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Copyright of Investigación Agraria is the property of Investigacion Agraria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

one of the limitations for pitahaya production in Mexico is related at neglected crop management and propagation period. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of five nutrient solutions (NS) enriched with silicon and different sources of nitrogen (NO3- and NH4+) during the vegetative development of pitahaya. A crop was established with the Hylocereus undatus under greenhouse and in substrate, and five Nutritive Solution (NS): 1. Steiner normal (Control); 2. Steiner 75 % (SN75); 3. Steiner with Si (SNsi); 4. Hoagland and 5. An experimental arrangement was designed in completely randomized blocks with five treatments and five replications. Plant height, number of shoots, ridge diameters and face diameter were measured during nine months, and, at the end of this period, fresh and dry weight of root and aerial part, as well as root volume, length and diameter were estimated. Nutritional analysis of cladode tissue was performed 279 days after transplanting. Significant differences were observed for Duncan (p ≤ 0.05) in the physical variables analyzed; SNsi (higher water content); SN75 % (number of shoots), and Hewitt (total height). Nutrient accumulation was K>Ca>N>Mg>P>S. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Climate variability has increased the need for atmospheric monitoring systems at the local level. Meteorological data are useful for climate prediction, agriculture and crop management, water resources management, and air quality estimation. Current solutions to obtain meteorological data are typically regional, expensive, and depend on telecommunications providers, limiting the value of the information and its accessibility in rural areas or specific places. Corresponding to the development of more affordable systems, the following article presents a monitoring solution for meteorological variables based on the TTGO T-Beam development board and the Bresser 5-in-1 weather station, using LoRa communication. The proposed hardware design includes the Bresser 5-in-1 station, two T-Beam development modules, and a personal computer. The software architecture uses the TTGO T-Beam modules to transmit and store the weather station measurements, the IoT platform "Node-RED" is used for data acquisition, while the "Grafana" platform is used for the visualization. Link tests with LoRa technology (868MHz) demonstrated the ability to operate at distances greater than one kilometer. The research results confirmed the possibility and reliability of remotely integrating measurements from the Bresser 5-in-1 weather station to an open-source IoT platform. This use of open software and hardware solutions allows their generalization by other researchers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista CienciaUAT is the property of Universidad Autonoma de Tamaulipas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The cultivation of cocoa has become an item of great social and economic importance in Ecuador, being significant the realization of an agroecological diagnosis, to provide tools for the benefit of the sustainability of this crop. The objective of the research was to identify the limitations for the sustainability of cocoa cultivation in the Milagro canton, Ecuador, through an agroecological diagnosis that included social, economic, environmental and technical elements. The study population consisted of 70 cocoa producing families in the area. The census was used as a technique and the questionnaire as a data collection instrument. The elements that limited the sustainability and agroecological management of the cocoa crop were: the lack of benefits, the use of protective equipment, occupational safety and worker training. The lack of proper management of chemical waste and residual water was recurrent. Most of the producers had access to basic services, education, availability of food, markets to sell their production; however, it is necessary to carry out the review of the group that stated that they did not have the mentioned aspects. There was no sustainability in environmental and technical aspects, requiring an intervention in this regard. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Banana cultivation is an important item in the Ecuadorian economy, so it is necessary to review the management that is being carried out in the productive units of the plantations, considering that the adequate and ecological management of the crop guarantees sustainable production. The objective of the research was to identify the limiting factors in the agroecological development of banana cultivation in the province of Guayas, Ecuador, applying a descriptive and analytical approach. The census was used as a technique and the questionnaire as a data collection instrument. The population and the sample consisted of 190 banana producers from the Lorenzo de1 Garaicoa parish. The results indicate that the limiting factors in the agroecological development of the banana crop were: lack of use of plant cover by the producers within the plantations, inappropriate use and high dependence on agrochemicals, lack of training on environmental issues, lack of protective equipment for workers. Despite the fact that the fixed and variable costs related to banana production are not known, the producers express satisfaction with the income and marketing of the product. