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An analysis of the literature showed a high prevalence of HCV in the European dialysis population in the nineties. The prevalence was similar in most countries in northern Europe, but infection was more common in France, Italie, Spain, Portugal and Greek (1) and in Eastern European countries (2). The reported prevalence of anti-HCV-positive patients in the EDTA registry was 21% in 1992 and 18% in 1993 (3) ranging from 1% in Finland to 42% in Egypt (4). The incidence of HCV, in new patients starting renal replacement therapy, ranged from 3% to 7% (5,6) and reported seroconversion rates during dialysis treatment varied between 1% (7) and 16% (8) per year. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]