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Gender parity has been associated with higher company productivity; however, various empirical studies have presented mixed results. This study analyzes the relationship between gender parity and the productivity of companies in the manufacturing industry in Colombia in the period 2000-2019. The methodology used consists of using the Levinsohn and Petrin (2003) model to calculate total factor productivity at the firm level and panel data models to detail the effect of gender parity on firm productivity. The results reflect that the participation of women in this industry has decreased, mainly influenced by a reduction in women laborer participation. On the other hand, there is a significant segregation in the industry, with a high concentration of women in activities such as the manufacture of clothing, and a limited participation in activities such as the manufacture of metallurgical products. Estimates indicate that a more balanced gender composition in administrative and professional, technical and technological personnel is related to higher productivity, especially in small and medium-sized enterprises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Panorama Económico is the property of Universidad de Cartagena and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Biológico Agropecuaria Tuxpan is the property of Revista Biologico Agropecuaria Tuxpan and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Inclusive and sustainable economic growth is a fundamental objective of development, and one which seeks to address inequality. Working from this premise, this article sets out to determine the characteristics of the companies with the highest wealth concentration in Ecuador, as well as to identify the variables that affect business inclusion, and to propose alternatives for inclusive growth with the participation of MSMEs. This article employs the Gini coefficient to determine the level of economic concentration and to study companies' financial management models. The findings revealed high inequality indexes: profitability over assets, indebtedness, age, and financial leverage as predictors of the probability of belonging to the most successful category. There is therefore a clear need to implement public policies aimed at promoting productivity and socially responsible behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Informacion Comercial Espanola Revista de Economia is the property of S.G.E.E.I.P.C., Secretaria de Estado de Comercio, Ministerio de Industria, Comercio y Turismo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this paper we studied the effect of two voluntary environmental programs (ISO 14001 and Clean Industry) on product, process, organisational and marketing innovation of companies located in Aguascalientes, Guanajuato, Queretaro and San Luis Potosi. The biprobit probabilistic method was used, and a sample of 1,663 firms from the four entities and which were extracted from the Encuesta sobre Investigacion y Desarrollo Tecnologico 2014. The results reveal that there is a positive and significant effect on the probability that companies in this region innovate in products, process, organisational or marketing when they adopt the ISO 14001 standard or the Clean Industry certification. The finding strengthens the hypothesis that voluntary environmental instruments, such as the ISO 14001 standard and the Clean Industry certification, favor innovation activities in companies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Espacios is the property of Talleres de Impresos Oma and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Retos, Revista de Ciencias Administrativas y Económicas is the property of Universidad Politecnica Salesiana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

CEO's political activism is understood as the participation in current controversial issues, when these are not directly related to the general management or economic aspects of the firm. This study analyzes the public interventions of the presidents of 18 Spanish reference companies through the collection of public information (n = 1,952). Such information is published at their virtual press room to identify political, social or environmental issues in presidents' speeches. It is concluded that CEO activism is a challenge for organizational communication that has not yet exploited the managerial ability to intervene in issues outside the market. Climate change appears as the most attractive lever for public discourse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Electrónica Gestión de las Personas y Tecnologías is the property of Revista Electronica Gestion de las Personas y Tecnologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

