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This paper presents a methodology for solving secondary distribution systems planning problem as a mixed integer linear programming problem (MILP). The algorithm takes into account several design issues such as the capacity and location of distribution transformers and secondary feeders. Variable costs of secondary feeders are also considered. The problem is solved using branch and bound algorithm. Numerical results show that the mathematical model and the solution technique are effective for this kind of problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Cuban forests have suffered an indiscriminate exploitation in the past. In spite of the efforts carried out with the reforestation plans and the establishment of plantations, the structure for ages of these plantations are unbalanced. It is difficult to make a stable flow of goods and services. In this paper the evolution of a model of forest planning based on multiple approaches is presented. It was applied to a plantation of Pinus caribaea of the Integral Forest Enterprice of "Pinar del Río" in Cuba, with the main goal of achieving a balanced structure of ages at the end of the planning horizon in order to guarantee a stability in the flow of goods and services taking into account the area restrictions and the general amount and management. The model goes from a Linear Lexicographical Goal Programming Model to a Linear Fractional Goal Programming Model. Their objectives have been in progress in the attainment of a structure of ages in balance until the stabilization of the net carbon fixed by the plantation. It is one of the functions of the forests like possible regulators of the climate. The models I and II detailed can be consulted in the references. In these work we will refer to the main proposed objectives and the results obtained in each of them and we will formalize the third modelización that includes the captured carbon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]