Search

Copyright of Revista Cultura Económica is the property of Pontificia Universidad Catolica Argentina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Internacional y Comparada de Relaciones Laborales y Derecho del Empleo is the property of ADAPT University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The 97th edition of Development and Society, corresponding to the second semester of 2024, presents six articles on current topics in Latin America. The topics include labor economics, education, health, household economics, and regulation and growth. One of the articles analyzes the gender wage penalty in Brazil and Colombia due to motherhood. Another article examines the relationship between labor vulnerability and informality in Ecuador. The educational gap between rural and urban areas in Colombia is also addressed, as well as the effects of Covid-19 contagion in Antioquia, the relationship between visible goods and personality traits in Uruguay, and how regulation affects economic growth in Colombia. The magazine is available for free on its website. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Tendencias: Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Administrativas is the property of Universidad de Narino, Facultad de Ciencias Economics y Administrativas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tendencias: Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Administrativas is the property of Universidad de Narino, Facultad de Ciencias Economics y Administrativas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tiempo y Economía is the property of La Fundacion Universidad de Bogota Jorge Tadeo Lozano and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Estudios de Derecho is the property of Estudios de Derecho and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Investigaciones Turisticas is the property of Investigaciones Turisticas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The objective of this research is to analyze the gender wage gap throughout the wage distribution in regions of Mexico. This applies to the methodology Melly (2005) Survey of Occupation and Employment (ENOE) 2005-2015. The results show that in Mexico, and its regions gender wage inequality has declined, although this is against women. Most of the differences can not be explained by productive characteristics, accentuating at the top of the wage distribution in the most exposed to trade liberalization regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Estudios Regionales en Economía, Población y Desarrollo is the property of Estudios Regionales en Economia, Poblacion y Desarrollo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article presents some estimates of income in the Colombian rural sector as a whole and for agriculture and the rest of the sector. The results indicate that in the rural sector there is a high segmentation by gender and that the returns to education are very low, especially in agriculture. One hypothesis to explain these low returns is the lack of complementary factors such as access to land, technical assistance and public goods in general. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article identifies and interprets the continuities and transformations in the material reproduction mechanisms of a union at different historical stages, under the hypothesis that the union economy is vital to understand the dynamics and strategies of trade unions. We use the concept of union material reproduction mechanisms and we analyze three dimensions: the level of complexity, its effects on organizational and patrimonial structure and its relationship with the workers political economy. We perform a case study in depth: the guild of Luz y Fuerza Capital Federal (LYFCF) of Argentina in three historical stages (1943-1976, 1976-1992, and 1992-2003). This article concludes that there is an analytical vacuum about union economy, and that this dimension is relevant in any union building and strategies defining. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective is to know wage differentials and gender discrimination by areas of professional knowledge in Mexico and regions according to their exposure to trade liberalization. Methodology. Data source was the National Survey of Occupation and Employment 2015, applying the Oaxaca-Blinder (1973) technique with selection bias correction Heckman (1979) and Method DiNardo, Fortin, Lemieux (1996) to analyze. The results indicate that women located in the area of health experience greater inequality and discrimination for different reasons to selected characteristics, accentuating mainly in regions of high and low exposure to the opening. The study has two limitations: 1) decisions of participation in the labor market and selection with the DFL method is not analyzed. 2) the informal sector is not discussed. Finally, we conclude that the profession and region of residence does affect the wage gap and discrimination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Disability prevalence around the world is a constant phenomenon. The World Health Organization and the World Bank state that 15% of the world population is affected by some kind of disability. Labor inclusion is one of the biggest obstacles that this population faces. This reality is clearly seen in aspects such as the possibility to have a job, and the way to make an income among others. These economic aspects are discussed most of the time by disciplines different from economics, resulting as a problem because of the poor attention given to this issue. Objective: To establish and analyze the main factors affecting employment possibilities among disable population. Conclusions: This work allows us to identify that people with disabilities face disadvantages due to social prejudices and also because of the lack of consideration they face when trying to integrate to everyday aspects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the current state of syndicalism in Chile. The author comments on the role of labor unions and syndicates in the development of labor relations and describes its influence on labor movements in the country. The relationship between the Chilean economy and labor is also examined.