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Argentinian Horticulture / Horticultura Argentina is the property of Revista Horticultura Argentina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Agrícolas is the property of Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agricolas y Pecuarias and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The strong pressure exerted by urban planning on rural territories means that they are threatened in their ways of life and production, the exodus of the young generation threatens the loss of ancestral knowledge in crop management, making agricultural activity vulnerable. Hence, the objective of this study was to evaluate the sustainability of ancestral technologies around green onion in the community of El Bajo, San Francisco, Zulia, Venezuela. The work is framed in the empirical-inductive exploratory episteme, correspondent a nonexperimental ex post facto, transactional design. For the analysis, the Management Sustainability Index was estimated, compound of partial economic, social, environmental and technological indices. For each index, indicators valued on a scale of 0 to 2 were displayed; where 0 represents low sustainability and 2 high sustainability, these were reflected in a questionnaire applied to farmers. In addition, an analysis of main components was carried out, which allowed establishing groups from the generated indices. The results showed that the ancestral technology of producing under the "Barbacoas" system has an average sustainability of 1.22, revealing that the economic factor (IPSE 0.9) represents the lowest contribution to sustainability and the technological factor (IPST 1,45) the one with the greatest contribution, the use of "Barbacoas" is supported by the solid knowledge of ecological agronomic practices that have been used for decades and that have been inherited from generation to generation. The principal components analysis allowed us to identify three components or factors that explain 77.2% of the total variance, group 1, for whom the technology of Barbacoas as a production system (ISPT 60.9%) has greater weight, represented by experienced farmers, older adults; group 2, those who produce based on the generation of sufficient income to satisfy the elementary needs of the family, within these, are the farmers with a medium level of education (IPSE 86.5%) and in group 3 those who attach importance to aspects related to the protection of the environment and its relationship with production (IPSA 87.7%). Despite the fact that there are few active farmers, the results reveal important differences that threaten the continuity of this technology. The path to the sustainability of the territories begins with the union and organization of farmers, promoting the interaction of institutions, government and community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The production of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) still does not meet the needs of population consumption, given the limitations and low distribution of the technological package that includes several products of international origin that guarantee the management and health of the crop, among which the nutritional requirements are of great importance. The combined effect of different bioactive products on the growth and yield of common bean seeds cultivar 'Buenaventura', was evaluated. The experiment was conducted at the Jucaibama Experimental Station, belonging to the Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias "Jorge Dimitrov", Bayamo municipality, Granma province, during the months of December to March 2015-2016, on a poorly differentiated Fluvisol soil. Four treatments were evaluated (Mycorrhizae, and the combinations QuitoMax + Mycorrhizae and Bayfolan Forte + Mycorrhizae). A randomized block experimental design with three replications was used. The following indicators were evaluated: plant height (cm), stem diameter (cm), root length (cm), number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, seed mass (g), 100-seed mass (g) and yield (t ha-1). The data obtained were processed by a double ranked analysis of variance. Multiple comparison of means was performed through Duncan's test for p=0.05. The statistical package Statistica, version 8.0 for Windows was used. The results showed that the combination of Mycorrhiza + QuitoMax increased growth, yield in common bean plants cultivar 'Buenaventura'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Montes de María subregion is one of the largest avocado producers in the Caribbean region. In recent years, avocado crops in the subregion have shown a decrease due to the disease called avocado sadness caused by the fungus Phytophthora cinnamomi, which can be controlled through the main use of chemical agents, however, they cause environmental problems. For this reason, species of the genus Trichoderma have become an alternative to replace the application of chemicals in crops due to their multiple mechanisms of action such as antibiosis, mycoparasitism, competition for space and nutrients. The objective of this study was to evaluate in vitro the inhibitory activity of native strains of Trichoderma spp. against P. cinnamomi and to molecularly identify the strains of Trichoderma spp. Trichoderma spp. was caught in avocado crops present in the municipalities of Chalan and Ovejas by means of precooked rice trap crops. Once the isolates were purified in the laboratory, the in vitro antagonism test was performed in dual culture medium PDA-V8 against P. cinnamomi. The isolates that presented inhibition against the pathogen were DNA extracted using the DNeasy Plant Mini kit® in order to amplify the tef1 gene by PCR. A total of 30 strains of Trichoderma spp. were isolated, of which 9 were inhibited by mycoparasitism. These were molecularly identified as Trichoderma harzianum and T. viride. Both species present a broad spectrum for the control of pathogens, which have been used for the management of diseases in crops of economic interest and show preliminary results of inhibitory activity against P. cinnamomi. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The weed flora that develops accompanying the different agricultural production systems is exposed to the environmental filters that apply to any ecological system plus the technological components associated with crop management. This has led to weed communities accompanying these transformations. The objective of the work was to characterize the weed flora according to the changes in the tillage systems and land use in the last 12 years for the agricultural area of the of the central pampas region. A bibliographic review was carried out for the 2008-2020 period, through Google Scholar tool using keywords. In addition, information from the General Directorate of Statistics and Censuses-Ministry of Production-Government of La Pampa and at the national level from the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries of the Nation was also used. In Argentina, the sown area with winter and summer crops increased (7 million hectares and 29 million hectares, respectively). The relative contribution of sowed area made by the La Pampa province was maintained for the winter crops with a value of 8 %, while for the summer crops one the level of contribution of the province decreased, being 5 %. As for the La Pampa province, the area sowed with winter crops remained around 250.000 ha; the percentage made in no-till farming (SD) was increasing except for the 2019 and 2020 campaigns, reaching values of 50 % (with peaks of 65 %). The area destined to summer crops exceeded 600,000 ha during almost the entire period, except for the years 2014 and 2018; SD adoption rate was generally over 70 % (with maximum values of 85 %). The weed flora was represented by 78 species distributed in 22 families, of which the most representative were the Poaceae, Asteraceae and Brassicaceae. For summer crops, the families with the highest number of species were the Asteraceae and Poaceae represented with 11 and 14 species, respectively; 78 % were annual. For winter crops, Brassicaceae and Asteraceae were the most representative with 10 and 8 species, respectively; 81 % were annual. The weed community's composition varied depending on the crops and the tillage system. Seventy percent of weeds that accompanied soybean, corn, and sunflower crops, and 74 % of wheat were linked to direct sowing technology. There were 38 cases of resistance to herbicides in different species for no-tillage systems, of which 34 % were for EPSPS inhibitors, and 4 for conventional tillage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista CIENCIA UNEMI is the property of Universidad Estatal de Milagro (UNEMI) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Avances en Ciencias e Ingeniería is the property of Avances en Ciencias e Ingenieria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Ciencia y Tecnología Agropecuaria is the property of Agrosavia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

At the beginning of the physiological growth of tobacco plants, there may be competition with weeds for light, moisture and soil nutrients, which slows down the development of the crop, raises management costs and in some cases, causes losses to the farmer. The objective of this work was to determine the persistence of weeds under chemical control before and after the transplantation of tobacco seedlings, for which a study was carried out in Campoalegre (Huila), at a height of 522 masl. A first sampling was carried out using the methodology by linear transects with 180 quadrants of 0.5 x 0.5 m, in 1.9 ha; later the application of herbicides was carried out and after the transplant a second sampling was implemented. Before transplantation, 16 botanical families with 23 species were identified and later 15 families with 19 species, without the presence of new records. Before transplanting, the highest index of importance value was of the Poaceae and the Cyperus rotundus species, but later the greatest value was presented again by the same family, although Rottboellia cochinchinensis stood out. Likewise, previously transplantation, the greatest diversity was of C. rotundus, dominance of Cleome spinosa and uniformity of Spermacoce assurgens. After transplanting, the greatest diversity and dominance was R. cochinchinensis and the greatest uniformity was Kallstroemia maxima. The survival capacity of the weeds is highlighted before a chemical control where only four species of those initially listed stopped appearing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Argentinian Horticulture / Horticultura Argentina is the property of Revista Horticultura Argentina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Social linkages and their relationship to the adoption of good agricultural practices in coffee, using the social network approach are analyzed. Semi-structured questionnaires were applied on socio-economic aspects, adoption of good production practices and social relationships applied to 67 coffee farmers. Coffee producers have areas and average yields of 2.4 ha and 1.9 t/ha1, respectively. The practices adopted are related to crop management, pest control and use of new strains. There is a low density of linkages that indicate poor connectivity between producers, research nodes and suppliers. The structure of relationships under the current scenario, hinders the process of adoption of good agricultural practices by low linking to external sources of information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of the work was to estimate the net norms of irrigation of the sorghum crop (Sorgum vulgare L. Monech) according to the variability