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Durante un largo tiempo se ha considerado el trastorno por déficit de atención e hiperactividad (TDAH) como un trastorno del desarrollo, lo que en última instancia supone aceptar que las personas adultas que lo padecen lo llevarían arrastrando desde la infancia. Sin embargo, estudios longitudinales han puesto de manifiesto no solo que el TDAH puede comenzar en la adultez, sino también que este inicio tardío es lo habitual en la población adulta con TDAH. Saber si el TDAH de inicio en la adultez es un trastorno distinto al TDAH convencional resulta primordial, puesto que entraña importantes consecuencias para la práctica clínica. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

¿Es posible tener miedo a la risa? ¿Qué sucedería si percibiéramos sistemáticamente la risa de otros como una señal amenazante, malintencionada y de rechazo social? La gelotofobia hace referencia al miedo grave a que se rían de uno mismo, junto con una marcada predisposición a anticipar la burla y la ridiculización a través de la risa. En este artículo revisamos de forma sucinta los hallazgos más significativos vinculados a la gelotofobia y concluimos que aún falta mucho por hacer en la comprensión de este novedoso tema de investigación. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Depression is a main Public Health problem due to its high prevalence and to the costs for intervention and treatment. Therefore, it is necessary to identify strategies that allow an adequate assessment that would let us obtain a more precise and useful diagnosis. Nevertheless, an important obstacle for this task, is a lack of theoretical clarity in regard to diagnostic criteria or, especially, to symptoms which are relevant for depression. This fact is obvious in the scales focused on depression assessment, which have a broad variety of symptoms to assess, and it is possible to overestimate some areas or to underestimate others, related to theoretical criterions which were involved in test construction. So, depression is evaluated in accordance with the questionnaire that is used and, of course, depending of theoretical framework that supports this tool. Therefore, depression is defined in line with the criteria which evaluates it, with regard to assessment's criteria, which could explain the usual difficulty to identify common symptoms when some tools are used, which are then identified as genuine symptoms of depression. As the aim of this paper is to improve some of these limitations, the State/Trait Depression Questionnaire (ST/DEP) is showed as a useful tool for clinical and research work. It offers an assessment of one of the component of depression, the affective one, providing two measures: State and Trait. This allows to differentiate between intensity and frequency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study the first psychometric analyses of the Colombian version of the Acceptance of Modern Myths about Sexual Aggression scale (AMMSA) (Gerger, Kley, Bohner y Siebler, 2007) are presented. This scale assesses modern myths about sexual aggression in a subtle way. Two studies were conducted with college students. In Study 1, 312 students completed the Colombian AMMSA and other scales with related content (Sexism Ambivalent Inventory, ASI, and Rape Myth Acceptance Scale, RMAS). In Study 2, 196 participants completed the Colombian AMMSA and answered questions about a hypothetical sexual assault. The Colombian AMMSA showed high internal consistency (Study 1, a = .87; Study 2 α = α .86). Correlations between AMMSA scores and variables selected in order to obtain external evidences of validity supported the initial hypotheses. Compared to traditional rape myth acceptance scales, mean scores on the AMMSA were higher and their distributions more closely approximated normality. These findings suggest that the Colombian version of the AMMSA scale is a useful instrument to study the social perception of sexual aggression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study analyzes the psychological problems - sleep quality and psychopathological features - derived from shiftwork including nights and the possible influence of workers' sleep quality on certain psycopathological variables. To do so, a sample of shift workers (n = 197) was compared to a sample of regular schedule workers (n = 40) in the same professional context. Participants answered the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index and the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised. The results show the poor sleep quality and the high level of psychopathology of shift workers compared to regular schedule workers. The study also proves that subjective sleep quality, daytime dysfunction, sleep latency and sleep disturbances explain 35% of the total variance of the Global Symptom Index. Finally, the results highlight that poor sleep quality is highly relevant in explaining certain psychopathological features. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]