El artículo discurre sobre el futuro de la Organización Internacional del Trabajo (OIT). El autor comenta sobre la influencia de la globalización en el empleo, la economía y las relaciones industriales. También se considera la función de la OIT en el mundo actual así como en el mundo del futuro.

Resumen En el contexto del declive de las instituciones de relaciones laborales tradicionales de las economías posfordistas, los autores examinan -centrándose en Asia- los nuevos contramovimientos en defensa de los trabajadores frente a la globalización en países en desarrollo. A partir de las luchas marxistas que identifican en China y de las variadísimas formas de protesta y representación que observan en la India, defienden un enfoque más incluyente de las relaciones laborales, tanto en la práctica como en la investigación. El futuro, afirman, dependerá de la interacción entre las reformas que introduzca el Estado y los movimientos sociales que espontáneamente llenen el vacío de representación actual. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drawing on information from the Encuesta de la Transición de la Escuela al Trabajo 2012 (Survey on the Transition from School to Work), this study analyzes the characteristics of young people who are not in education, employment or training (NEETs). We find that, overall, 17.94% of Peruvian urban youth between 15 and 29 years of age are NEETs. Of these, around three quarters (74.09%) are females, which points toward the presence of factors associated with gender, such as fertility, the role within the household economy, or educational reasons, such as the explanatory variables in the previous result. Accordingly, the likelihood of being a NEET increases for females if there are children in the household and if the individual has a partner, while the reverse is true in the case of males. Moreover, the likelihood of belonging to the NEET group increases when there are young men in the household; decreases when they are heads of household; if there is production in the household; or if the partner is engaged in domestic work. As regards individual decisions, young people's life goals affect the likelihood of being a NEET. Moreover, the higher the level of education, the lower the likelihood of being a NEET due to the greater opportunity cost associated with better earning prospects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Los autores investigan empíricamente las motivaciones individuales para ofrecer o aceptar trabajo informal con datos de una encuesta a alemanes residentes realizada en 2010. Según sus hallazgos, el desempleo, presente o pasado, incrementa significativamente la probabilidad de trabajar informalmente. La insatisfacción con respecto a la posición social y el malestar por la ineficacia gubernamental también parecen incrementar de forma significativa la oferta de trabajo informal por parte de los hombres. La demanda de trabajo informal no parece influida por estos factores. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

