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Anatomical knowledge of the nasopalatine canal (PNC) is essential for performing surgeries in the anterior sector of the maxilla and thus anticipating possible complications. The objective of this work is to evaluate and determine the anatomical and dimensional variations of the CNP according to sex, age and dental status. This cross-sectional study analyzed a total of 251 CBCT images obtained from the database of the Oral and Maxillofacial Imaging Service of the Faculty of Dentistry of the Andrés Bello University, Viña del Mar, Chile. To evaluate the statistical association between CNP variations with sex, age and dental status, the Student's T test, chi-square and ANOVA (p<0.5) were performed. The CNP showed variability in terms of morphology and dimensions. The most predominant shape of the PNC was cylindrical (65.33 %) and the most frequent shape of the canal curvature in the sagittal plane was straight inclined (54.98 %). The mean length was 10.92 ± 2.82 mm, being greater in men (p<0.01). The most frequent anatomical variation in the coronal plane was the single channel type (57.76 %). The effect of sex on the distance between the anterior wall of the PNC and the buccal crest of the maxilla was not significant (p>0.05). In addition, a significant difference was detected between the dental state and the dimension of the vestibular table in relation to the CNP (p<0.01). CNP variations should be considered to avoid potential complications during surgical procedures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Introduction: Metabolic syndrome (MS) in children has been associated to subclinical atherosclerosis as estimated by carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT). Objectives: We aim to ascertain the influence of MS, insulin resistance (IR) and nutritional status on CIMT. Percentiles with an increased risk of CIMT were also explored. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 447 children attending public schools in Santiago, Chile, was performed during years 2009-2011. This sample was selected considering the presence of one or more MS component and IR. Anthropometry and BP were assessed. A blood sample for determination of glycemia, insulinemia and lipids was taken. CIMT was assessed using high resolution ultrasonography with automated software. Pearson correlation, Student's t-test, Chisquared test, and stepwise logistic regression were computed. Results: Mean age was 11.5 ± 1.0 years old (range 10- 14); 59% girls; 93% pubertal; 72% excess weight; 24% MS; and 15% IR. Mean values of MS components in children with CIMT ⩾ percentile 75 versus < percentile75 had differences for systolic BP or diastolic BP ⩾ percentile 90 (BP ⩾ percentile 90) and high density lipoproteins cholesterol ⩽ 40 mg/dL (CHDL ⩽ 40 mg/dL). The logistic regression for CIMT ⩾ percentile 75 only selected BP ⩾ percentile 90 and CHDL ⩽ 40 mg/dL. The logistic regression for CIMT ⩾ percentile 90 did not select independent variables. Conclusions: In this group of children BP ⩾ percentile 90 and CHDL ⩽ 40 mg/dL values were associated to CIMT ⩾ percentile 75. Influences of IR and nutritional status on CIMT were not found. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]