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Equity in education is socially desirable because of the relevance of education for the development of people. Therefore, it is interesting to study whether the allocation of spending on education takes into account this aspect. Since the concept of fairness is not univocal, it is necessary to define a position. Here, it is assumed that there is educational equity if equality exists in educational outcomes. Thus, the purpose of the paper is to examine whether the distribution of educational spending among the districts of the Province of Buenos Aires, Argentina, is equitable. The hypothesis that it is not, is proposed. The Gini coefficient and an Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression are used to verify this hypothesis. It was found that the distribution of funds depends directly on the degree of illiteracy among districts, but also there is evidence that is independent of poverty, dropout rate, percentage of enrollment in the initial levels and the proportion of establishments classified as unfavorable. Then, it is concluded that the educational expenses distribution is not governed, or it is only done very weakly, by the principle of equity in the paper considered. That is, empirical evidence verifies the proposed hypothesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this paper is to analyze how the process of the production of space is configured in the 'Nuevo Amanecer' settlement in the city of Santa Rosa (La Pampa). It is a form of popular urban habitat resulting from poverty, where a group of families work in brick kilns recycle elements from sanitary landfills and do household activities intended for consumption. For that purpose, some concepts from Henri Lefebvre's (1974) theory of space production are taken into account which two dimensions of spatial practice conceived by David Harvey (1998) - 'appropriation of space' and 'control/domination of space'. In this sense, emphasis will be placed on the factors that influenced the shaping of the settlement and the actions taken by the Municipality against the occupation of public lands reserved for installation of sanitary equipment. In this regard, we propose the existence of tension between the neighbours' practices/representations and those conceived from the State, making differential territorialities come into conflict. The methodology used in the paper combines non-participant observation, in-depth interviews with key informants, structured questionnaires and informal conversations with the neighbours of the place. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the concerns which have led to the new wave of studies on populism in Argentina, focusing more on the debate surrounding the establishment of a new institutional framework typical of the 1980s than on the proliferation of 21st-century popular governments in South America. The typical characteristics and problems encountered in these studies are explained, and the defining features of the populist experience in 20th-century Argentina are analyzed by drawing comparisons with other populist processes in the region. Finally, the paper analyzes how certain features persist in the new political order, while others have gone through complete transformations since it was established in 1983. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is aimed at studying the psychological demand in the primary health care centers of La Plata city hall and their relationship with the therapeutic strategies. Some questions about the introducing way of the symptom in this contemporary time have emerged and led us to review the discussion on the so-called "new symptoms" within the psychoanalytic field. Thus, a problem arises from an empirical finding: a notorious increase of the psychological demand in the public sphere both in the municipality health centers and the psychopathology and mental health offices of the hospitals. From the bibliographical exegesis and the case-histories analysis some issues on the care provision are pointed out as they involve unselected and diverse consultations. In this sense, some of the answers the psychoanalysis has offered to its social practice will be studied and thereby make us wonder on the necessary twists to set a device that regards the institution policies but keeping the ethics and theoretical-clinical grounds of the psychoanalysis itself. We can only situate the singularity that the psychoanalytic practice demands if we inquire on and displace the generalizations. A practice that should regard the history-case as unique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to assess the impact of minimum wages on employment quality and the likelihood of transition between jobs of varying quality in both medium and large enterprises and the public sector in Argentina. So far there are no studies with a similar objective in our country. The analysis was developed from data from the Permanent Household Survey using the method of differences in differences. The results indicate that increased minimum wages decreases transitions to quality jobs mainly among informal workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents an experience carried out within the curricular activity "Introduction to Mechanical Engineering" of the Faculty of Sciences, Engineering and Statistics of the National University of Rosario, Argentina. This subject propose a workshop as pedagogical framework, emphasizing practical training in the context of current Latin American policies which aim to strength engineering education. In this context, the realization of an integrative final project was proposed, with the aim to introduce students to the resolution of open engineering problems, simulating a simple mechanical system in a block programming environment. From an exploratory case study with mixed methodology, the article presentsan analysis of this pilot experience, delving into the ways in which participants approached the proposed problem and identifying issues arising from the construction of the simulation. The results showed the achievement of the workshop goals and the potential of programming to strengthen the skills linked to practical teaching. On the other hand, the improvement of other aspects such as group work, together with self-learning, introduce