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In order to determine the suitability of packaging materials made of paper/cardboard and used in different public institutions in charge of Costa Rican documentary heritage, the measurement of the acidity (pH) of the materials was carried out, as well as the use of infrared spectroscopy to study the changes in the crystalline structure of paper cellulose molecules, which influence the oxidation and degradation of cellulose as a consequence of aging (Chiriu et al., 2018). Studying the materials used to package and store documents with historical/heritage value is of high importance since these are the ones that remain in direct contact with the cultural assets for years, even decades. In total, the measurement of the physicochemical properties was carried out in four different aging stages (0, 8, 15 and 28 days), in order to compare the results and establish the changes and degradations in the materials, this to determine which of the sampled materials are more suitable for packaging documentary heritage, both in the short and long term, and according to the parameters analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In contemporary times, the food industry is tasked with ensuring that its products maintain good quality, with packaging being one of the most evident challenges. Traditionally, food packaging materials were derived from petroleum, but in recent years, biomaterials have emerged as viable alternatives to fulfill these functions. It is important to understand the strengths and weaknesses of these biomaterials compared to conventional packaging. Therefore, this study conducted a comprehensive comparative analysis between traditional packaging and bio-based packaging for food in terms of market, technical aspects, and regulations. Information was gathered from specialized databases, and 59 technical datasheets of conventional packaging and 28 technical datasheets of bio-based packaging were analyzed. The results revealed that certain bio-based packaging materials, such as cellulose, polyglycolic acid, and polyhydroxybutyrate, are excellent alternatives for food packaging, particularly in situations requiring moisture and oxidation resistance, as well as the ability to withstand high temperatures during production and storage. Furthermore, it was found that the bio-based packaging market experiences significant growth due to the increasing demand for sustainable packaging, government regulations against single-use plastics, and consumer trends. Based on these findings, it is recommended that the food industry considers the use of bio-based packaging as a viable and promising solution to enhance the quality and preservation of their products while meeting environmental requirements and consumer preferences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cuba imports flexible materials for packaging products, their prior evaluation being essential. Dairy companies in Cuba are interested to quarry of suppliers of packaging materials, but the decision to purchase materials must be subjected to prior technical evaluations. The objective of this work was to evaluate the characteristics of the bags used in the packaging of milk flour, and to analyze the physical, chemical, microbiological and sensory characteristics of the product during storage. A total of 60 samples were randomly taken; the bags were subjected to identification of the material, thickness and resistance to sealing, while to the product: physical, chemical, microbiological and sensory analysis. In the identification it was verified that the bag is made up of more than one layer, the closure of the container was efficient, and the material allowed to maintain the physical, chemical, microbiological and sensory characteristics of the product because after six months they met the quality requirements established. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents a literature review, with respect to the final disposal of expired and damaged drugs, and the importance of discarding them through more environmentally friendly methods and their possible variants. Among the methods documented in the literature that are friendly to the environment is inertization, which is a variant of encapsulation and involves removing the primary and secondary packaging materials of the drugs, to facilitate their disposal by the method of immobilization. Inertization, is the most accessible, effective and sustainable method that is adapted to the conditions of the university and the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Radiata pine wood packaging needs to be sterilized according to international phytosanitary standards. In this work the heat sterilization time of green radiata pine packaging material stacked without separators was studied on an industrial scale, considering as variable factors the steam temperature (80, 90 and 100) °C, the thickness of the wood (16, 38 and 53) mm and the height of the wood pile (150, 200 and 400) mm. The pilot experiment was conducted in a 40 m3 industrial oven. Subsequently the experiment was scaled to 100 m3 ovens. The results showed that the heat sterilization time in the analyzed temperature range depends significantly on the thickness and height of the stack. The minimum time to obtain heat sterilization conditions of radiata pine packaging material varied from 123 min to a maximum of 2275 min. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study the behavior of dry bee pollen during storage was evaluated, two storage temperatures 5 and 29 °C and two packaging materials were considered: amber polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles and double zipper polyethylene (PE) bags. The dry pollen was carried out physical-chemical measurements (humidity, acidity, pH and proteins) and microbiological (microorganisms at 30 °C, filamentous fungi and yeasts) every seven days to 70 days of storage. It was observed that the pH, acidity and protein values did not vary significantly (p > 0,05) during the period for any of the storage alternatives studied, while the humidity for the samples stored in the bags at room temperature showed an appreciable increase with respect to the initial value, from 5,17 to 7,33 %. In the case of microbiological indicators, no increase was observed during the period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The conservation for 10 months of a dehydrated orange juice stored at 27 °C was studied in two types of packaging materials: high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and polypropylene/polyethylene (PP/PE). The response variables were humidity, ascorbic acid retention and sensory evaluation. The sensory