and climate change in the period 2020-2050. The Cropwat program was used as a tool. The climatic data for the study were taken from the Institute of Meteorology using as reference the monthly data of the new regional and global scenarios. It was obtained as a result that in both scenarios there are differences such that in the RCP 4.5 scenario the reference evapotranspiration was above the rainfall, which indicates that irrigation is necessary, despite the uncertainty that the analysis used in the estimation of ETo and specific values of rainfall in the water balance. However, in scenario A1b of the Echam 5 model, ETo was below rainfall except for the years 2037, 2040 and 2050, probably defined by the variables for calculating ETo at the global level, where rainfall seems to have another sequence and should be considered as an early warning for the water management of soils and crops in the face of climate change. Regarding the prediction of the net norms, it was appreciated that they have values above those used today for the cropos (2 300 m3·ha-1) since they were estimated as an average between 5076 m3·ha-1 for RCP 4.5 and 5 417 m3·ha-1 for Echam 5A1b, with increases of 120 % and 135 %, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Colombiana de Entomología is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Agriscientia is the property of Revista AgriScientia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Agronomía & Ambiente is the property of Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Agronomía & Ambiente is the property of Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Agronomía & Ambiente is the property of Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article describes the activities and results of the project "Regional Alliance for the strengthening of the Agroindustrial sector in Risaralda", in its foresight component. Delphi method was applied to consult several experts or stakeholders from the Mora sector, based on a questionnaire, which was answered anonymously in two rounds. The goal of the study is to offer to the chain value actors a tool for making decision in topics related to science, technology, and innovation. As an important result, 26 themes in 6 thematic axes where prioritized: farming, transformation, logistics, marketing, post-harvesting, and sustainability. For the second Delphi round, nine issues were prioritized: Blackberry crop management, blackberry crop practices, record management, costs, post-harvesting, flavorings, funding sources. The participation of international experts from Mexico, Brazil, and Spain was noteworthy. This study became direct inputs to the actors of R+D+I for the adoption and generation of products and innovation process in the blackberry value chain, as well as possible training and research activities in the universities with agroindutrial focus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to highlight the local variety of Quinoa from Varvarco. The research took into account the guardian families of quinoa seeds. The team identified and interviewed family farmers; the crop was observed in situ and the information was validated in workshops with the Varvarco community. The results showed that this quinoa is part of Varvarco's historical and cultural heritage, it contributed to food security in times of economic crisis because of different historical events that affect the economy and culture of the north of Neuquén. This quinoa has been in this area for at least 90 years. The cultivation cycle is from November to March, its phenotypic characteristics and management are similar to Central Chile varieties. The study improves the knowledge of quinoa behavior to adapt the calendars, forms of crop management, soil and plant protection in other agroecosystems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Colombiana de Entomología is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Colombiana de Entomología is the property of Universidad del Valle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Agricultura Sociedad y Desarrollo is the property of Colegio de Postgraduados and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The adoption of strategies for animal husbandry and production in areas with a lack of rainfall in a certain period of the year, makes forage cactus to have a significant importance in this scenario. Forage cactus plays a central role in the socioeconomic scenario in the Brazilian Semi-arid region (SB), due to being a culture adapted to edaphoclimatic conditions, generates income and financial sustainability. SB has high average temperatures and annual average rainfall of 300-700 mm. Given this, the production of forage cactus is one of the strategies to support the coexistence of regional livestock with drought. The choice of forage cactus harvest follows the need of most producers or every two years. However, longer intervals may decrease the efficiency of the soil to produce less in longer periods of time, which suggests lower cutting frequencies for a better use of the area used for cultivation. This will allow you to maintain production and increase productivity over time. Given this context, this review aims to present pertinent information for the elaboration of a good management of cactus crop, taking into account the frequency of harvesting of the plant in a rainfed rainforest system, and its nutritional influence to supply the animal diet of cactus. ruminants and non-ruminants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Agriscientia is the property of Revista AgriScientia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Económicas CUC is the property of Corporacion Universidad de la Costa, CUC and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Within