En esta introducción se ofrece un breve análisis crítico de las definiciones y métodos de medición del empleo informal, se destacan algunos hallazgos importantes acerca de su frecuencia y su carácter, y se presentan las principales perspectivas en cuanto a su función en las economías contemporáneas y a las políticas aplicadas para afrontarlo. Con ello se establece un marco conceptual que permite comprender tanto la ingente literatura sobre el tema como lo que aportan a dicha literatura los demás artículos que componen el presente número monográfico. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sobre la base de entrevistas en profundidad, se examina por qué muchas pequeñas empresas sudafricanas cumplen solo parcialmente la legislación laboral: suelen respetar la normativa general, pero no la dimanante de los consejos de negociación sectoriales previstos en la ley. La antipatía hacia los sindicatos en la era post-apartheid podría explicarlo. Además, el control de estos consejos sobre las empresas se intensifica cuanto mayor sea el número de trabajadores, por lo que las más pequeñas prefieren subcontratar para aumentar su producción o no declarar todos sus efectivos. Se bascula pues entre el ámbito formal y el informal «jugando» con la dimensión de la empresa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El presente artículo proporciona datos empíricos sobre la frecuencia de los pagos salariales no declarados en contextos formales. Según datos procedentes de 26.659 entrevistas personales realizadas en 2007, uno de cada dieciocho trabajadores formales recibe de su empleador formal una remuneración en mano que asciende por término medio al 25 por ciento de su salario bruto. La práctica existe en toda Europa, pero parece más o menos frecuente en función del país, el sector de actividad, la categoría profesional y el tamaño de la empresa. Los autores concluyen reflexionando sobre las implicaciones teóricas y políticas de sus hallazgos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article intends to show some of the aspects involved when elaborating and processing data coming from salary surveys to produce retribution reports. We will see how after trying different alternative transformations it is possible to verify that, through a logarithmic transformation, the asymmetry and kurtosis of a model's variables can be improved (revenues and salary) as well as a relation between two variables converted in lineal –something that would have been impossible to achieve with the original data. This would make data analysis easier, because it allows the use of the regression model. We will study the relation between salary and company size, because this relationship is the best to predict the market salary that is earned by a specific jobholder. We give an example of application of a regression model for studying this relationship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Mercados y Negocios is the property of Universidad de Guadalajara, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Economico Administrativas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This research aims to determine the competitiveness profile and human capital in a sample of Mexican companies dedicated to product development and / or innovative services. The research is theoretically based on the model of international competitiveness of Buckley et al (1988) which includes three components of enterprise competitiveness: competitive potential, competitive processes and competitive performance. The methodology consisted of a descriptive and comparative study with a non probabilistic sample by quotas (n = 270) and the implementation of a questionnaire throughout standardized interview. The main results indicate that firms have potential and competitive processes; however competitive performance is low and must be improved at national and international level. It is recommended that companies analyze their competitive profile and design strategies to achieve competitiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Universitaria is the property of Universidad de Guanajuato/Acta Universitaria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Papeles de Población is the property of Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Mexico and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper analyzes the labor market transformation in Valparaiso metropolitan area, under the perspective of dual- city, determining the relationships between the changes on the social and spatial configuration of the city. We use a longitudinal analysis based on census data and household surveys. The results showed that new inequalities on the labor market are reflected in an increasingly territorially fragmentation and a segregated distribution of the population. These phenomena could have negative effects in terms of restriction of employment opportunities and poverty reproduction. These results differ from the dual-city requirements approach and suggest new ways of understanding and inquire the socio-territorial consequences of economic globalization in Latin American cities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, beginning from scientific problem identify in: How elevate the acting in the Human Capital management in the EMCE?, the authors concentrate his investigation on the Human Capital management systems by competences, in maintenance enterprises, having to action grounds the competence management of the Human Capital in the EMCE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Espacio, Tiempo y Forma. Serie III, Historia Medieval is the property of Editorial UNED and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Estudios y Perspectivas en Turismo is the property of Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios Turisticos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Los autores reseñan las últimas novedades acerca del estudio Doing Business del Banco Mundial, haciendo hincapié en el indicador de las normas del trabajo: la dificultad de contratación, la rigidez de la jornada de trabajo y la dificultad y costo del despido de trabajadores. Primero pasan revista a los estudios que inspiraron la concepción del indicador y a los que lo han usado o se han visto influidos por él Analizan después las críticas vertidas contra el mismo, y ponen de relieve los problemas conceptuales y empíricos que plantea. Por último, proponen ideas alternativas y líneas de investigación para el futuro. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article studies manufacturing industry transformations in the southeast region of the state of Coahuila. These are a result of structural adjustment in Mexico in the 1980s, of the consolidation of the international aperture model, and the industrial relocation in which the transnational corporations moved into the peripheral regions to improve their competitive position and their profitability. The paper also analyzes processes characteristic of the emergence of a post-Fordist system of accumulation, as well as changes in the manufacturing structure in the region and the performance of representative activities, classified by their performance, using such indicators as average remuneration, capital intensity, labor productivity and work force profitability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Se describen diversos aspectos de la situación del mercado laboral y la retención de capital humano dentro del contexto global. Se presentan algunas de las conclusiones del informe "Estudio global de capital humano 2008" realizado por la empresa estadounidense IBM. El informe considera las organizaciones en cuanto a su capacidad laboral, cómo enfrenta el desarrollo de su fuerza laboral y cómo califica su capacidad de retener talentos.

