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Copyright of Alternativas: Cuadernos de Trabajo Social is the property of Alternativas: Cuadernos de Trabajo Social and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Direito da Cidade is the property of Editora da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (EdUERJ) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acciones e Investigaciones Sociales is the property of Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y del Trabajo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of História Unisinos is the property of Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Argentina de Estudios de Juventud is the property of Universidad Nacional de La Plata and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

During the course 2018-19 a group of activists from Amnesty International - Asturias, Spain, developed a workshop aimed at provoking a reflection about the working conditions that underlie our electronic devices. Through knowledge and experimentation, in this case about cobalt produced in the Democratic Republic of Congo, our aim was to defend the power of our decisions as consumers, so promoting a change in our consumption habits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the first organisations of working children and adolescents (NNAT) emerged in the 1980's in Bolivia, they have been leading ongoing actions in collaboration with and against the State, including the writing of the New Constitution in 2008-9 and of the New Child and Adolescents Code in 2013-14. As a social movement, they have been fighting for their rights to work, to have special legal protections for being working children and to be involved in the design of laws and policies that affect them. As part of a broader ethnographic investigation, this article focuses on the history of the the representations of childhood and work that are still today dominant in most international organisations, and on how some bolivian NNAT confront them and define more contextualised and inclusive rights. Overall, this work shows that there is no universal way of being a child, and that children and adolescents must be considered as actors in the social and political spheres. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Internacional y Comparada de Relaciones Laborales y Derecho del Empleo is the property of ADAPT University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Internacional y Comparada de Relaciones Laborales y Derecho del Empleo is the property of ADAPT University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Internacional y Comparada de Relaciones Laborales y Derecho del Empleo is the property of ADAPT University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Internacional y Comparada de Relaciones Laborales y Derecho del Empleo is the property of ADAPT University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The early incorporation to agricultural activities is the main obstacle for children to dispose of the necessary time to attend school, the lack of educational infrastructure and also the permance of cultural customes and norms are also contributing factors. It is calculated that around 6 million persons migrate each year to different regions of México, of these people more than 70% are of indigenous origins. In this process there is death, child labour and migration combined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Occupational Health is a transdisciplinary activity relatively less known and under-developed in Mexico. Its objective is the well-being of workers: physical, mental and social spheres. Hygiene, safety, ergonomics, psychology, medicine, physiotherapy, rehabilitation, sociology, anthropology, law and economics, are some examples of the disciplines involved in the field of Occupational Health. Child labour is all productive activity carried out by persons under 18 years old, with or without compensation, which is harmful to their physical, mental and social development. In Mexico more than 2.5 million children and adolescents face this situation. Most of them work in the informal sector where hazardous work environment may exist and occupational health activities or at least, occupational medicine services are missing. Promoting the work of children is not a moral act but poverty and inequity that force them to work in some countries is happening every day. Without better alternatives, eradication of child labour in the short or medium term does not seem a realistic goal. This paper highlights the need for a new way of thinking about child labour: child work that is safe. Social and professional awareness about the reality of child labour and occupational health potential could represent the opportunity to at least make child labour into safe child work. Physicians may have a privileged position to lead that transformation, if provided with the right training and tools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This note is the description of the qualitative methodological approach adopted for the doctoral research on child labour in flower farms in Mexico. It shows the main strategies employed as well as the problems that had to be dealt with when addressing the situation of a vulnerable social group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Children from various indigenous origins spend a long time in the field, working on different agricultural tasks, according to their age and gender. Instead, they should be at school, receiving a quality education in their own language. With the Modalidad Educativa Intercultural para la Población Infantil Migrante (MEIPIN), since 1999, intercultural education was established as a guideline for migrant farm indigenous children, and later was continued in the Programa Educación Primaria para Niñas y Niños Migrantes (PRONIM). In this article the educational activities around intercultural education for this population from the studies conductes by the education sector are analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Investigium IRE: Ciencias Sociales y Humanas is the property of Editorial Institucion Universitaria Centros de Estudios Superiores Maria Goretti and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of AIS: Ars Iuris Salmanticensis is the property of Ediciones Universidad de Salamanca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