initial changes in students' problem-solving habits. In summary, the experience provides evidence on the potential of the workshop modality to include technologies within the practical training of future engineers, allowing the development of different skills highlighted by current university policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The methodological integration of different values in relation to the ecosystem services (ES) is a methodological challenge to be solved. This paper aims at integrating market and cultural values associated with the ES which can be found in the Mar Chiquito Biosphere reserve in the southeast of the province of Buenos Aires. This methodological approach allowed us to identify and assess the local benefits of the wetland, and to detect that they are equal to the budgetary allocation in social services such as health care, education, and the promotion of tourism of the homonymous municipality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents an exploratory study that analyzes the speeches media on the territorialisation of the episodes of violence in schools, in La Plata, Argentina, in the period 1993-2011. Given the characteristics of the object of inquiry the methodological approach was qualitative and the information is analyzed in the framework of the educational discourse analysis. Among the results, we observed that in the presentation of the episodes are delimited territorial boundaries and symbolic that associate the acts of violence in the school space differently. We conclude that the territorialisation form part of a stigmatization dynamic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper seeks to present and to make visible a form of citizen insecurity that has not been deeply analyzed: That which occurs in public transport. Although this kind of violence is a spatial and socioeconomic constraint that limits access to goods, services, activities and opportunities offered by cities to both women and men, it has among women different effects, considering their perceptions and experiences as two dimensions of insecurity. This article explores insecurity as a problem in public transport based on differences between insecurity perception and effective victimization of users (women and men) in the Metropolitan Area of Buenos Aires (amba), and then focusing on women's mobility strategies. The evidence is part of the "Ella se mueve segura" strategy, conducted in three Latin-American cities simultaneously: Buenos Aires, Quito and Santiago de Chile. The objective is to show insecurity on public transport as a gender restriction and as a form of violence that especially affects women (sexual harassment), contributing to the denaturalization of daily behaviors that sustain inequalities in urban space and transportation, and therefore, in rights in the city. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of non-conventional hydrocarbons in the United States has generated a revolution in the oil industry worldwide. Then, other countries begin to explore their resources. The Neuquen and the Golfo San Jorge basins, and more recently the Austral Magallanes basin in Argentina have seen since the decade of 2010 the disembarkation of the activity in their territories. The latter are transformed economically, socially and environmentally due to the new dynamics that are installed. This paper seeks to analyze the main transformations in Argentine cities close to the non-conventional hydrocarbons activity. For this, we worked with primary sources, based on interviews with qualified informants and secondary sources, mainly bibliographic and press material. It is observed that the Neuquina basin, pioneer in the development of the activity, goes through the major transformations in its territory, mainly in the city of Añelo. In contrast, the incipient explorations in the territories of the Golfo San Jorge and the Austral Magallanes basins still do not generate important changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Energy policy, like any other public policy, requires the powers of the government to devise precise and coordinated provisions to efficiently manage a strategic sector. Every country adopts its own energy policy based on factors like resource endowment, macroeconomic policy, the regulatory framework, and its own vision of the relationship between the state and market in a given field, to name a few factors. This paper analyzes energy policy in twenty-first century Argentina, considering its most notable peculiarities, how it has changed and remained the same, and the principal challenges looming ahead. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Argentina is the most sued country in the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID) and one of the most Bilateral Investment Treaties (BITs) signed (58 in total, 55 into force). Most of these lawsuits were filed by transnational corporations (TNCs) by the 2001-2002 crisis and linked to economic sectors related to natural resources. 20% of these claims are related to the drinking water and sanitation, which also makes Argentina in the country that has received claims in ICSID this sector. These are cases of social conflict and where the role of the state is evident as a regulator against the claim of protection of private property by TNCs, which highlights a legal asymmetry that favors the protection of investments on the protection of rights humans, particularly the human right to water recognized by the UN in 2010. Taking the Argentine case as a witness, this paper will present an asymmetry that violates the most basic foundations of international law, highlighting the need to revise the international investment protection regime and its relevance to the human rights obligations erga omnes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to assess the impact of minimum wages on employment quality and the likelihood of transition between jobs of varying quality in both medium and large enterprises and the public sector in Argentina. So far there are no studies with a similar objective in our country. The analysis was developed from data from the Permanent Household Survey using the method of differences in differences. The results indicate that increased minimum wages decreases transitions to quality jobs mainly among informal workers. El objetivo de este artículo es evaluar el impacto del salario mínimo sobre la calidad del empleo y sobre la probabilidad de transición entre puestos de trabajo de distinta calidad tanto en las medianas y grandes empresas como en el sector público de Argentina. Hasta el momento no existen estudios con un objetivo similar en nuestro país. El análisis se desarrolla a partir de los datos de la Encuesta Permanente de Hogares utilizando el método de diferencias en diferencias. Los resultados indican que el incremento del salario mínimo disminuye las transiciones hacia empleos de calidad principalmente entre los asalariados informales. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"Zanja de Alsina" (Alsina´s trench) (1876-1879) was a milestone in the border dynamics with the autonomous indigenous groups of Pampa and Patagonia. Its establishment was the initial action that led to the transformation of the frontier world into a rural one, integrated with global capitalist dynamics. This trench - 3 m wide x 2 m depth - was conceived and projected from the Ministry of War and Marine Affairs established in Buenos Aires). The trench was planned to have an ideal extension of 600 km but only 400 km were made. In this paper, and from an interdisciplinary approach, we will present the first results of the analyses carried out through satellite images, historical cartography and information provided by an archaeological work in order to locate the aforementioned trench as well as the adjacent military settlements (Machado, Alsina and Alvear - located in the northeastern part of the Pampas). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Neuquén province, important oilfields, gas and mining sites are located. Although hydrocarbons remain central as part of economic development, nowadays the mining industry became a strong business vector, as it happens in the rest of Argentina. In this respect, the exploitation of the underground resources is an attribution that the State of Neuquén grants to individuals and it has been regulated by laws and administrative provisions, none of which recognizes the right to the previous consultation to the Mapuche communities who live within the exploited territories. The consequence of this situation is an increasing number of conflicts between the communities and the State of Neuquén as province, in different areas of the territory where the extractive activities try to advance. The particular case that is analyzed in this paper refers to a conflict in which a Mapuche community resisted the settlement of a mining corporation of Chinese origin in their territories. Even though the project was finally dismissed in the middle of a legal controversy after a provincial referendum that rejected this development, a whole process of conflicts and disputes between local actors took place. For some of them the project meant "the beginning of a new dignified life with a job" whereas for others the project was synonymous with "invasion, destruction and pollution". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

William Bulfin published his "Tales of the Pampas" in The Southern Cross until they were translated into Spanish by Alejandro Patrick Clancy in 1997. In his tales, Bulfin regained the "communal nostalgia" speech, which encouraged in the Irish the need to create a strong and closed community that could protect them against external dangers and maintain the existing ties with their homeland. In order to preserve the Irish identity, and with the firm conviction that the mother tongue strengthens the identity ties, the author made use of plain English, and so he exemplified the language used by the Irish immigrants to live and grow in Argentina. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the strategies used by Bulfin to "translate" the Irish culture into a powerful selective tradition through an ideologically coherent discourse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Changes in Argentinean right wing-nationalist political discourse of the sixties can only be explained in relation to the international Cold War-context. Thus, some fundamental concepts of Argentine nationalist political tradition were altered by the ups and downs of the international agenda. Because of this, this paper intends to trace the transformations of the nationalist political program, starting with the discursive mutations of the ideas of "Hispanism" and "Revolution". Hence, this renewed revolutionary program -even when related to inherited ideological elements of previous nationalist generations- was reinterpreted in light of new Cold War-meanings of the concept of Revolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents an anthropological approach to a group of black women of the city of Santa Fe (Argentina). The aim is to describe some of the thoughts and actions undertaken by them to make public the historical connection between sectors of the popular classes of Santa Fe and the African and Afro-descendant presence in Argentina, and more specifically on the Litoral (northern coast) In particular, from their self-affirmation as "women, black and Argentine", I will begin with the ethnographic description of the oldest institution in the country exposed to afro-descendant issues, and a personal history of one of the women within it. Then were will be an analysis of performances linked to the practice of "candombe" (a form of ritual dance), in order to understand the recurrence of images and aesthetics that refer to the colonial regime -in transition to a republican one, keys in the production of a racial-sexual stereotype about the black woman, and a school imaginary crystallizing blackness, and the image most closely associated with an African and Afro-descendant presence in the country. It will conclude with some thoughts and questions about the specific local conditions that produced the identity of these women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pork production is positioned as an alternative for livestock farming that generates economic value adds, employment opportunities and social ties in communities of the hinterland regions. However, that activity must face a future scenario of great challenges driven by the macroeconomic and sectoral policies implemented in Argentina, since the end of 