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Copyright of Revista Técnica Energía is the property of Centro Nacional de Control de Energia CENACE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Teoría de la Educación. Revista Interuniversitaria is the property of Ediciones Universidad de Salamanca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Historia 396 is the property of Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Valparaiso, Instituto de Historia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article studies the biography produced in the Venezuelan 19th century, trying to establish an approach to its general characteristics and its production during that century; this objective, based on the evaluation of some balances, bibliographic repertories and inventories and a search in different national libraries, archives, repositories and newspaper archives, allowed to relate approximately one hundred and sixty elaborations of this type, published over two stages: one between the decades of 1850 and 1860 and another, marked by the predominance of the liberal political current, between 1870 and 1899. From the nineteenth-century Venezuelan biography, after its analysis as a set in which there is variety observed in terms of purposes, scope, editorial preparation, historical criteria, narrative style, contextual examination, extension, use and treatment of sources; can be highlighted, among its general characteristics, the epic and heroic charge related to expressions of providentialism, the commendable sign, the archetypal factory with moralizing purposes, the spacious political content, the propaganda utility at the service of power and the apology to the leader. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista CIENCIA UNEMI is the property of Universidad Estatal de Milagro (UNEMI) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article analyses the changes experienced by the families of the workers of the now extinct company Luz y Fuerza del Centro after the Mexican government abruptly shut down the company. This caused workers (who were used to secure jobs with security and benefits) to face the daily search for survival. The findings discussed here are based on interviews conducted in a small town, which was almost entirely economically dependent on the aforementioned company. Along with the article, it has been tried to show how feelings of uncertainty in the face of unemployment are produced and managed; besides the impact, it has on the family, and how individuals implement a variety of survival strategies. A review is made of a process of degradation of the employment relationship, which allows us to observe from a privileged perspective all the changes that take place in the lives of individuals, families, and communities after the rupture of stable employment ties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Given the differences between physical assets and IT assets (also called digital assets), a methodology for managing digital assets obsolescence is proposed, which seeks to support decision making based on the risk of obsolescence. The aim is to identify the likelihood and impact of obsolescence on each asset in order to determine actions to be taken. As a case study, some steps of the methodology were implemented in four digital assets used in the Colombian electric power industry. The methodology can be used and adapted by any company to manage its IT assets, whether hardware of software. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The approximation of G/G/s models from Markov models M/M/s has been studied in the literature. The study of a queue model is detailed in the present article, using times of arrivals and time service distributed by Weibull whose estimation of parameters was performed with the Bayesian method Monte Carlo Markov chain, specifically the Gibbs sampler. The approximations of this model of waiting lines is evaluated by simulation. This methodology was applied to the case of delivery of refreshments to students of the University of Magdalena in Santa Marta, Colombia. The results show the utility and power to calculate indicators of a queue system when both, the arrival and attention times, are distributed as a Weibull. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work evaluated the environmental management in three subsidiaries -one of them operates locally, and the others, nationally- of Unión Eléctrica de Cuba -the stated-owned utility responsible for managing and operating the electric grid-, by using ISO 14001 standard that defines criteria for an environmental management system. A cost-benefit analysis was performed, taking into account the literature on this subject, and measuring direct and indirect variation in these three subsidiary companies belonging to the Cuban energy sector between 2009 and 2016. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to determine the technical efficiency of Mexico's electricity sector in period 2008-2015, using Data Envelopment Analysis methodology with bootstrap in order to give more validity to observations obtained. With the study it was possible to determine that none of the thirteen divisions analyzed obtained the optimum level of efficiency, however, Baja California and North divisions obtained the highest efficiency indexes in the sector in the study period. Otherwise, the Southeast division was the least efficient. It is concluded that although it has been able to supply the demand for electric energy that the country requires, it is important to continue with studies of this nature, which allow the formulation of policies aimed at improving efficiency of the sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Historia Contemporanea is the property of Historia Contemporania and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: The application of the ISO 14000 Standard for environmental management in Cuban companies, demonstrates the high degree of concern of the Cuban State, to achieve sustainable development, with an impact on the economic and social, without prejudice to what the generations present can bequeath to future generations. The objective of this paper is to demonstrate the progress achieved through the results of the application of this rule in three companies of the Electric Union of the Ministry of Energy and Mines in Cuba. Methods: Diagnostic of the problem of study and characterization of companies. The guide prepared by the Electric Union was applied to evaluate the implementation of the ISO 14000 Standard. Results: In the three cases of study; The Electric Company of the Island of Youth, Hydroenergy and the Maintenance Company to Power Plants, evidenced the importance of applying the ISO 14000 Standard on Environmental Management Systems, to diagnose the variables that affect the efficiency of the company and contribute, to preserve the environment, with the consequent proposal of corrective measures to amend the damage caused by industrial waste and achieve savings of raw materials, water and fuel. Conclusions: The consistent application of the ISO 14000 Standard in Cuban companies constitutes a guarantee to achieve the objectives of sustainable development with impact on the economic and social, in the Electric Union on Cuba. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

En las últimas dos décadas Panamá ha triplicado su capacidad de generación eléctrica; sobre todo, a partir de la hidroelectricidad. Además, ha experimentado un crecimiento en energías renovables y, gracias al avance tecnológico en gas, se ha convertido en un centro energético para Centroamérica y el Caribe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Even though the institutional reforms of the electricity markets of Mexico and Spain have had a short time of implementation, we can obtain interesting reflections based on the discussion regarding the conditions that an adequate institutional design must have in order to promote competition. In this article we analyze the recent reforms that have been implemented both in Mexico and in Spain in their respective electric sectors. The institutional designs of both countries are compared according to the new legislations and the convenience of merging various sectoral regulatory bodies among them and with antitrust authorities is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to identify the key determinants of Chilean spot power price and assess their relative importance in recent price decline. To do so, we use a VAR model with weekly data between the years 2015-2016 and variance decomposition analysis to attribute variations of marginal cost to different shocks. The results show that while the availability of water for hydropower and lower fuel prices are important for explaining power spot prices, they only account for 50%-75% of the marginal cost's variance, leaving 25%-50% to other factors, such as more renewable generation and lower generation from oil sources, among other factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The problem of demand and energy consumption control in productive and service companies constitutes an important opportunity for the reduction of the expenses associated to the use of the electric power. The presently work offers a compensation model based on the technique of genetics algorithms that allow to supplement the manual procedure of demand control, usually denominated accommodation of loads, in such a way that minimum energy consumption is obtained in the pick schedule, with maximum demand and a minimum discontinuity of the load graph. The resulting procedure was implemented using the tools of programming of the MATLAB version 7.8 (R2010a) of the Global Optimization Toolbox. The effectiveness of the method is demonstrated through its application to a case of real study in the area of services to the production of the Tínima Brewery Company of Camagüey, Cuba. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the problem of power loss reduction in the distribution power systems without affecting the supplied electrical service quality. An approach of this problem using a methodology for the multi-objective reconfiguration is proposed. In the statement of the problem two objective functions are used: The Net Actual Value of Costs (VANC) and the Equivalent Duration of Interrupted Power (DEPI). While in the model's solution a Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-II) is used, which is an evolutionary algorithm implemented in MATLAB from where a feasible set of solutions is obtained. The methodology proposed is used in the reconfiguration of circuits Y-410, Y-283 and Y-285 in the Camagüey city, Cuba, where the power losses were reduced in 51.7 kW, improving in that way the quality of the service supplied, diminishing to 0.3966 hours/year the equivalent hours in which the electric service fails for each kVA installed in the clients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents obtaining