It is deeply interesting that although there is a National Strategy to Prevent and Eliminate the Worst Forms of Child Labour in Colombia, the numbers related to child labour are still high. That is why arises the need to review this situation by proposing recommendations for the optimization of this strategy. Therefore, considering the labour reforms conducted by the Government so at the end of the 20th Century as at the beginning of the 21st Century, as well as in the context of social inequialities that characterizes the country, is that have been linked these realities such as main causes of child labour and the maintenance of large numbers of this situation. With it also arises a propposal to connect these aspects in order to promote and implement the concept of decent work so also to eliminate the impoverishment of the adult labour force, to protect the population younger than 18 years old of the worst forms of child labour and, consequently, to decrease the high rates of this problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the first third of the nineteenth century, Córdoba city experienced a transition from the Bourbon monarchy to the first attempts of a republican government. The aim of this research was to examine the status of childhood in Córdoba city at that time, in the sense of how children occupied their own time, specifically from the job standpoint and what could have caused temporal variations regarding thereof. To that goal, the 1813 and 1832 censuses were analysed in relation to children and "occupation" by age, ethno-social group and gender. The results showed a high rate of employment, particularly at older ages and among non-Spanish group, and a higher proportion of trades for men and domestic jobs for women; between censuses, labour was more conspicuous in 1813, when the profession "student" had lower incidence. Features commented here were also found in later periods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Estudios Sociológicos is the property of El Colegio de Mexico AC and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This research assesses the extent of child labor in Latin American schools and examines the factors associated with it. The study draws on data from UNESCO‘s Second Regional Comparative and Explanatory Study (SERCE), which analyzes 186,000 third and sixth grade students from sixteen of the region's countries. One of the main findings of our research was that child labor, both within the home as well as outside it, is a serious problem, affecting students in all of the countries involved. Those most likely to work outside the home are male students living in rural areas and having less educated mothers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reflects on the experience and strengths of girls and adolescents who work as domestic servants in Peru, living in social exclusion and participate in the Movement of Children and Adolescents Organized Workers of Peru (MNNATSOP). This will consider the contributions of prominence Child approach, Sociology of Children and the Gender Perspective as to the sexual division of labour in childhood. We analyse the origin and context of labour migration situations experienced by girls, the invisibility of domestic work, and the role of money, discrimination and violation of their rights, how they express gender roles, expectations and ways involved in social organizations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Ciencias Sociales (13159518) is the property of Revista de Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad del Zulia Venezuela and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ensayos de Política Económica is the property of Pontificia Universidad Catolica Argentina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The investigation describes the familiar and social factors of high risk associated with child labour. The sample of intentional character, was made up of 835 children and teenagers between 6 and 17 years (average of 10.6 years and DT = 2.2) of the cities of Barranquilla, Santa Marta, and Cartagena, which participated in the project "Educate First Your Colombia "during the year 2008. The results presented relevant data on the State population partner participating children, familiar characteristics and social conditions, to help establish a baseline updated and pave way for the construction of effective intervention strategies on a scourge that flogs the children and young people not only of Colombia but worldwide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Economía Aplicada is the property of Revista de Economia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Revista Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales, Niñez y Juventud is the property of Centro de Estudiso Avanzados en Ninez y Juventud alaianza Cinde, Universidad de Manizales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Acciones e Investigaciones Sociales is the property of Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y del Trabajo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The purpose of this article is to show that the strong increase in internal displacement and international emigration in Colombia during the last years has had repercussions in terms of child labour. On the one hand, because migration tends to enhance the vulnerability of minors to the risks of labour and sexual exploitation, especially when migration is autonomous. On the other hand, because even when parents are the ones who migrate there is no guarantee that the remittances they send contribute to financing the education of children left behind. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Politica y Sociedad is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)