2015. The effects of those policies on the national evolution of pork productive and commercial variables are assessed, in this paper, by calculation of the economic output of primary feed production in La Pampa province. This involved the performing of a descriptive and regional investigation, which was instead worked out by modeling of typical production systems, calculation of economic results and comparison of costs and average incomes. In spite of the continuous increase in pork consumption, its upward trend in national production was slowed down. The growing gap between these two variables was covered up by imports, which increased sharply in relative terms. The profit margins for pork producers in La Pampa province were reduced, due to increments in costs that resulted proportionally greater than the observed for their income. This reveals a scenario where the economic result depends on the efficiency of production management, adoption of technologies, advances in associativity as an alternative to scale progress, improvements in the purchasing of supplies and access to new commercial channels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the paper we present progress of a research project that aims at studying the political-pedagogical project and actions of popular education with youth and adults in the Department of University Extension of the University of Buenos Aires which ran between 1956 and 1966.The Department of University Extension attempted to articulatethe university with the people. The focus of its actions was in the Maciel Island. There, for ten years, they developed educational, health and welfare actions in order to solve the problems of the inhabitants of the island, from a joint effort between the university and the community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the first year of government of Mauricio Macri, leader of the Cambiemos coalition. His victory in 2015 over the candidate of the incumbent Front for Victory marked a turning point in the country’s politics. We present the main political, social and economic events of the year and outline the fundamental positions of the new government in relation to these fields. We show the tensions of this center-right reorientation currently unfolding in Argentina, based on a vision of managerial modernization of politics and the state and controlled economic deregulation. We also explain how this project must deal with economic imbalances and social-structural conflicts, in addition to governing with a parliamentary minority and without control of most of the provincial governments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 1926, Robert Lehmann-Nitsche, a specialist in Anthropology with a large amount of contributions to the study of American-Indian languages, but with no specific academic training in Linguistics or Philology, is appointed as director in charge of the Institute of Philology (Faculty of Philosophy and Letters, University of Buenos Aires). The objective of this paper is to reconstruct the conditions that made possible the appointment of Lehmann-Nitsche and analyze its appointment and administration of the Institute of Philology. To that end, the analysis is based on a series of little known and unpublished materials that integrates a small archive of the anthropologist that remained in Argentina, currently preserved in the General Archive of the Faculty of Philosophy and Letters. As we hope to demonstrate, these documents are a valuable input both for the reconstruction and analysis of the institutionalization process of philological and linguistic studies in the country and for the study of the academic career of Lehmann-Nitsche. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we analyze the value appraisals that Paraguayan migrants make about their society of origin in contrast with the receiving country (Argentina), based on interviews and observations made in Gran Rosario (Santa Fe) between 2010 and 2013. From references to their trajectories, we analyze the development of migrant narratives, which are key elements of their construction of identity. This allows us to understand the dimensions that permeate these trajectories, their contradictions and their elaboration through the ambiguity of their value appraisals (Sayad, 2010a). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Against the backdrop of global economic growth, the widening of technology gaps, and the adverse evolution of prices for industrialization, Argentina is one of the countries in Latin America that has seen the (partial and temporary) return of public policy to the economic policy agenda. This paper poses the hypothesis that in spite of the revival of industrial policy actions and instruments to promote technological capabilities and foster a framework of incentives favorable to industrialization, a new industrial policy has failed to emerge in light of weak coordination and the absence of a senior body in the hierarchy to implement it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to elucidate the role of financial capital in the dynamics of the Argentine economy between 2002 and 2012, this paper analyzes several aspects of the relationship between financial capital and the State. "Debt reduction" partially dismantled public debt as the backbone of speculative activity, although it maintained its profitability and priority position in economic policy decision-making. On the other hand, financial regulation contributed to keeping the mechanism of debt and did not significantly alter the central role played by financial capital. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on Investment Accounts of the Municipal Executive Department (MED) of Santa Fe, the paper analyzes the magnitude and sources of budgetary resources to implement housing and employment programs aimed to shantytown population. With this, the research seeks to account for the internal state capacities, particularly those related to the availability of financial resources. The document recovers theoretical contributions of spatial scale perspective to explore how actors from national (State) or global scale (international lending agencies) may condition political interventions of the MED. In this sense, even though more than half of their budgetary resources come from tax revenues operated by both federal and provincial states, the evidence show that the santafesinian MED could implement and fund housing and employment programs of their own conceptual design directed to attend the situation of the shantytown population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the neoliberal period, the State reconfigured its way of acting in diverse spaces of the society. In that context, the enactment of the Decreto de Desregulación Económica 2284 de 1991 had a deep impact in the Argentinian rural sector. Because of that, we analyze the problematization process of the issue by different agents; the position took by the State materialized in the text of the Decree; and some reactions that it aroused, based in the classic contributions of Oszlak and O'Donnell. In this manner, we deepen our understanding of the strategies and forms of communication that are articulated in the process of adopting a public policy. In methodological terms, we reviewed the content of some discourses published in specialized newspapers between 1990 and 1991 and we apply discourse analysis techniques on the original Decree and two company's advertising. This paper concludes that even when a favorable position about agrarian deregulation had consensus between hegemonic agents, the intensity of the public policy transcended its expectations, empowering profound economic, social and political transformations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work incorporates factual disagreements as a conceptual hinge between responsibility and responsiveness. Within this conceptual framework, I analyze the policy of debt relief carried out by the Argentine Government between 2003 and 2014. Based on this analysis, it is argued that, although there is a consensus that responsiveness is a positive attribute for democracy, its existence does not always become a valuable fact for the quality of democracy. In order for this to take place, responsiveness must be accompanied by the legitimacy of factual disagreements, which has not occurred in the analyzed period. This paper describes the existence of a deficient institutional performance within the National Public Credit Office to process and legitimize factual disagreements, which has prevented the government's responsiveness towards citizens to lead to an improvement in the quality of Argentine democracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The researches on the Belief in a Just World (BJW) started in the 60' with the experimental studies carried out by Lerner (Lerner, 1965, 1980; Lerner & Clayton, 2011; Lerner & Simmons, 1966). Those studies pointed out that social injustices are frightening for individuals, therefore they need to belief that everyone gets what deserve during his or her life to maintain the control over their environment. If people do not believes that things happen as consequences of their acts, they will feel exposed to undesirable situations that today happen to others, but tomorrow could happen to them. Then, to deny this threat, they blame the victims of injustice, attributing to them the responsibility for their suffering. During the last decades, different studies have shown that individuals from different cultures around the world believe that the world is a just place, and the relations between this belief and socio-political factors (Furnham, 1993, 1998, 2003). In this vein, the system justification theory proposes that the BJW, together with the social dominance orientation (SDO; Jost & Hunyady, 2005; Pratto, Sidanius, Stallworth & Malle, 1994), contributes to support and rationalize the social order denying social injustices by appealing to the merit of the dominant social groups. Moreover, there are evidence that the BJW is positively associated to right wing authoritarianism (RWA - Altemeyer, 1996; Dalbert & Yamauchi, 1994; Moore, 2008) and political ideology self positioning (PI - Schlenker, Chambers & Le, 2012). The aim of this paper is to adapt and validate a Spanish version of the Global Belief in a Just World Scale (GBJWS) by Lipkus (1991) in a sample of university students. Hence, a self-reported questionnaire was administered to 328 university students of the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires (Argentina) aged between 18 and 40 years old (M = 24.1, SD = 3.88), 36.6% were male (n = 120) and 63.4% female (n = 208). Besides, 61.28% of the participants studied Psychology and the remaining 38.72% studied Sociology, both at the University of Buenos Aires. Firstly a descriptive analysis of the items was performed. Secondly, the reliability of the scale was tested studding its internal consistence (a = .83). Simultaneously, the construct validity was test by an exploratory factor analysis and a confirmatory factor analysis. Finally, the validity of criteria was studied by analyzing the relations between the GBJW, RWA, SDO, and PI. The results suggest adequate psychometric properties of the GBJWS in this sample of university students and verified the unidimensionality of the scale (x2(df) = 54,01(14); S-B x2(df) = 41,77(14); S-B x2 / (df) = 2,98; NNFI = .93; CFI = .96; A2 = .96; RMSEA = .08). Furthermore, GBJWS was positively associated with RWA (r = .35; p < .01), SDO (r = .36; p < .01) and negatively with PI (r = -.37;p < .01). It is considered that this paper contributes to the measuring of the GBJW since presents an adaptation and validation of a scale that wasn't available in Spanish. This study had been done with a university sample because the construction and following adaptations of the original scales were made in such population (Bègue, 2002; Dalbert, Lipkus, Sallay, & Goch, 2001; O'Connor, Morrison, T. & Morrison, M., 1996). The relations between political conservatism are coherent with the support of the status quo, since if the world is thought as a just place, there is no reason to transform it (Furnham, 2003; Jost & Hunyady, 2005). This study had been done with a university sample because the construction and following adaptations of the original scales were made in such population (Bègue, 2002; Dalbert, Lipkus, Sallay & Goch, 2001; O'Connor, Morrison, T. & Morrison, M., 1996). However, it's necessary to point out that this limitation doesn't allow the generalization of the results to a general population. Hence, it is recommended for future studies to consider other populations to improve the generalization and representatively of the results pre- sented in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we establish a relation between two Argentine entertainment programs. The first, a classic, pioneering television myth generator and the second a recent news program characterized by the involvement of celebrity guests to a turntable. The programs in question are Circular Saturdays and Saturday Bus. The route of the paper will attempt to draw a cross between two television products indicating not only the points of contact and formal and historical differences, but also the possibility of an analysis to review and propose a characterization of what significant limitation on the bodies. For reasons of space we will have a production Reading. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper I study the presence and use of metaphors in a corpus of letters to the editor published in the Argentinean magazines Ciencia Hoy and Medicina, each representing different levels of specialization (semi-popularization and scientific communication, respectively). As a section of scientific magazines, the genre letters to the editor is used to facilitate and promote the dialogue among editors, authors and readers. The genre is characterized by a relative communicative proximity (Koch & Oesterreicher, 1990) which facilitates the expression of content in a less restricted way, more independence for stylistic choices, and the use of communication strategies and linguistic resources that are not as standardized as those that characterize major scientific genres, such as the research article and the review. In this sense, the genre can be thought of as a more "natural" context of use which could allow for the observation and the description of the presence and use of metaphors that specialists bring into the letters, as they are not restricted by the conventions that regulate the scientists' texts (see Weinrich, 1988; Kretzenbacher, 1995). The purpose of this paper is to identify and analyze those metaphors in the corpus that are used as links of intertextuality in the exchanges. Through a linguistic analysis I aim at determining the types of metaphors (conventional and new) and the functions they have in the letters to the editor. The methodology followed consisted of the examination of metaphors in the corpus, the identification and selection of the metaphors that had an intertextual role, the analysis of the cases identified, and the presentation of paradigmatic results. To conclude, I propose a systematization and some final insights which, as expected, should be confirmed in future research studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper seeks to explore the presidential elections held on Argentina in October 2007. After the serious institutional crisis experienced in 2001, Nestor Kirchner's victory in 2003 presidential election heralded a serious deficit of political legitimacy to the presidency due to the fact that he was the second most voted candidate with just a 22.24 percent of votes. In spite of that, Kirchner consolidated the "Frente para la Victoria" electoral support achieving in 2007 the reelection for the incumbent party. Which factors could explain this electoral result? This paper attempts to evaluate the strength of traditional models of voting to explain 2007 electoral result and it also tests the hypotheses proposed recently to explain the electoral behavior of Argentineans. The data was collected through the Comparative National Election Project (CNEP). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper explores the ways that the practices adopted by archaeologists to transfer the knowledge generated to society. The analysis is based on desk research technique applied to the reports prepared by three groups of archaeological research, to record production and inform appropriate assessment bodies. In this context, the aim of this paper is to demonstrate how the process is made visible public communication of archeology and what is their impact on the practice of public archeology in the province of Buenos Aires, Argentina. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the findings of an ethnographic research, this paper proposes to analyze the labor trajectories in “informal” garment workshops of Peruvian migrants who live in territories of urban relegation of Cordoba (Argentina), regarding their strategies to access the city and family reproduction. Moreover, it explores the community practices, as resources of local organization intended for self-management, mobilized in neighborhoods in connection with the development of garment workshops. This study shows how some processes that exceed migration itself –such as presence/absence (selective) of the State in urban spaces, informal labor networks and difficulties to access housing– are related to mobility and labor insertions, making it possible and stimulating the existence and proliferation of informal garment workshops in specific places of the city. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes Kirchnerism as a populist political process. Using specific literature, it is possible to reconstruct the change in the political and social alliances of the government, marked by the conflict with the agricultural fraction of the bloc in power in 2008. This conflict caused a change in the emphasis on the political strategy of the government, which modified its discourse and alliances. On this basis, the article proposes a periodization of the process in two stages, changing from the populist rupture to a particularistic affirmation of the Kirchnerist identity. The article shows in detail the new features of the political order after 2008. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to study the activities of rural extension conducted between 1973 and 1983 by one of the main Argentinean state agencies: the National Agricultural Technology Institute (INTA). Regarding this period, which starts and ends with a democratic transition, an analysis has been made on the content and perspective of the organization's rural extension agenda in relation to the transformations seen in matters of sectoral policies, socioeconomic changes in the rural area, and in the implementation of repressive mechanisms. There has been an evaluation on the operation of INTA's state bureaucracy throughout its processes of institutional reconfiguration: one in 1973 alongside that year's democratic transition and the other in 1976 in hand with Argentina's last dictatorship. In light of documentary sources and interviews, a review has been drafted on institutional directives, nationwide coordination of agricultural policies, and the experiences of the INTA extension workers, primarily located in the Buenos Aires province. Additionally, we have identified the existence of various practices during the previous years of the last dictatorship involving direct contact with rural populations different from those of a more traditional approach, and its limitations have also been highlighted. Finally, we have analyzed the reorientation of the institution rural extension tasks as it underwent a military intervention between 1976 and 1983. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper examines the policies carried out by Minister of Social Welfare, Francisco Manrique throughout the de facto presidencies of Generals Roberto Levingston (1970-1971) and Alejandro Lanusse (1971-1973). I argue that the social policies and strategies implemented by Manrique aimed at building the consensus needed in view of the government's forthcoming political openness, and at the same time were leaded by his veiled intention of launching his presidential candidacy for the elections that would take place in 1973. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we study the internal dynamic about the regiments and battalions of the National Guard of Buenos Aires province countryside. We analyse the conformation of the body of officers and the negotiation that commandants started with the inhabitants of the districts assigned to them at the moment of making recruitment registers and designating members of the contingents. We prove that although the National Guard was created from provisions of the National and provincial state, the consolidation and effective operation of the institution in the countryside and the frontier were produced from the activities that commanders developed within the jurisdictions they were in charge of. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the paper we present progress of a research project that aims at studying the political-pedagogical project and actions of popular education with youth and adults in the Department of University Extension of the University of Buenos Aires which ran between 1956 and 1966.The Department of University Extension attempted to articulatethe university with the people. The focus of its actions was in the Maciel Island. There, for ten years, they developed educational, health and welfare actions in order to solve the problems of the inhabitants of the island, from a joint effort between the university and the community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper makes two contributions to the classical thesis in American Political Science on the existence of "two presidents", as applied to the Argentine case. Analyzing rollcall votes for the recent period, we confirm the validity of the thesis in a markedly presidential and multiparty system. Furthermore, comparing international and domestic legislative topics, we analyze which factors affect the legislative support received by the president. Using robust regressions, we find that popular approval is positively associated with the level of support that the president received for domestic but not international initiatives. The use of Necessity and Urgency Decrees, the economy's performance, the ideological polarization between the parties in Congress, and the chamber in which the initiative is submitted are all variables that affect legislative support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

More years of formal education are usually associated with better opportunities throughout life. Additionally, differences related to the completion of the course of studies are expected not only by years of schooling, but also by the degree. This paper aims to highlights the differences in the employment situation of those with differing educational attainment. The Argentinean population, aged 25 to 44 years is considered in the following segments of interest: those who reached up to the secondary level;; those who began a university major but did not completed it, and finally, those who completed a degree in higher education. Considering Home Surveys, the information available in urban Argentinean conglomerates allows to exhibit differences in indicators regarding job quality and work situation, in the three groups compared. In all aspects considered, those who managed to obtain a degree find themselves, on average, in a better situation than those who started their higher studies education but dropped out. The third segment (those who finished high school but did not start higher education studies) were found, predominantly, in a worse situation than other individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to analyze the forms of sociability among secondary school students in two state-managed schools in the province of Buenos Aires, Argentina. The research was of a qualitative nature, and its empirical corpus consists of sociograms, in-depth interviews, and focus groups carried out with students in 2012 and 2014. First, the types of young people’s groups in each school are analyzed. Then the students’ motives for selecting or rejecting classmates are researched. Lastly, the different forms of sociability in each school are interpreted to be associated with the degree of student mobility in each institution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Secondary education is currently the subject of many transformations, policies and debates. These call into question its historical function, the organization of its curriculum, teachers' work, and the way it gives meaning to adolescents' academic experience. This paper offers the results of a research project that sought to determine how teachers perceive these changes, the problems they identify, and how their professional identities may be repositioned as a result. With that in mind, the study considered the inclusion processes for new adolescents and ICT integration in secondary schools, and analyzes the