the frequency response in transformers, in service (on-line FRA test), through the injection of controlled signals and employing a new algorithm for the analysis of transitory signals. A system hardware was used for the injection of controlled pulses on the 60 Hz; this system can inject signals and change its amplitude, width and phase, ensuring a high spectral content and control of it. According to the results, it was observed how the new method provided greater confidence in the results, so the place to bring a reliable on-line transformer monitoring through the FRA technique is innovative and much interest to electric utilities, because now in the FRA test will be not necessary to interrupt the power supply, eliminating the high costs generated by having to de energized the transformer, the importance of the implemented system is that is capable to monitor the transformer from a smart grid in order to make timely decisions in the actual state of operation based on the equipment condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

En Latinoamérica las estrategias de reducción de pérdidas no técnicas de energía han impulsado la implementación de los sistemas de medición centralizada (SMC). Los SMC, además de incluir las funciones básicas de un sistema AMI, se caracterizan por integrar la medida de múltiples usuarios dentro de una caja diseñada para su instalación en postes, con el fin de restringir el acceso de los usuarios al medidor de energía. En la actualidad la mayoría de los equipos SMC disponibles comercialmente presentan una mezcla de tecnologías, cuyas interfaces y modelos de datos son de carácter propietario, lo que genera un grave problema de interoperabilidad, en parte, originado porque los estándares internacionales están orientados para su aplicación en medidores de energía individuales. Se propone, entonces, en este trabajo un conjunto de estándares al nivel de tecnologías, protocolos de intercambio de información y modelos de datos que pueden ser aplicados en SMC. The non-technical energy losses reduction strategies have stimulated the development of centralized metering systems (cms) in Latin America. Furthermore to include ami systems basic functions, the cms embed the measurement of multiple users in a cabinet. To avoid the utility customers getting access to the energy meter, each cabinet is mounted on top of an electrical pole. Currently, the major commercially available cms equipment is setting up with several technologies, which involves owner interfaces and data models. This issue generates an interoperability problem since international standards are based on measurement architectures for the use of individual meters. This paper proposes a set of both information exchange protocols and standardized data models that could be implemented in cms equipments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The interconnection of the Central Interconnected System (SIC for its initials in Spanish) with the Northern Interconnected System (SING) have been one of the trending topics in the year 2013 in the Chilean electric industry. Two are the projects that are on target for the interconnection; a high voltage alternating current (HVAC) 500 kV connection, proposed by the French utility GDF SUEZ, and a high voltage direct current (HVDC) ±500 kV planned by the CNE, the Chilean electric regulator entity. Both projects have important differences in technology and there's not too much technical evidence of the problems that could arise in the operation, caused by the SIC-SING interconnection. Low frequency oscillations are studied in this work, using modal analysis for both interconnection projects. A SIC-SING model is developed using DigSilent software, considering 2019 as the year of a possible union of the networks. Two generation scenarios are studied; one where the central system (SIC) sends 1.000 MW to the northern system (SING), and another one where the SING sends 800 MW to the SIC. The modal analysis results show that interconnecting both systems with the HVAC gives arise to a 0.5 Hz unstable oscillation mode. This unstable mode has it origin on the interconnection and it's related to a group of steam machines on the SING system. Whether the SIC-SING system is connected with the HVAC or the HVDC, 0.9 Hz weakly damped modes are observed in both systems. These modes are related to the evolution of the systems at 2019. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cogeneration power plants connected to industrial processes have a direct impact on the overall efficiency of the plant and therefore on the economic results. Any modification to the thermal outline of these plants must first include an exergetic analysis to compare the benefits it can bring the new proposal. This research is performed to a cogeneration plant in operation with an installed electrical capacity of 24 MW and process heat demand of 190 MW, it shows a study made from the Second Law of Thermodynamics. Exergetic evaluation of each component of the plant was applied and similarly modified cogeneration scheme was evaluated. The results illustrate that the exergy losses and irreversibilities are completely different from one subsystem to another. In general, the total exergy destruction represented 70,7% from the primary fuel exergy. Steam generator was the subsystem with the highest irreversibility of the plant with 54%. It was demonstrated that the increase of the steam parameters lead to reduce exergy destruction and exergy