POCTEC LACES) should be mentioned. This is a European programme intended to foster the creation and consolidation of SE organisations in the Euroregion (Galicia-North of Portugal). In 2019, Galicia was acknowledged as a European Social Economy Region (ESER 2019) by the European Commission. Finally, the analysis of the budgets that the Galician regional government (Xunta) invests in boosting SE, which have continued to increase since 2013, evinces an upward trend since the birth of the Eusumo Network. Specifically, they have increased from 11.49 euros million in 2013 to 20.10 in 2019, growing an average of 12.21% per year. This study shows the direct and indirect contribution of public policies aimed at boosting SE, paying special attention to those labelled as advanced policies or hard model, which are characterised by their budgetary effort and by the diversity and innovation in the measures that they carry out. It also shows that long term public policies, such as the Eusumo Network, can contribute to improving and developing an ecosystem that boosts the area on which they are implemented. In the case of SE, it acts as a booster to set up other measures, affecting directly the improvement of budgetary policies in this issue. In addition, this paper puts forward some suggestions for the functioning and future development of the Eusumo Network, contributing to its strengthening and helping to its continuation in time. Therefore, its contribution is twofold: (1) the Eusumo Network is identified as a public policy that favours the promotion of SE and (2) a group of six measures to improve its efficiency and efficacy, as well as, indirectly, the existing ecosystem, are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the role of the State in Argentina in the last three decades, based on oil policies, in order to understand its different transformations. The 90s were characterized by an abrupt referential change in the role of the state but especially in the productive and regulatory capacity on hydrocarbons. Despite of the neoliberal paradigm crisis on the beginning of the new millennium, energy policies on hydrocarbons still maintained the previous referential sector strategies. From the analysis of documentary sources and quantitative data, this paper aims to demonstrate how oil policy remains managed by market forces despite the fact that 51 % of Yacimientos Petrolíferos Fiscales (YPF) shares were purchased by the State. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Indiana (03418642) is the property of Ibero-Amerikanisches Institut, Preussischer Kulturbesitz and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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In Cuba, the treatment of vulnerabilities in the population takes on a new tone in the current conditions. To address this social phenomenon, it is necessary to implement a methodological tool of proven effectiveness worldwide, such as the multidimensional measurement of poverty. This paper aims to explain the characteristics of multidimensional poverty measurement as a tool for improving government attention to vulnerabilities from public policies. The proposal of an Observatory as a way to achieve this task. Among the results of the work are: the elaboration of an instrument for the registration of socioeconomic information in the homes of the municipality, the formation of capacities in institutions and the municipal government, the development of a mobile application and a computer software for capturing, transmission, processing and dissemination of data collected at home. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The community-based modality is consolidating as a way of organizing tourism in rural areas, although its conceptualization and implementation is diverse. The State has a relevant role in the promotion, planning and extension of tour-ism in a territory. For this reason, we are interested in analyzing how the notions of community tourism are constructed -and regulated- from public policies based on regulatory frameworks. Thus, this paper analyzes the course of the institutionalization of community tourism in Argentina based on its existing national and provincial legislation. As a result, we observe a diversity of ways to define rural tourism and the participation of communities based on what is meant by rural tourism and which sectors of the communities are involved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The goal of this paper is to analyze Colombian public policies (laws) related to the intervention on the interdomestic violence (IDV), starting for the conceptions of function and the meaning of domestic violence. The first section contains a critical review on legislation (public policies) about IDV, more importantly in the national ambit of Colombia: law 294 of 1996 of the IDV law (reformed for the law 575 of 2000), and law 1257 of 2008, from which several laws have developed regarding sensitization, prevention and sanction of different ways of violence and discrimination against women; the penal code and the penal procedure are reformed, and law 294 of 1996 and other dispositions are dictated. This public policies are reviewed critically, with the final purpose of identifying the more common features that prevent or make an approach of the violent phenomenon more difficult. In this sense, as weaknesses of the public policies that exist in Colombia for the intervention on the IDV, it is found that: 1.- state actions (public policies) imply the traditional conception that violence equals aggression; 2.- it is necessary and possible to eradicate the violence from the family ties. 3.- derived from the above, a sanction and penal emphasis are made as the best way to eradicate IDV ; 4.- it is considered that the principal victim f this phenomenon it is the women, whence, in the public politics it is predominant the conception of a single gender, both in its conception and in its intervention; 5.- the conciliation processes are used as the best mechanism for supervision of the IDV, and finally, 6.- in public politics it is first the informative perspective, characterized for show a traditional conception of violence through psychosocial interventions, trainings and educational material; it concludes, in this section, that the understanding, explanation and intervention of the violent phenomenon has been dominated for a traditional conception of violence that, matching it with aggression or pretending its eradication, sustains the public politics strategies in the intervention of IDV of Colombia. In the second part f this paper work, and with the finality of showing the implication of the way that is conceived the violence present in the characteristics of the public politics here addressed is conceived the family as a composite system for elements of symbolic character that are articulated each from certain structure principles; said principles are: incompleteness of the system, lack of identity of the elements, covariance of the elements and dynamism of the system. The above offers the basis for pointing the possible consequences of the law, that, as a public policies promote a particular way of contextualize and intervene IDV and allow to analyze the implications of the public policies from a renewed way of understanding the function and the sense of the violent phenomenon inside the family. This implications allow to consider: the consequences about public policies and its impact on IDV the compare violence and aggression, the impossibility of eradicate the IDV, it is considered that the penal sanction is insufficient in the IDV intervention, the consequences of the primacy of the perspective of a single gender in public policies on IDV, it is reflected that the conciliation processes do not allow to understand the complex role played by the IDV, and finally, it is considered necessary to overcome the merely informative perspective on the IDV; At the same time, alternatives are outlined that could overcome these weaknesses. It is concluded that the way in which IDV has been conceived and the intervention that has derived from it, has made it difficult to understand the function and meaning of violence within family ties and has prevented more efficient interventions within the family. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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