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This research analyzes the economic effects of Oportunidades on all sectors and their impact on poverty and inequality in Mexico, through linear general equilibrium models. Important results have mainly affected the sectors due to the elimination of transfers from the program for the tertiary sector. This affects the total output of the economy, the first five deciles of households, and recreation, rental housing and other services. In addition, both moderate and extreme poverty would increase by less than one per cent while inequality continue to submit the same initial proportion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Collectivist values, based on the ideas of egalitarian social compromise have been basic to the construction of the Welfare State, but today tend to break. Immigration and population heterogeneity thus hinder the identification of citizens with collective values. By contrast, emerging new values based on individual merit, which tends to generate a polarization of attitudes. For those profiles that have been the traditional working class, the social closure is a defence mechanism against competition for redistribution, which is reflected in negative views toward immigration. For those who make up the middle class, high level of education, high income and upper middle position, opinion on immigration and demand for solidarity is not a preferred option because they rely on the success of their individual trajectories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper offers a theoretical discussion of the concept of income in classic economic literature and an estimate of hydrocarbon income in Argentina in the period following the deregulation of the oil sector and the sale of the State company YP S.E. The following are among the main considerations: the increase in joint income after change in national exchange rate policy in 2002 and the rise in energy prices, producer participation in income acquisition for the period 1993-2003, the rise in the income acquired by the National State and consumers by retaining oil exports and the lack of sustainable energy objectives through secondary income distribution on the part of the State. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present work seeks to demonstrate that it is possible to obtain rates that incorporate the distribution of income and that simultaneously they area efficient. R is a work that is sustained in the theoretical foundations of the microeconomics and of the economy of welfare and of the restrictions that it presents to fix prices based on marginal costs. The model that is applied suggests that the price that a company of public services should establish, either private or public, is a price that takes into account, to a certain extent, effects on the distribution of Income, as well as the effects in the assignment of resources, introducing certain explicit judgements value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]