efficiency elevation. The suppression of the reduction system and the adding of an extraction-condensing steam turbine produce the same effect and contribute to drop off the electrical consumption from the grid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The especial characteristics of the Spanish electricity industry hinder the effective competition, in spite of the liberalization process developed. The high concentration in this industry facilitates the possible exercise of market power with the following negative consequences on electricity prices. Likewise, the high energy dependency and the greater participation of renewable energies would have an important impact on prices too. The aim of this paper is to analyze the effects of the liberalization of the Spanish electricity industry on the competition by means of an economic and institutional approach and, by extension, study other factors that have an impact on the household electricity prices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes State powers over the Mexican electricity industry. The 2013-2014 energy reform replaced the hybrid single buyer model --flawed as a result of excessive government intervention-- with a wholesale electricity market that will gradually be extended to all users. To maximize competition, the State has retained ample and numerous powers to intervene through the Ministry of Energy. The transition from a public monopoly to an open market entails significant risks, which Mexico aims to minimize with strong political authority and a relatively controlled market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The new electricity industry is evolving in market activities. The first electricity market models considering only one traded commodity: energy. All the supportive services, ancillary services (SA), were imputed in the energy price. Currently, the supportive services are clearly defined. In some electricity markets concurrent spot markets exist for some of the supportive services. In an unbundled electricity market, Generation Companies (GenCos) may participate in the provision of different services. Two concurrent spot markets are considered in this paper: energy and spinning reserve. Optimal self-scheduling for a GenCo is formulated in a real options framework. In the context of electricity producing firms, real options approach (ROA) can be used as a method of identifying and quantifying the contingent decisions embedded in owning generation assets. It enhances the potential to improve greatly the effectiveness of operating decisions and to unlock hidden assets. The bids for reserve are submitted on a day-to-day basis. The bids consist of a capacity and energy price. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the purpose of conducting a technological renewal of the systems that support the energy market management in Colombia, a new model of requirements addressing in detail the modeling of processes, together with software specifications, has been developed. The new model provides relevant guidelines to use GMPN and UML standards and is supported by the company's experience in market management processes. This article shows the results found after applying the new model of requirements intended to gain knowledge on market management process, formal representation of processes, improvement of traceability between system specifications and the process, and standardization of the understanding of processes by several stakeholders involved. This article further exhibits the results from the application of the model based on the technological renewal within the COLCIENCIAS technological research project "CNBT 833559938649, a System for Electric Energy Market Management in Colombia, Phase I." [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The subject of this article is to show an overview of a problem that occurred in the Peruvian Electricity Sector in 2004 and, unfortunately, still produces practical and legal effects in the current system. We refer to the "physical withdrawals of capacity and energy from the SEIN for the attention of the regulated market", by the different distribution companies without having a PPA signed and valid with any generating power company. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Public relations and corporate social responsibility share perspectives in managing the interactions between the organization and its stakeholders. However, from the standpoint of some of the theoretical and applied insights, public relations have had a negative connotation of appearance and hiding of information. In this paper we present the findings of an exploratory- type research, aimed at determining what role public relations play in the management of social responsibility programs of a group of companies within the Colombian electric power industry. The findings indicate that, among the respondents, no unified concept is being handled on what public relations are, and cases were found where the point of views regarding such social responsibility programs is negative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the history and development of the electricity industry in Mexico from 1870-1910. The author comments on the entrepreneurial advancements and technological innovations that were implemented during this period and describes the proliferation of electricity throughout public spaces. An examination of the business planning and strategies in this industry is also provided.

