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Introduction: In August 2019 an unexpected presidential election result caused a change in expected exchange and inflation rates. The objective of this study is to analyze the relation between market share and the decision of increasing prices in the pharmaceutical industry in Argentina. Methods: Online weekly data on variations of some medicine's prices were obtained using web scraping, and then classification algorithms (Random Forests, Gradient Boosting Machine and logistic regression) were applied. Results: The results were mixed: market share was found to have high importance in tree-based methods. (Random Forests and Gradient Boosting Machine). However, in logistic regression, this variable wasn't significant. Conclusions: Exchange rate volatility after the election result caused several changes on price expectations, and pharmaceutical market structure influenced the resulting price reactions. Laboratories which owned a higher market share rose their prices first. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ius et Praxis (07172877) is the property of Universidad de Talca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The discussion on platform regulation has focused, both in academia and in international organizations and competition agencies, on the tools of the neoclassical regulatory model: market shares and welfare analysis, among others. More recently, big data and algorithms have become central to these debates. The aim of this article is to analyze, from a critical perspective, the evolution of this discussion; its impact on the different legislative proposals, and the long period that led the European Union to adopt, in 2022, the regulation of these corporations. In addition, new public policy instruments are suggested to overcome these new regulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Revista de Economía (Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán) is the property of Universidad Autonoma de Yucatan, Facultad de Economia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Contabilidad y Dirección is the property of ACCID and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The main aim of this research is to measure the variation of market power exercised by a vertically integrated firm in the market of transactions carried out through payment cards, because of changes given by the entry of competitive firms in the market of purchasing shops, which increase the level of downstream competition in the industry. To achieve this, it is used as a model based on an oligopolistic structure where there is a leading firm and a fringe of competitive firms that compete each other, based on Stackelberg competition. The econometric model estimates indirectly the residual elasticity demand for the period January 2013-May 2020. As a result, the market power is directly related to the market share of the leading firm, equivalent to 1.14% to 114.35%, being the last predominant value in the trading account. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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El crecimiento de la población urbana en los países en desarrollo, la expansión de la clase media y el aumento del ingreso per cápita a nivel mundial han aumentado la demanda de alimentos. Con este trabajo se procura determinar, a partir del método de análisis de la participación constante de mercado, las fuentes de crecimiento de las exportaciones agropecuarias entre los principales países que operan en el mercado. Se analizaron dos períodos: i) de 1992 a 2001 y ii) de 2002 a 2013. Se estudiaron los siguientes países: Alemania, Argentina, Brasil, China, Estados Unidos, Francia e India. Los resultados indican una creciente representación de los países emergentes con potencial de recursos naturales (Brasil, Argentina e India), mientras las economías desarrolladas (Estados Unidos y los países europeos) y China (este país debido a su propia dinámica interna) pierden espacio en el mercado internacional. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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On October 31, 2008, Satoshi Nakamoto published his famous White paper with the technical, computational, and ideological foundations of cryptocurrencies. On January 3, 2009, Bitcoin was launched. Cryptocurrencies and distributed ledger technologies are, thus, in their teens but their following different paths. In this paper I analyze how the technology of cryptocurrencies has matured, especially regarding distributed registry structures, and how the latter have consolidated a transforming potential in law and in the economy that we are just recognizing. This maturity is contrasted with the threats that hang over cryptocurrencies themselves. The financial and sustainability problems of some of the most popular currencies have already been repeatedly denounced. What is more, now monetary authorities and central banks are studying issuing digital assets (CDBC) that provide some of the benefits currently provided by cryptocurrencies. This could substantially reduce the market share of the latter and, therefore, their exchange value or use value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Small and medium-sized companies in Colombia play an important role in its economy due to their large market share in different sectors of the economy, during the year 2021 there is evidence of significant growth in the creation of this type of companies, However, it is also evident that the mortality rate of these companies is high and many of them do not last over time. One of the important difficulties that these organizations encounter in the development of their activity is access to external financing, many of them do not have the necessary capital for the development of their activity and require external financing. Due to their characteristics, these organizations present a high risk and high probability of non-payment, which means that traditional banking cannot supply the financing need demanded by these organizations. Due to the above, it is necessary to generate an analysis that allows the identification of alternative financing sources that provide the opportunity to risk levels, in order to finance from the beginning of their activity (if This is required) without the need to demand the current conditions requested by traditional banking, making differential analyzes that allow mitigating the inherent and emerging risks in the activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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In the current context of competition, consolidated destinations need to develop diversification strategies with the objective of maintaining their market share and increasing the benefits of tourism. This research aims to deepen the study of this differentiated form of tourism since its definition, components and operations need to be reviewed in order to understand its scope. In addition, its potential strategic value will be analysed from different perspectives such as destination image and economic benefit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Universidad & Empresa is the property of Colegio Mayor de Nuestra Senora del Rosario and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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The article analyzes, theoretically and empirically, the importance of competitiveness, which is the basis for a successful entry inside automaker's market with a structure of monopolistic competition on global scale, such is the case of the Mexican automotive industry. The mentioned business sector is an example of constant changes in its market structure with the recent entry of Korean companies which are Hyundai and KIA motors. The results demonstrate that since the entry of KIA Motors in July 2015, there was some market deconcentration in the industry, leading it to become the fifth largest assembler in Mexico. The graphic analysis of market shares indicates that Hyundai is less successful than its partner brand (KIA). However, the econometric results indicate that the deconcentration of the market is associated to a greater extent with the growth of the Hyundai's market share, as well as, the growth of smaller brands in its market quote that have longer time competing in Mexican market, comparing them to Korean companies such as Hyundai and KIA in Mexico. The results invites us to do a reflection on the classical assumptions about entry into a structure of monopolistic competition and its degree of concentration because it is commonly mentioned that entry of new competitors deconcentrates the market. However, if the rivalry increases, there will also be a bigger market deconcetration. It is concluded that in the Mexican automotive industry, the competitiveness and competitive strategy of brands (automakers), explain the concentration and performance of companies in this type of market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This work has proposed, as objectives, the analysis of the evolution of efficiency and its determinants through nonparametric analysis DEA factors and use of the method by Simar and Wilson (2007) to companies belonging to 27 sectors of agriculture, services and Colombian manufacturing in the period 2005-2010. The results so obtained indicate the possibility of improving efficiency levels across the board. The determinants of efficiency have been market concentration, market share and corporate size. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Mercados y Negocios is the property of Universidad de Guadalajara, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Economico Administrativas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Sinapsis: Revista de Investigaciones de la Escuela de Administración y Mercadotecnia del Quindío EAM is the property of Escuela de Administracion y Mercadotecnia del Quindio and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

