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Neospora caninum is the etiological agent of neosporosis in cattle and dogs. It is considered one of the leading causes of abortion in cows. Dogs are considered the definitive host; in intrauterine infected and immunosuppressed dogs, it causes multisystemic lesions. The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence against Neospora caninum in urban and rural dogs from the southeast of the State of Mexico and its association with risk factors for these species. Through a non-probabilistic convenience sampling, 70 serum samples were obtained from dogs from an urban area and 76 from a rural area. Information on age, gender, diet and environment was obtained through a questionnaire. The statistical analysis was applied by means of Chi square, as well as the determination of the odds ratio (OR) and discriminant multiple linear regression. The general seropositivity to Neospora caninum by IFAT was 51.3% (75/146), in urban dogs, it was 48.6%, and 53.9% in rural dogs (p=0.314). As for the age risk factor, seropositivity was higher as it increased; the consumption of placentas was recognized as a risk factor. A wide distribution of Neospora caninum was identified in dogs as well as constant exposure to it in the area studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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