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Background: The importance of the lipids alterations is in the strong relation that exists between these and the cardiovascular disease in the general population and is not possible to hope that they are different in the patients with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). In this study we determined the lipid phenotypes (Fredrickson Classification) in a group of Mexican patients with the HIV infection. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was realised. The patients were taken care of in 8 specialized centers in the attention of patients with the infection by the HIV/Aids of four states of south-east of Mexico (Chiapas, Quintana Roo, Tabasco and Yucatan). To all of them, the lipid profile was determined and according to the Fredrickson classification the phenotypes were defined in: IIa (only with C-LDL > 160 mg/ dL); phenotype IIb (C-LDL > 160 mg/dL more C-VLDL > 35 mg/dL) and phenotype IV (only with C-VLDL > 35 mg/dL). Results: We studied 289 patients, 35 (12%) women and 254 (88%) men. The average of age of the group was of 39 (20-73) years. The time average to be diagnosed with the HIV infection was of 6,1 years. One hundred ninety seven (68%) patient had some hyperlipidaemia (total cholesterol > 200 mg/dL and/or triglycerides > 200 mg/dL). According to the phenotypes of the Fredrickson classification, 6 (2,1%) patient had the IIa phenotype, 42 (14,5%) the IIb phenotype and 149 (51,6%) IV phenotype. Conclusions: Our observations show that more than half of this group of patients with the HIV infection, they had one hyperlipidaemia of phenotype IV in the Fredrickson classification, phenotype considered with low atherogenic potential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]