Search

Introduction: chemotherapeutic drugs have an ototoxic component that can cause balance disturbances that trigger fractures. The case exposes the development of a Physiotherapy intervention in cancer patients through vestibular exercises of an individual with a hip fracture after a fall. Case presentation: eighty-year-old male with femur fracture surgery due to imbalance after chemotherapeutic ototoxicity. Pre and post intervention (between November and February 2022) evaluation of vestibular assessment parameters and specific functional tests (Time Up and Go Test, Dizziness Handicap Inventory, Clinical Test of Sensory Interaction and Kinesiophobia Test) were carried out after four sessions in seven weeks of vestibular physiotherapy. Results: after the intervention we obtain better results in all the parameters, insisting a lot on the adherence of the patients to the sessions. The high score for Kinesiophobia is maintained due to fear of movement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El artículo presenta un resumen de un tesis sobre el tema del desarrollo de biomodelos de toxicidad coclear y renal inducidos por kanamicina.

Copyright of Acta Universitaria is the property of Universidad de Guanajuato/Acta Universitaria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Phototoxicity is a type of inflammatory skin reaction that occurs as a result of exposure to a chemical in combination with light radiation exposure. Ruta graveolens, commonly known as rue, has been described in numerous publications as a substance causing phototoxicity reactions. We present the case of a couple who were transferred to our hospital with first and second degree burns associated with intense pain as a result of their contact with an infusion of rue and after sun exposure, which required entry in the Great Burn Unit. We believe that every professional who deals with burn treatment should include phytophotodermatitis in the differential diagnosis of partial-thickness skin loss. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ototoxic therapeutic drugs are among the major causes of auditory damage. Hearing loss is produced as a result of irreversible injury of cochlear hair cells. These cells lack regenerative capacity in mammals, so their loss induces permanent deafness. In vitro and in vivo models of deafness are used to research therapeutic alternatives to treat hearing losses. Nowadays, one of the most widespread models is the aminoglycoside-induced damage in organotypical cultures of neonatal cochleae. In these studies, damage of the organ of Corti hair and supporting cells has been revealed. The aim of this work was to revise the morphological changes induced by aminoglycoside antibiotics on organotypical cultures of the organ of Corti with special emphasis on the methods employed. Neomycin and gentamicin are the most employed aminoglycosides in organotypical cultures. In this work kanamicin-induced generation of cochlear cells in vitro was showed at the first time. After the first hours of exposition, hair cells undergo degenerative changes such as pathological vesicle formation and disruption of their sterereocilia bundles. Severe damage due to prolonged exposure induces hair cell death and the neighbour supporting cells form a phalangeal scar. Provided the similarities between ototoxicity induced changes in vivo and in vitro, organotypical cultures of the organ of Corti might be employed to validate potentially otoprotective therapies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aminoglycoside antibiotics are indicated for a variety of bacterial infections, but their side effects on the inner ear and other tissues often limit the amount required for therapeutic effectiveness. Despite the high prevalence of hearing loss due to different causes, current treatments are only hearing aids and cochlear implants. Although these therapeutic tools do not completely restore hearing abilities, so far they are the best available choices. Studies are being conducted in order to identify alternative strategies that may eventually lead to a safer use of aminoglycosides, so it is necessary to study the physiological and morphological changes of cochlear hair cells. The aims of this work were to compare the effects of chronic kanamycin treatments on cochlear function of adult rats and two mice strains and to study the changes induced by kanamycin on mice cochlear morphology. Fourteen Wistar rats, eleven BALB/C mice and fourteen C57BL/6 mice were used. Animals were divided in two groups: one group was treated with sodium chloride solution and the other with kanamycin during 10-15 days. Auditive evoked potentials were measured before starting the treatments and 3 weeks after finishing them. Mice cochleae were removed and processed for a morphological study by High Resolution Light Microscopy. Kanamycin treatment induced thresholds shifts in rats. In mice, although auditive