El artículo analiza la codicia por el poder del mercado, un deseo incontrolado en los negocios y también es uno de los pecados capitales y el desarrollo de mecanismos de defensa contra él. El artículo también analiza la incertidumbre y la volatilidad en el entorno empresarial y el efecto de la lujuria en la pérdida de cuota de mercado y la rentabilidad de la empresa, incluido el desarrollo de nuevos modelos de negocio para generar ingresos.

Recently, Mexican farming has shifted from a process of extensive ranching and exportation of live cattle to highly technical processes for exporting a higher quality of fresh and frozen meat. This production dynamic is reflected in the greater stake of livestock in the agri-food industry and the gross domestic product (GDP) of Mexico and its share of the United States (U.S.) market. This paper quantifies the effect of production dynamics in the domestic market and the competitiveness of fresh beef in the U.S. using the constant market share (CMS) and relative export advantage (REA) techniques. We identified a stable growth path without presenting a comparative advantage. Similarly, this dynamic has generated a substantial increase in the U.S. market share, which is generated by a growth in the target market and increased competition within the meat sector in Mexico. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The market share is the most widely used indicator in the analysis of competitiveness in trade of goods and services. However, their use in tourism is subject to a widespread controversy, especially in those cases where goes together to the territorial analysis. This is because the goals of maximization of this variable by policy-makers, can lead to growth policies that jeopardize the economic and environmental sustainability of a resource-limited destinations. This paper discusses the use, validity and limitations of the market share as an indicator of competitiveness in tourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Mercados y Negocios is the property of Universidad de Guadalajara, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Economico Administrativas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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We study the location problem for an entering firm which competes with some pre-existing firms. It is assumed that customers buy from the facility with maximum utility. The formulation and resolution of this type of problem depend on the utility function and how ties in maximum utility between centers are solved. A new Mixed Integer Linear Programming model is presented which let the problem be solved for a variety of utility functions when there is a finite set of location candidates and it is assumed that a proportion of demand is assigned to the entering firm if ties occur. A study on the transportation network of the Region of Murcia is carried out for a variety of scenarios with the aim of studying which are the different types of ties, how often ties occur and its effect on the market share captured by the entering firm. A possible mistake which is associated to the proportion of demand assigned to the entering firm if ties occur is also investigated. Finally some conclusions are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on an inquiry into private security in Argentina, this paper explores some hypotheses developed in the field of economic sociology to study markets: on the one hand, that entrepreneurs use their contacts and reputation to create and maintain a clientele; on the other hand, that companies try to fill niches to avoid an open competition with its contenders. Following the ideas developed by Mark Granovetter and Wayne Baker, the paper shows that the development of a market is not the response to an existing demand, but the result of the initiative of entrepreneurs and the strategies of firms, and that markets generally are not organized as simple and homogeneous realities, but as distinct structures of roles based on limited and restrictive networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of ifo Schnelldienst is the property of ifo Institute for Economic Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Mercados y Negocios is the property of Universidad de Guadalajara, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Economico Administrativas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

An artificial neural network model to forecast the price of two of the main shares traded in the Colombian stock exchange is proposed in this work. The model is applied to study the shares of Ecopetrol and Preferencial Bancolombia, companies that trade in the stock exchanges of Colombia and New York. Two network structures including the daily price series in the first and the price series plus the dollar index DXY in the latter are used. Different neural networks configurations are trained using a series of six months, where five months are used as training patterns and the next month is left to test the predictive capabilities of the network. The results show good performance of the neural networks with low training and testing errors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This study analyzes the determinants of bank spreads to four Latin American countries, focusing on bank-specific factors (liquidity, administrative costs, delinquency, market share, local or foreign institution, merger or acquisition in banks, or if the bank was a new participant); structure of the financial system (market share of foreign banks and concentration); and the macroeconomic environment (inflation, short-term interest rate and GDP growth). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]