challenges in teacher training and professional development. The study was carried out from a sociocritical perspective, and applied extended information collection methods and a semi-structured questionnaire. The open-ended questions were systematized with the software Atlas.ti for qualitative data analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper argues that a structural weakness of transboundary integration within MERCOSUR can be found in problems related to social construction and citizenry's sense of belonging to internal regions. It focuses on the Regional Commission for Foreign Trade of Northeastern Argentina (CRECENEA) and its transboundary actions with the Development Council for Southern Brazil (CODESUL). In particular, the survey analizes the institutional dimension of CRECENEA by analyzing the constitutions, laws, and bills of the respective provinces. It argues that in spite of the current immobility, CRECENEA as a transboundary region with CODESUL still remains as a strategic axis in the Argentine–Brazilian relations, MERCOSUR, the South American integration process and their financing policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The core idea of this paper is to analyse the development levels of regulations, public policies and of application ́s authorities' suitability in connection with planted forests at the Centre and Pata- gonian regions in Argentina. This is an exploratory research, where legal hermeneutics and envi-ronmental PER indicators were applied. We can conclude that provincial regulations development levels are not even, and that the majority of regulations and of public policies are focused on fi xing economic incentives in order to take advantage of market ́s effect, without focusing on an overall forests ecosystem protection, and that application ́s authorities are not technically suitable for this. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the evolution of the most widespread discourses in Argentina about the piqueteros movement between 2000 and 2001, a period marked by the development of a crisis of hegemony. For that, based on theoretical and methodological strategy that follows the main contributions of critical discourse analysis, the news published in the newspaper with the highest circulation are analyzed in relation to a case in point: the roadblocks and popular rebellions starred by piqueteros movement in the province of Salta. The article shows the complex and contradictory relationship between the development of the crisis of hegemony and the representations deployed in Clarin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to analyze how do the recipients of social crime prevention policies are illustrated, particularly under the concepts of self-worth and dependence, in Argentine during the first decade of the new century. We try to know the ways in which the old question of "danger classes" is re-elaborated on our days. Specifically we try to associate such issue whit the ideas of work and life conditions. We use a qualitative methodological approach to analyze the social crime prevention policies in Argentina during the first decade of the new century. We argue that such interventions stressed in different ways the concepts of self-worth and cut dependence: On the one hand enable a rightful self-reliance's space, regarding the protection of the rights of targeted youth; on the other hand other processes enhance self-responsibility, regarding the neoliberal transformation of social policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the public issue of security in Argentine, focusing on changes in social policies and its relationship with the discussion about the "dangerous classes" during the period of 2000-2015. Using a qualitative methodological approach based in the "Grounded theory" we argue that a decline of the link between social crime prevention and workfare policies are related to the development of a new model of social security and his different relationship with poor or unemployed assistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The definition of limits of any geographic unit, based in the physiography of the landscape, is useful at the moment of developing environmental management politics and guidelines. Several authors have divided the Argentine Republic into regions according to the characteristics of native vegetation. The resulting units are known as phytogeographic provinces. The Monte Phytogeography Province is one of the largest ecoregions of the country and is defined as a unit where the environmental aspects are complex and difficult to categorize. In the present paper, a review of the limits of this phytogeographic province is made, according to bibliographic records of different authors. Survey trips were made and the collected data was georeferenced. A geographic information system was created with geodata and through records analysis, field work and adopting several criteria for its evaluation; the adjusted limits for the ecoregion were adjusted. A new map of the Monte Phytogeography Province is proposed for its use as input in the application of politics in the territory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research will analyze the last two political- electoral reforms carried out and/or under discussion in Argentina: the first, promoted by the Kirchnerist government, sanctioned in 2009, and the second, promoted by the Macrist government, debated throughout 2016 and still under legislative treatment. In this paper, we propose a critical reading of both Political Reform projects, first setting forth the assessment that preceded each one, then reviewing the arguments that have supported each proposal. Subsequently, we will analyze in detail the content of both reforms, pointing out the concrete effects of the clauses (real in the first case and possible in the second), theoretically outlined or incorporated with each one. Thus, through the evaluation of the three elections celebrated since the enactment of the first law, we will consider that the objectives set forth with its enactment were not achieved. But, at the same time, there is no evidence -based on recent international experience- that the proposals included in the new project will lead to this purpose. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]