After a brief review of contemporary Mexican policy on science and technology we locate innovation experiences of firms in the context of innovation systems and market failures. Given the purpose of competitiveness as related to local innovation policy, the focus must be to solve the market failures inhibiting the firms' willingness to assume innovation risks and uncertainty. Most of all the failure of higher rates of profitability for non-tradeables, which are discriminating against tradeables in higher competition and more uncertain outcomes. For the most part there is also a lack of continuity in the participation of firms in the programs of subsidies for innovation projects. In conclusion we argue for a highly differentiated policy according to sectors and states. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of eHumanista is the property of Professor Antonio Cortijo-Ocana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Politica y Sociedad is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The objective of this paper is to understand the dynamics of environmental certificates by micro, small, medium and big firms in the context of the regions of Mexico. The results confirm that the big and medium firms on average are those with a major stake in environmental certification. The region 5, where the states of Nuevo Leon and Coahuila appear, on average, is above the other regions in the number of firms with environmental certificates. Also in this region the big and medium firm is one that has the highest incidence in this type of certification. It is suggested that due to the costs of environmental auditing, big firms with sufficient monetary resources, can implement this program with few problems; in contrast the small firms, with insufficient economic resources, have more problems to adopt this environmental scheme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ad-minister is the property of Universidad EAFIT and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Lecturas de Economia is the property of Universidad de Antioquia, Facultad de Ciencias Economicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Educade: Spanish Journal of Accounting, Finance & Management Education / Revista de Educación en Contabilidad, Finanzas y Administración de Empresas is the property of Asociacion Espanola de Contabilidad y Administracion de Empresas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The representation of firms' performance is a key modern question for three main reasons. The first one is that the representation of firm's performance cannot rely only on financial accounting. The second one is the emergence of the sustainable development exigency. The last one is the accountability of top executives not only to their shareholders but more seriously to the society and to all their stakeholders. This article focuses on the firm's performance concept in order to demonstrate the necessity for a process that could represent different dimensions of the performance in a stakeholder and territorial approach. This article is the theoretical foundation for a research program on the accounting representation of firm's performance, which is financed by the French Authority for the accounting standards (ANC). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article's objective is to determine the mechanism and specific firm variables that affect firm's financial structure within the Mexican food industry during 2000-2009. For this purpose, we develop a pooled OLS econometric analysis that allows identifying these variables and shows that tangible assets are the main variable considered by these companies while making their funding decisions. This result supports the theory of hierarchy of order, which says that companies with a higher proportion of tangible assets are more leveraged as these can act as collateral assets and minimize interest conflicts between shareholders and creditors, as well as the information asymmetry among these agents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Internationalization can be assumed in relation to economic processes and is an option in the evolution of the world system and its pursuit of the establishment of a global society. In this sense it can be assumed an efficient evolutionary strategy based on the ability to build information such as consumption and thereby ensure the realization of production. This in the framework of global relationships can be the result of institutional changes or through the illegal trade, among others. In a similar vein, transaction costs, although in terms of productivity are very significant, in the scheme of the perdurability, the problem is located within a range that allows to endogenize it, and it depends on the capabilities of potential consumers. This is the scenario which is organized on the one hand, the rule "if X then Y" and, secondly, the chance of lasting from to the boundaries established in the efficient evolutionary strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Ciencias Estratégicas is the property of School of Strategic Studies - ECE and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Iberoamericana de Ciencia, Tecnologia y Sociedad is the property of Centro de Estudios sobre Ciencia, Desarrollo y Educacion Superior and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

There are multiple proposals for the use of a data message in Business Law, some of them have already been incorporated in projects of reform, laws, jurisprudence and doctrine, but the Internet can help, today, only on the basis of the autonomy, with greater scope than hitherto expected to achieve improved levels of simplification and streamlining of business. Authorities notary and registration tax should and can contribute to that purpose by interconnecting telematic services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Estudios Migratorios Latinoamericanos is the property of Centro de Estudios Migratorios Latinoamericanos (CEMLA) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper highlights the importance of the availability of intangible resources within the firm in order to start its international expansion. However, intangible resources are not only the cause of the firm's internationalization but also they may be a consequence of this international process. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The paper analyzes the institutional framework of Spanish firms using a new World Bank database: Doing Business 2004. Despite some defects, this annual report will become an essential tool for comparing institutions across countries and measuring the effects of policy reforms. After comparing Spanish institutions with those of neighboring countries, we conclude that, in general, our institutions perform worse than those of European Union and OECD countries. This underperformance is much worse in the labor market, where our rules are comparatively very rigid. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]