the framework of the Rice Development Program of Cuba, the introduction of techniques associated with Precision Agriculture that ensure greater efficiency in water use and crop management in these systems is of particular importance. This paper presents the preliminary results of the evaluation of Global Navigation Satellite Systems Technology (GNSS) equipment for surveying and leveling soils in rice. The selected area was in "Cubanacán" Agricultural Enterprise in Los Palacios, Pinar del Río province. The use of Topography and Design Kit GNSS Technology was evaluated along with the Laser Technology for surveying, and in addition to ground leveling, the Laser, GNSS technologies and mechanical smoothing without automatic controller were compared. The topographic survey tests showed that with GNSS Technology a productivity of 9 ha h-1 and an average fuel consumption index of 0,22 L ha-1 were obtained. In soil leveling tests, with GNSS the volume of soil to be moved was reduced by 70% using the variable slope technique. Preliminarily, it was found that the height of the water sheet was kept below 10 cm for GNSS; while in the Laser and Land Plane they increased up to 15 cm or more. The above evidenced the environmental benefits of GNSS Technology in water saving and soil conservation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research was carried out in the municipality of Bolívar - Cauca, El Tambo district, Los Milagros municipality, located at 2589 m above sea level, where the behavior of Cauca white was evaluated under 3 levels of fertilization, with 3 planting densities and 3 planting methods, under a design of subdivided plots with 3 replications and the ecotype PROCAUCA 016 with 2 planting densities and 2 levels of fertilization in a completely randomized design with 3 replications. The response variables were the phenological phases and the yield components. For the preparation of the land minimum tillage was used, the useful plot was constituted by the 3 central furrows taking 4 effective m, leaving 50 cm of head on each side and the 2 lateral furrows as edges, the treatments were determined based on analysis of soil and the experience of researchers in crop management. The productive cycle was between 116,2 and 168,6 days showing the precocity of PROCAUCA 016, in terms of yield for Blanca del Cauca, the best results were obtained with transplanting plants from sowing in commercial tray, density trickle with control fertilization and with PROCAUCA 016 the best results were obtained with sowing with trickle and ideal fertilization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Facultad de Ciencias Basicas is the property of Revista Facultad de Ciencias Basicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A diagnosis of the blackberry (Rubusglaucus Benth) production chain was made in the municipality of Pamplona, Colombia, using a mixed approach. In quantitative terms, the following variables were studied: research, good agricultural practices and post-harvest management. Qualitatively, the weaknesses of the production chain and the improvements required were studied, based on interviews with experts. As a result, it was obtained that the blackberry productive chain presents strengths, such as: sufficiency of spaces for sowing, adaptation and yield of the fruit to the soils, considerations of the medicinal and nutritional value of the product, among others. However, there are critical points regarding to the genetic improvement of crops, lack of routines for water analysis and adequate disinfection, along with bad practices in the technical management of the crop. It is also evident that producers do not use administrative tools or keep accounting records to guide decision-making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Agriscientia is the property of Revista AgriScientia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of BIOAGRO is the property of Revista BIOAGRO and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In Colombia, the diversity of agroecosystems gives the coffee characteristic flavors and aromas. A first step to know the particular aspects of each coffee region is the description of the productive systems. In the coffee crops of the Union Nariño municipality, located at 1º 36' 06" 'North latitude and 77º 00' 15'' West longitude, the coffee activity takes place in heterogeneous farms in terms of extension, distances of sowing, applied technology, organization, family structure and fundamentally in the use and management of shade; which is why it is important to typify them by integrating the social, economic and environmental dimension and establish the differences between them, know their dynamics and determine the potential and limitations to contribute to the planning, research and organization of the coffee sector. A semi-structured survey was applied to 104 coffee producers located between 1400 and 1800 meters above sea level. This information was complemented with information from institutions linked to the coffee sector. A multivariate analysis from a cluster analysis (Ward method and principal components) was applied to the variables with high correlation. Four typologies of production systems were established: coffee with shade of woody (S1), coffee semi-shade (S2), coffee-banana (S3) and the coffee cultivation system without shade (S4). Within each typology, different dynamics were found in crop management practices, leading to differences in production, quality and economic yields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Piñon is a tree that grows on all types of soil, is resistant to drought and has medicinal properties. The seeds have high oil content which is suitable for the production