evoked potentials did not change, the normal organization pattern of the organ of Corti was altered, which was more evident in C57 BL/6 mice. These results allow us to establish a falling sensibility gradient to kanamycin: Wistar rats-C57BL/6mice-BALB/C mice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de la Sociedad Química del Perú is the property of Sociedad Quimica del Peru and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Deafness is one of the most widespread disabilities in the world. Its incidence in Cuba is 2.1 per 1,000 inhabitants. The origin of deafness is mainly sensorineural. This kind of hearing loss is caused by death of cochlear hair cells (located in the organ of Corti), which induces degeneration of spiral ganglion neurons. In a previous light microscopy study using a rat model of ototoxicity, it was observed that the organ of Corti was damaged since the second week of deafness, whereas the loss of spiral ganglion neurons was not significant until the eighth week of deafness. In order to define the onset of degenerative changes, a study by Transmission Electron Microscopy of the organ of Corti and spiral ganglion neurons was carried out. Rat cochleae sampled after 2, 4, 8 and 16 weeks of deafness and healthy controls were analyzed. The supporting cells of the organ of Corti were damaged since the second week. Type I spiral ganglion neurons showed progressive degenerative changes since the fourth week. Myelin sheaths of the peripheral processes innervating the organ of Corti showed signs of degeneration since the fourth week of deafness. Most of the remaining neurons exhibited complete demyelination at sixteen weeks of deafness, resulting in the pathological type III spiral ganglion neurons. The above results indicate that the injury of the organ of Corti induces ultrastructural degenerative changes of the spiral ganglion neurons before the significant loss of these cells and their dendrites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A case of Hearing loss induced by action organic solvents (xylene, toluene), is discussed. The case is a subject whom was assessed for study purposes as part of an important research project on occupational diseases. The subject is a Medical Technologist who works at a Department of Histopathology and Cytodiagnostic. Due to the profession of the subject, who has acquired solvent-induced hearing loss, the authors of the present article consider an important issue to create awareness of among other persons working in similar environments. This with the ultimate aim to stimulate among professionals of the area, the generation of preventive actions against solvents in order to protect their health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE To assess whether the administration of topical ceftazidime decreases hearing after treatment in patients with non-cholesteatomatous chronic otitis media. MATERIAL AND METHOD An observational, longitudinal, ambispective and analytical study was conducted at the otorhinolaiyngology, and head neck surgical ward at the highly specialized medical unit of the La Raza General Hospital National Medical Center in Mexico City from January 1998 to September 2002. The study group was comprised by patients diagnosed with non-cholesteatomatous chronic otitis media that were administered ototopic treatment with ceftazidime drops. Age, gender, disease evolution and co-morbidity were controlled. A hearing test was done before and 30 days after treatment using a Madzen Minimate 602 brand audiometer A statistical analysis was done using SPSS statistical software version 10.0. RESULTS 50 patients were studied. No statistically significant differences were found in the degree of hearing after the administration of the drug: p> 0.48, CI: 0.96-1.13 and RR = 1.1. CONCLUSIONS The ototopical administration of ceftazidime does not produce a decrease in hearing after treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cisplatin is an effective antineoplasic drug used in the treatment of many neoplasms, including advanced head and neck cancer. Unfortunately its clinical application has been restricted because of side effects such as nephrotoxicity, gastrointestinal toxicity, peripheric and central neuropathy, bone marrow damage and ototoxicity. Ototoxicity is manifested as tinnitus, vertigo, mild to profound neurosensorial hearing loss m 30 to 40% of the cases, which could be unilateral or bilateral, up to total absence of hearing (anacusia). It has been demonstrated that after cisplatin exposure, free oxygen radicals are produced, there is antioxidant depletion and an increase of lipid peroxidation in the cochlea. The administration of antioxidants such as subperoxide dismutase, alfa-tocopherol, glutatione pefoxidase, glutatione and their esters have been demonstrated to reduce ototoxicity caused by cisplatin in animal models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]