results, which was the indicator that caused the rejection of the product, were processed by regression analysis and considering the regression variance with a maximum probability of rejected samples of 5%. The shelf-life of the seven-month for dehydrated orange juice in HDPE container is guaranteed, while the product packed in PP/PE maintained its sensory properties even after 10 months at room temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article contains alternative ecological packaging designs for a product called Cosecha: fruits and vegetables in soluble powder. This is carried out through an atomization process that, according to the expert Professor Povea (from the Department of Food Engineering of La Salle University), allows obtaining the appropriate size of particles in order for them to be soluble and at the same time maintain the original properties of food for six months in the appropriate container. This product would solve the problem that food banks in Bogotá have regarding fruits and vegetables that are rejected because they are overripe, bruised, incorrectly packed, or returned by chain stores (300 tm/day) because they could be used to produce processed food that can be commercialized. However, it is important to indicate that the study aimed to design containers that respond to the current tendencies with respect to packaging. This means, something ecological, functional, emotional, and appealing for people that belong to the middle low class (strata 2 and 3 in Colombia) besides responding to the needs of the segment. The results evidenced that the product Cosecha: fruits and vegetables in soluble powder respond to a need and a habit of the population and with its appropriate container design, it was possible to obtain positive feedback from the majority of the respondents. They said that they thought the containers were innovative and appealing and indicated they would be willing to buy the product as long as it is affordable (two of the three prototypes proposed.) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Foodstuffs quality and safety are important issues involving packaging behavior in food preparing and storing processes. In this context, food legislation compliance increasingly demanding, concerns the knowledge of several key aspects of food-packaging systems. This article presents a review about main packaging materials currently used in the food industry, their interactions with the packaged product, mainly migration of macro and microelements from packaging to food, analytical techniques and mathematical models used in elements migrants identification, the national and international regulations established. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article describes some of the research experiences conducted at the University of Cauca In the field of biodegradable packaging as raw material derivatives agroindustrial processing of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz). Headings are addressed related to the formation of human talent, strengthening research groups participate, support from government agencies such as the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development-MARD- Colciencias and General Royalties System, relations with other institutions Higher Education in Colombia and abroad, participation in technological development centers, producers and industry organizations with collaborative work have enabled us to consolidate and strengthen the agribusiness chain of cassava in Cauca department. It also describes the processes in terms of intellectual property such as patents and licensing obtained, which strengthen the research group "Science and Technology of Agro-Interest Biomolecules CYTBIA-" leader in the field of bioplastics, and related information required with the creation of a "Spin Off" Technological Development and Innovation in biodegradable, which validates the impact of research developments directly in Science, Technology and Innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inadequate disposition of petroleum based package materials has caused large environmental impact. Many researches have been developed trying to replace this materials by biodegradable products, been starch an alternative. In this study a biomaterial from modified starch, plasticizer and antimicrobial agent m s obtained by extrusion and characterized, for biodegradable films making. Cassava starch varieties CUMBRE 3, SM 707-17 and CM 7138-7 were evaluated; thermal, mechanical and surface properties was obtained and optimum operating conditions for biomaterial obtaining. Additionally a microbial inhibition test was performed. When antimicrobial agent and plasticizer content were among 20% and 25% and among 0,7% and 0,2% respectively and extrusion processing temperature of 110°C/120°C/120°C/110°C, highest film strain stress were obtained (2,393 MPa). Tg films from CM 7138-7 variety in day 1 and day 21 then of obtained, had less variation. Antimicrobial test shows Fusarium fungus inhibition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of the present work was to determine the shelf-life of soda cookies packed in bags of complex material of 0.5 kg. The cookies were evaluated initially to check the execution of their specifications of quality regarding humidity content and sensorial evaluation. The sensorial evaluation was carried out with 6 trained panelists, who made an initial description of the product and they evaluated it quantitatively by means of the Analytic Procedure of Sensorial Evaluation of cookies until the failure. The packaging material was identified and it was determined the thickness and the water vapor permeability. Thermal seal resistance was also determined to different closings of the bag. The shelf-life of soda cookies packed in bags of complex material of 0.5 kg was 90 days. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this work was to evaluate different flexible materials and its close. It didn't meet significant difference as for the vapour water permeability of the folding box of 2 kg of cookies with interior polypropylene's bag closed with loop and the variant with interior polypropylene's bag, tied with cotton thread. The variant of folding box with interior highdensity polyethylene's bag closed white plastic seal and external cover of polyvinyl chloride retractile film presented a water vapour permeability 2, 85 times major that the other ones. The cookie packed in box of folding cardboard with interior bag of polypropylene, closed in its superior part by means of loop presented a bigger conservation of its quality and sensorial preference for the appraisers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]