Copyright of Revista de Economía Aplicada is the property of Revista de Economia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

On the critical scene of current labor relations, rigidly conserving the basic principles that have characterized it has not been the legislative option principally utilized in comparative law. Recognizing that new realities, not only economical but also political and social, are being imposed is imperative for opening doors to transformation, a quality that belongs to Labor Law. Thus, labor relations continually restructure and change, and this affects changes in the principles and institutions of this legal discipline. In this article, based on descriptive-documentary research, the principle of stability at work will be characterized doctrinally and legally, examining its regulations within contemporary labor law in order to project the possible implications that would be derived from approving the project for the Organic Law for Stability at Work (OLSW)*. Conclusions are that if, in its exposition of motives, the OLSW project seeks to shield protection of the labor stability principle, it does this without valuating foreign experiences and without approaching that immense collective of the unprotected economically active population that requires greater inclusion and not more "hardening." Therefore, were the project to be approved, it would face serious obstacles in the practical pursuit of its theoretical objectives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses the growth slowdown of the Mexican economy during the reform and post reform periods. It addresses four possible factors behind the growth deceleration. First, the role of international trade integration, showing that the trade policy reforms of the 1980s and 1990s were in fact very successful in enhancing export growth and trade openness but not in promoting a dynamic pattern of trade specialization. Second, the productivity growth slowdown, arguing that this should be seen as a consequence rather than a cause of the growth deceleration as the evolution of productivity growth is closely associated with the expansion of tertiary underemployment. Third, the discussion of the role of human capital formation suggests that educational and health indicators have been improving during the recent period, partly as a consequence of the demographic bonus, and cannot be held responsible for the fall in output per worker that has taken place since the early 1980s. Finally, the paper focuses on what it believes is the primary determinant of the growth slowdown, the low rate of physical capital accumulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Sociología del Trabajo is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Sociología del Trabajo is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Mexicana de Economía Agrícola y de los Recursos Naturales is the property of Universidad Autonoma Chapingo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Economía del Caribe is the property of Fundacion Universidad del Norte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Fermentum: Revista Venezolana de Sociologia y Antropologia is the property of Universidad de Los Andes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article reports on the study of the graduates of librarianship in higher learning institutions. It aims to provide technical, methodological and practical ways of creating uniformity in the studies of librarianship. It focuses on the importance of librarianship studies and their significance in the library community. It is based on Schultz's theory of human capital wherein the training of human resources is related with the productivity of quality in the hiring institutions. The study also concludes that studies of graduates are essential to hiring institutions to determine the activities and performance levels of contracted professionals.

Globalization is very complex in socio-economic terms, with forms of cooperative organization that include a lot of unemployed people, poor people and "new poor people". In other words, we are faced with a socio-economic heterogeneity that cannot easily be processed by the present institutions. In this context a paradox emerges: although the notions of productivity and social cooperation continue being fundamental in the organization of contemporary socio-economic institutions, their dislocation is increasingly visible as a result of the increase of unemployment and leisure time, that is to say, of unproductiveness. This essay investigates this paradox focusing the relations that Marxist and Liberal theories establish between social cooperation, productivity and leisure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To make an analysis of the wage discrimination by gender and profession in the laboral market of Hermosillo, Sonora, is the main interest of this work; the study is centered into calculate the rentability rates of education derived from resulting data. The hypothesis is to prove if the investment rentability in human capital is less for women in relation with men in different professional groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Estudios Sociológicos is the property of El Colegio de Mexico AC and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)