Copyright of Revista Técnica Energía is the property of Centro Nacional de Control de Energia CENACE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Técnica Energía is the property of Centro Nacional de Control de Energia CENACE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Técnica Energía is the property of Centro Nacional de Control de Energia CENACE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper presents a strategy for a generator to participate and to mitigate the risk effect of price volatility in the Colombian wholesale electricity market. The strategy is used to optimize the generator participation in the long-term market (bilateral market) and the spot market. Additionally, the strategy mitigates the risk of price exposure in the sport market using electricity forward contracts. Numerical results shows that the proposed methodology is more efficient than classical optimization models since this proposal considers the intrinsic price volatility of the long-term and spot markets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Técnica Energía is the property of Centro Nacional de Control de Energia CENACE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Técnica Energía is the property of Centro Nacional de Control de Energia CENACE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Técnica Energía is the property of Centro Nacional de Control de Energia CENACE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Técnica Energía is the property of Centro Nacional de Control de Energia CENACE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Técnica Energía is the property of Centro Nacional de Control de Energia CENACE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Técnica Energía is the property of Centro Nacional de Control de Energia CENACE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Técnica Energía is the property of Centro Nacional de Control de Energia CENACE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The purpose of this research work is to identify the human and social development in rural areas where electric energy plays an important role in the way people make decisions, and its role in the life quality improvement, which is measured as the satisfaction of Maslow's basic needs. The described simulation model, based on agents (ABM), jointly with the results of performed simulations allow characterizing and concluding with regard to the impact of the incorporation of electric energy in the development of a rural region. The study exhibits that communities have the capability to adapt and generate an increase in the quality of life by means of the use of electric power in the day-to-day life, allowing to show that the incorporation of electric energy in the area is a tool that enables the development of the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Gerencia Tecnologica Informatica is the property of Universidad Industrial de Santander and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In recent years, Colombia has been implementing agreements and regulations for the proper handling and final disposal of hazardous waste, because the amount generated each time is increasing and the adverse impact that these residues in human health and environment. The Fuller earth is an inorganic adsorbent material (mainly aluminosilicate mineral) used in the electrical industry for the regeneration of dielectric oil, a derivative of petroleum used as an electrical and thermal insulation in power transformers. After oil regeneration process, the content of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (or PAH's by its initials in english) that has Fuller earth it become a hazardous waste that requires proper treatment to reduce its pollution and allows its reuse or safely dispose in a landfill. This is why in this article reviews the available technologies for treating this type of hazardous waste (Fuller earth contaminated with dielectric oil), dividing the treatments into two streams, physic-chemical technologies and biological, exploring alternatives appropriate and effective treatment. The limited information about existing treatments of Fuller earth contaminated with dielectric oil have guided the review in terms of the technologies implemented in hydrocarbon contaminated soils being the analogy valid due to the similar physical characteristics presented by Fuller earth with respect to a low soil carbon content. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El artículo presenta decretos y resoluciones en el área de Derecho de Energía de la Unión Europea (UE) y España emitidos entre octubre de 2012 y enero de 2013. Los temas incluyen directiva sobre eficiencia energética de la UE, resolución sobre tarifas de producción de energía eléctrica en España y una sentencia de la Audiencia Nacional de España sobre la planificación del sector eléctrico.

In the second half of the seventeenth century lived an unusual Philippines blow against the Governor and Captain-General Diego de Salcedo, who was arrested by the Inquisition of the islands and processed. Process that was the end of a confrontation as never lived among different networks of power and ended with the intervention of the Court and the unanimous condemnation of all participants in those events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The inconveniences of the reactive power are presented and from this are carried out the mathematical models of its economic effects applicable to secondary power systems. The effects taken into account are: the costs of the capacitors banks, the expenses of paying-off to the banks, the expenses of power losses to the banks, the benefits for the improvement of the power factor, included the reduction of power loss in the system, as well as the benefits for the liberation of the load capacity, to the case of companies where the latest aspect can represent an economic attractiveness. For the analysis after and before compensation, are consider load flow algorithm witch load model adjust. According to electrical tariff structures in Cuba, these effects are integrated in a function of economic analysis, for this case the net actual value, which serves as base for the position of the optimization problem, which can derive in the correct selection of the devices compensators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]