of biodisel. The Piñon in the Caribbean, Colombian region is planted in live fences with little knowledge of agronomic management as a crop; Therefore, the need to evaluate the agronomic behavior, production capacity and oil quality of four pinion ecotypes in the department of Córdoba, Colombia was raised. The ecotypes CPB-1 (Brazil), CPM- 6 (Mexico), Astréa (Colombia) and Barranca (Colombia) were used, under different fertilization doses, in a randomized block design, with divided plots with three replications. In treatment A was fertilized with 50 g of urea per plant, treatment B 50 g of urea plus 50 g of P2O5 and treatment C 50 g of urea plus 50 g of KCl and a control (treatment D). The statistical analysis showed that there are significant differences between ecotypes and treatments, it was determined that the Brazil Ecotype under treatment B was the one with the best results in terms of yield (3932.6 Kg ha-1). Regarding the quality of the oils for the production of Biodiesel, all the treatments presented very good results, with low acidity and Iodine indexes, and high saponification index. Therefore it is recommended to establish the fertilized Brazil ecotype with 64 g urea + 109 g DAP, for the zone of the middle Sinú. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Economía del Caribe is the property of Fundacion Universidad del Norte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Agronomía & Ambiente is the property of Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Agricultural production in the central semiarid region of Argentina (CSRA) is strongly limited by the availability of water, which is associated with the occurrence of El Niño southern Oscillation (ENSO). The aim of the work was to analyze the evolution of water stored in the soil (WSS) in different phenological stages of the corn (Zea mays L.) for early spring (ESS) and late (LSS) sowings under different ENSO conditions. To achieve the objective, daily WSS was calculated throughout the maize crop cycle in ESS (1 October) and LSS (1 December) for the period between 19502015 using the Agroagua software version 4.1. The results showed that LSS had higher WSS levels during the critical period of the crop (15 days before and 15 days after flowering) and 30 days after, than in ESS. In LSS the highest levels of WSS during the critical period of the crop were reached in La Niña years, while in ESS they were reached in El Niño years. The highest levels of WSS would be associated with higher crop productivity. However, to confirm the latter, field trials or simulations with programs to estimate the yield should be conducted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Agronomía & Ambiente is the property of Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Agro Productividad is the property of Colegio de Postgraduados and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The objective was to evaluate under field conditions, the effect of tillage and fertilization with macro and micronutrients on growth of wheat crop, root colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and the abundance of P solubilizing microorganisms in the rhizosphere. Wheat crop (cv. "Buck SY 300") growth, root mycorrhizal colonization and soil chemical characteristics were assessed during two growing seasons (two years) in Balcarce (Buenos Aires province) of a trial arranged in three completely randomized blocks with treatments arranged in split plot. The main plot treatments were tillage: non-tillage and conventional tillage and subplots following treatments: unfertilized (control); fertilized with N, P and S (NPS) and fertilized with N, P, S; Cu and Zn and micronutrients (NPS + Mi). During the second year abundance of total bacteria and P solubilizer (solP) were also assessed. Fertilization increased growth and yield of the wheat crop; however, tillage had no significant effect. Fertilization (NPS and NPS+Micronutrients) negatively affected mycorrhizal colonization, while tillage depressed root colonization only in tillering. Tillage and fertilization did not affect the abundance of total cultivable bacteria. Instead, tillage and fertilization with macro and micronutrients reduced solP abundance. We confirmed lack of tillage effect but depressive fertilization effect on mycorrhizal colonization and solP associated of wheat crop of Balcarce (Buenos Aires Province). Furthermore, this results shown that even in intensive production systems, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and soil P solubilizer bacteria are associated to the wheat crop and fertilization strategies are required in order to maintain high productivity without depressing the native soil microbial populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a rice establishment of the province of Corrientes was evaluated an axial combine equipped with a head of 25 feet draper system. Four treatments were carried on: head 625D Combine at 3 km/h (T1), at 3.5 km/h (T2), 4 km/h (T3) and 4.5 km/h (T4). The variables under study were grain losses, grain mechanical damage and noise. Mechanical damage was determinated in four locations: draper, auger feeders axial cylinder, grain wheel and grain tank. The determination of noise was with standards suggested by the Institute of Rural Engineering INTA Castelar. Conclusions: 1) Damage to the grain is primarily responsible auger feeder mechanism. 2) The draper was working efficiently with minimal damage. 3) Feeding systems (head) and the axial threshing showed no saturation even at the highest speeds of 4.5 km/h. 4) From the 3.2 km/h the system of separation and cleaning began to show saturation. 5) The sound inside the cabin was not over the standards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]