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The comparative analysis of cooperation contributes to the understanding of both its evolutionary origins and the proximate mechanisms involved in this phenomenon. This review focuses on studies of cooperation in household dogs, describing the phylogenetic and ontogenetic reasons that make dogs a good model for the study of this phenomenon, and carrying out a critical review of the research carried out in this field, particularly of research regarding cooperative situations and the cognitive abilities involved. The article also discusses hypotheses regarding the proximate mechanisms of this ability, which include emotional, motivational, and associative learning abilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]