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Copyright of Informacion Tecnica Economica Agraria is the property of Asociacion Interprofesional para el Desarrollo Agrario (AIDA) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Informacion Tecnica Economica Agraria is the property of Asociacion Interprofesional para el Desarrollo Agrario (AIDA) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Agronomía & Ambiente is the property of Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Veterinaria is the property of Universidad Nacional del Nordeste and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Cientifica de la Facultade de Veterinaria is the property of Universidad del Zulia, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The level of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in sow's diet can modify their productive and reproductive performance, as well as the level of PUFA in milk fat; especially in the proportions of omega 3 and 6. This study aimed to compare the effects of two levels of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (FA) on milk's profile, live weight and reproductive activity of sows, as well as on the litter weight. Two experimental diets, 32 and 55 % of total PUFA, were randomly assigned to 50 sows; starting from the first week before parturition until 21 d post-parturition. Milk samples were collected (parturition day and 14 d after) to measure the FA profile. The live weight and backfat thickness in sows were recorded at 42 d of gestation, one week before parturition, and 21 d post-parturition; the days until return to estrus and the number of services per conception were also recorded. In the litter, the piglets' weight at birth and weaning were recorded. The proportion of saturated and monounsaturated FA was higher in the diet with 32 % of PUFA, as compared with the 55 % diet, but this did not affect the live weight nor the post-parturition reproduction in sows. The milk fat of sows fed with 32 % of PUFA had a higher saturation level than the one from sows fed with 55 % of PUFA; this had no effect on the piglets' weight. A higher degree of dietary PUFA increases the PUFA of milk fat without affecting the sow's live weight and that of its litter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This bibliographic review aims to introduce the effects of insulin modulated by diet in the productive and reproductive efficiency of sows. Insulin is an hormone that plays an intermediary role between nutrition and reproduction, causing the synthesis of gonadotropins, FSH and LH, through the direct effects of ovaries. Endogenous insulin levels may be influenced by nutrients and energy source. Scientific studies have shown that diets, in which lipids are the main source of energy, do not show improvements in the body condition of sows during lactation and reproductive development after weaning. In fact, catabolic condition can get worse due to the increase of fat in milk production. Moreover, increasing the carbohydrate content during lactation can improve energy balance, gonadotropin secretion and insulin and glucose profiles. Research results show that it is possible to modulate the levels of plasma insulin by consuming complex carbohydrates such as starch. This nutrient can produce longer glucose peaks compared to simple carbohydrates such as dextrose or saccharose carbon, promoting follicular oocyte development, from the synthesis of luteinizing hormone at an ovaric level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Cientifica de la Facultade de Veterinaria is the property of Universidad del Zulia, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Para determinar el efecto del aditivo probiótico de Bacillus subtilis y sus endosporas en la producción láctea y la respuesta inmune de cerdas lactantes, se utilizaron 48 cerdas Yorkshire-Landrace x L35, con rango entre tres y cinco partos. Los tratamientos experimentales fueron: control sin aditivo; consumo del probiótico tres semanas (G-3); consumo durante cuatro semanas (G-4), antes del parto y durante los 33 d de lactancia. Los indicadores evaluados se mantuvieron en los rangos normales, de acuerdo con la especie y categoría animal. La proteína total difirió entre el control sin aditivo y el G-3 (69.63, 77.56 y 74.86 g/L-1 para el control, G-3 y G-4, respectivamente), mientras que para la concentración de inmunoglobulinas se constató incremento significativo entre los animales tratados con respecto al control (2.46, 2.84 y 2.89/L-1 para el control, G-3 y G-4, respectivamente). De forma similar se comportó la producción láctea a los 7, 21 y 28 d. Los resultados sugieren que es posible el suministro del aditivo sin deterioro del comportamiento productivo, con influencia positiva en la salud de la cerda. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Cientifica de la Facultade de Veterinaria is the property of Universidad del Zulia, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This research aimed to study the effects of genetic line (GL), farrowing room (FR) and number of parity (NP) on the productive and reproductive performance at farrowing and weaning of sows of seven genetic lines. The response variables were total litter size at farrowing (TLSF) and at weaning (TLSW), pigs born alive (PBA), stillbirth (PBD), litter weight at farrowing (LWF) and at weaning (LWW), sow average food intake (FI), and sow weight (SWL), and back fat (BFL) loss during lactation. Besides the fixed effects of GL, NP, and FR, the model also included the covariates TLSF for LWF, and TLSW for LWW. There were significant differences (P<0.0026) among GL for TLSF, PBA, PBD, and FI. Parity was important (P<0.0001) only for FI, and FR was (P<0.038) for PBD. Sows of three or more parities had higher FI (4.5 ± 0.2 kg) than those of one and two (3.4 ± 0.2 kg). It is needed more attention at farrowing and during lactation in order to reduce death of piglets both at farrowing and during lactation. Back fat and weight loss of sows during lactation should be reduced in order to avoid deterioration of post-weaning productive and reproductive performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Archivos de Medicina Veterinaria is the property of Universidad Austral de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Con el propósito de identificar subproductos y desechos agroindustriales existentes en la región del Bajío mexicano, que por su disponibilidad y nivel de producción pudieran ser incorporados en la alimentación de las cerdas gestantes, se integró la información estadística de productos agrícolas