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The objective is to evaluate the processes of social cognition related to mind theory and executive functions in religious leaders of three doctrines. The study is cross-sectional and comparative. The instruments used were the Test of the Gaze, the Test of Paw Meets or Intentional Social Errors of the original "Faux Pass" and the Empathy Quotient to evaluate social cognition and Mind Theory. The results show differences in cognitive processes and executive functions between doctrinal groups. It concludes about the importance of research for the understanding of cognitive processes in religious leaders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study has a double purpose. The first is to analyse two of the variables involved in the understanding of the faux pas in autism (Intelligence Quotient – IQ - and False Belief – FB). The second is to examine in detail the difficulties encountered in the Faux Pas test, when autistic individuals were divided into two groups according to their IQ (Group 1 = IQ range 100 – 120, Group 2 = IQ range 70 – 85). Four stories from the Faux Pas test (Baron-Cohen, O'Riordan, Stone, Jones, & Plaisted, 1999) were adapted (vignettes and narration in Spanish), and two groups of autistic children (N = 34) between 7 and 12 years of age (M = 9.6, SD = 1.55) responded through forced-choice answers and verbal explanations. The results demonstrated the predictive capacity of full-scale IQ (r = 0.53; p < 0.001; R 2 = 0.28) and FB (r = 0.51; p < 0.001; R 2 = 0.26) in the performance of the Faux Pas test. Verbal IQ and FB could explain 40% of the variability in the results of the Faux Pas test. Significant differences were found overall in the forced-choice responses, and more specifically in ii) the recognition of the speaker, and vii) the ignorance of the information, as well as in their verbal explanations. Findings are discussed in depth due to their possible impact on the daily lives of autistic individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Theory of Mind (ToM) is one of the most important dimensions of Social Cognition (SC); it is of great interest for research in Development Psychology, Cognitive Psychology, Neuropsychology, and Social Neuroscience as well as for clinical practice. It has stimulated the creation and validation of instruments to asses this dimension as a cognitive process, but there are few instruments like these in Spanish and less to evaluating children and adolescents. Objective: This paper reports the adaptation into Spanish of four instruments to asses ToM: The Theory of Mind Battery, The Theory of Mind Inventory-2, the Reading the Mind in the Eyes and the Faux Pas Test. Method: The adaptation process was made in two steps first, translation and, second, cultural adaptation. To verify the results a pilot testing was carried out in two groups, one with children between 4 and 13 years old and other with children and adolescents between 6 and 17 years old. Results: Instruments adapted into Spanish are presented as results highlighting the main adjustments made to each tool. Discussion: The importance of creating a protocol with statistical validation to asses ToM are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]