que mediante un proceso agroindustrial generan subproductos para consumo pecuario. En este contexto, se creó un padrón de empresas procesadoras de dichos productos; asimismo, se diseñó y aplicó una encuesta a una muestra significativa (muestreo de proporciones de varianza máxima) con el fin de conocer las cantidades de materias primas utilizadas, los coeficientes de transformación, la cantidad de subproductos generados y, finalmente, su destino. De acuerdo con lo anterior, se dispuso estimar la disponibilidad futura de estos subproductos y se diseñaron modelos de regresión. Más de 20 subproductos y desechos se identificaron como factibles para utilizarse. Sin embargo, con base en la oferta y en la demanda anual de cada uno de éstos, los que mostraron mayor potencial de uso fueron: cascarilla de arroz y salvado de arroz (4 375 ton y 2 905 ton, respectivamente), pasta de ajonjolí (entre 14 400 y 28 800 ton), desperdicio de col (1 092 ton), desechos de brócoli (13 400 ton), desechos de coliflor (1 800 ton), desechos de aguacate (4 800 ton) y aceite de palma para fritura (12 000 L). Los de mejor potencial al medir su disponibilidad futura son los desechos de brócoli y coliflor. Con el propósito de aprovechar los subproductos y desechos agroindustriales disponibles en el bajío para la alimentación de la cerda adulta, deben determinarse las características bromatológicas y nutritivas de aquéllos, así como su posible impacto sobre la digestibilidad de la energía y proteína en la dieta y en el desempeño productivo de la cerda. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effect of natural mating and the use of different types of semen were assessed on the productivity of 160 sows by forming four lots of 40 with the following arrangement: 1) Natural mating (MN); 2) Insemination on a cervical level with diluted and refrigerated semen from national origin (SDRN); 3) Insemination at uterine level with diluted and refrigerated imported semen (SDRI) and 4) Insemination at a uterine level with imported frozen semen (SCONGI). The synchronization of the sows was carried out by the weaning of the piglets with an average of 21 days of breast-feeding, detecting oestrus twice a day (9:00 to 11:00 and from 16:30 to 18:00) with the aid of a male pig. The fertility average results indicate that the SDRN group reached the best percentage with 85%, compared to the MN, SDRI and SCONGI (77.5%, 57.5% and 65.7% respectively), determining a considerable statistic difference (P>0.05), between the SDRN and SDRI groups. The same was observed in relation to the number of piglets born per litter, which was better with SDRN (11.4) than with MN, SDRI and SCONGI (10.7, 9.3 and 6.9 respectively), showing a considerable statistic difference (P>0.05) between SCONGI in relation to MN, SDRN and SDRI, determining a difference of 4.5 piglets less per litter than when obtained with SCONGI in relation to SDRN. It is concluded that no matter where the frozen semen is deposited for insemination, it will have a lower percentage of fertility in relation to refrigerated semen and natural mating, and the same occurs in relation to the total number of piglets born per litter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Los objetivos de este estudio fueron evaluar el uso de la ultrasonografía de tiempo real (UTR) en el diagnóstico de gestación a los 17 días posinseminación (PI), y determinar el efecto del tiempo empleado para la realización del diagnóstico de gestación en la sensibilidad, especificidad y exactitud del diagnóstico. En un primer ensayo se utilizaron 40 cerdas para el diagnóstico de gestación, utilizando un tiempo promedio de 177 seg, y en un segundo ensayo se utilizaron 20 cerdas con tiempo promedio de diagnóstico de 28 seg. En ambos ensayos, las cerdas fueron diagnosticadas tambíen a los 24 y 35 dias PI. Su manejo reproductivo fue el normalmente usado en la granja; es decir, fueron inseminadas artificialmente por el mismo técnico Para determinar: sensibilidad, especificidad y exactitud del diagnóstico de gestación a 17. 24 y 35 días PI, se consideraron: a) animales verdaderos positivos, b) falsos positivos, c) falsos negativos y d) verdaderos negativos. La sensibilidad fue determinada como a/(a + c), especificidad como d/(b + d) y exactitud como (a + d)/(a + b + c + d). La especificidad del diagnóstico a los 17 días PI y con duración del diagnóstico de 177 seg no se calculó debido a que no se detectaron cerdas verdaderas negativas; la sensibilidad y exactitud fueron de 974% y 92 5%, respectivamente. La sensibilidad especificidad y exactitud del método de UTR a la edad de 17 días realizando el diagnóstico con tiempo de 28 seg, fueron: 81.3%, 25% y 70%. respectivamente. A los 24 y 35 días PI, la sensibilidad especificidad y exactitud fueron de 100%. La sensibilidad, especificidad y exactitud del diagnóstico a los 17 días PI fueron mayores cuando se utilizaron 177 seg que cuando se utilizaron 28 seg (P < 0.05). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vaccination was applied in a pig herd using an E2 vaccine candidate against classical swine fever (CSF). The sows received a two-dose vaccination schedule (25 µg) at intervals of 21 days. To evaluate the safety of E2 vaccine candidate in pregnant sows up to the second third of gestation, the reproductive performance of these sows was compared with a group of non-vaccinated sows in the last third of the gestation period. Data about repetitions of zeal, abortions, number of offsprings per litter and pups weaned per breeding by sow were registered. When comparing parameters between groups there were no differences. E2 vaccine candidate against CSF is safe when it is applied to pregnant sows until the second third of pregnancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A study to find out weaned-gilt body build and parity influence on non-pregnancy period of time and offproduction number was carried out. To this end, 310 F-1 Yorkshire x Landrace gilts were sampled to determine their body build at weaning as well as the farrowing number post-weaning. Gilts were kept into maternity pens for a 33- day lactation period. Data were processed by the SPSS statistic package V. 11.0. Results showed that gilt body build at weaning influenced (P<0,05) weaning-estrus period and off-production number. These parameters were most affected by body build 1 category (very thin gilts) reaching values of 15,65 vs 5,31 days/non-pregnant females and 17 vs o off-production females. However, the parameters were not affected by farrowing number. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]