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Esta Sentencia resuelve el recurso de casación interpuesto por el Ayuntamiento de Torremolinos contra la Sentencia del Tribunal Superior de Justicia de Andalucía (Sala de lo Contencioso-Administrativo de Málaga) núm. 5209/2022, de 24 de noviembre de 2022. Esta Sentencia estimó el recurso contencioso-administrativo interpuesto por la Junta de Compensación del sector R.2.6 del Plan General de Ordenación Urbana de Torremolinos contra el Acuerdo de 28 de noviembre de 2017, de la Comisión Territorial de Ordenación del Territorio y Urbanismo, sobre la aprobación parcial del citado Plan, ampliado al Acuerdo de dicha Comisión de levantamiento de suspensión del Documento de Revisión y Adaptación de 21 de junio de 2019, así como a las Resoluciones de registro y publicación del citado instrumento de planeamiento por parte de la Delegación Territorial. La razón sustancial que llevó a declarar la nulidad del plan impugnado fue la insuficiencia de la evaluación ambiental estratégica llevada a cabo, que había determinado la declaración de nulidad de ese mismo instrumento de planeamiento en anteriores pronunciamientos. La Sección primera de la Sala de lo Contencioso-Administrativo del Tribunal Supremo, mediante Auto de 29 de septiembre de 2023, acordó admitir a trámite el recurso de casación preparado por el Ayuntamiento de Torremolinos contra la citada Sentencia de 24 de noviembre de 2022; y declaró que la cuestión planteada en el recurso que presenta interés casacional objetivo para la formación de la jurisprudencia consiste en reafirmar, complementar, matizar o, en su caso, corregir o rectificar su jurisprudencia acerca del contenido y alcance de la evaluación ambiental estratégica en relación con los procedimientos de elaboración de los instrumentos de planteamiento, así como los efectos de la declaración de nulidad de un instrumento de tal naturaleza en aquellos supuestos en que la estricta aplicación de la doctrina consolidada de la Sala de lo Contencioso-Administrativo del Tribunal Supremo pudiera conducir a consecuencias de menor protección para el medio ambiente, al recobrar vigencia la figura del planeamiento anterior. A estos efectos, se identifican como normas que, en principio, serán objeto de interpretación, sin perjuicio de que la sentencia pudiera extenderse a otras si así lo exigiere el debate finalmente trabado en el recurso, las siguientes: artículos 191 y 192 del Tratado de Funcionamiento de la Unión Europea; y artículo 18.1 de la Ley 21/2013, de 9 de diciembre, de evaluación ambiental, en relación con los artículos 3.1, 4.1 y 8 de la Directiva 2001/42/CE del Parlamento Europeo y del Consejo, de 27 de junio de 2001, relativa a la evaluación de los efectos de determinados planes y programas en el medio ambiente. Por lo tanto, las cuestiones fundamentales a dilucidar en el marco de este recurso son las relativas al alcance de la evaluación ambiental estratégica en el procedimiento de elaboración de los planes urbanísticos y a los efectos de la declaración de nulidad de un instrumento de planeamiento urbanístico. Al respecto, el Ayuntamiento de Torremolinos sostiene, en primer lugar, que consta el trámite de evaluación ambiental requerido por la Directiva 2001/42/CE que, si bien se practicó con posterioridad a la aprobación inicial, tuvo lugar antes de la aprobación definitiva. En segundo lugar, que consta la cumplimentación del trámite de información pública y que su contenido se ajusta tanto a lo requerido por la normativa europea como la interna. Y, en tercer lugar, que el vicio señalado que, en principio, determinaba la declaración de nulidad del PGOU de Torremolinos, no la ha provocado, al quedar convalidada "por cuanto los efectos inherentes a tal declaración suponen una mayor desprotección del interés público en principio tutelado, cual es la protección del medio ambiente" (Antecedente de hecho 4°). En opinión del Ayuntamiento, de mantenerse la nulidad de pleno derecho del PGOU de Torremolinos de 2020, se produciría la reviviscencia del PGOU de 1996, siendo éste entonces plenamente aplicable a todos los efectos, a pesar de no tener encaje en la normativa europea. Así, se daría la paradoja de que el Tribunal Supremo, con su declaración de nulidad, llevaría a la aplicación de una norma reglamentaria (la revivida) no permitida por el artículo 6 de la LOPJ, con arreglo al cual los Jueces y Tribunales "no aplicarán los reglamentos o cualquier otra disposición contrarios a la Constitución, a la ley o al principio de jerarquía normativa". Por ello, solicita el dictado de una sentencia que: 1° casando y anulando la Sentencia recurrida, desestime el recurso contencioso-administrativo en su día interpuesto, por ser plenamente ajustada a derecho la actuación administrativa objeto de recurso; 2° subsidiariamente, casando y anulando la Sentencia recurrida, desestime el recurso contencioso-administrativo en su día interpuesto, por ser plenamente ajustada a derecho la actuación administrativa al considerar que, constando el trámite requerido por la Directiva 2001/42/CE, aún con posterioridad a la aprobación inicial pero antes de la definitiva y visto que su contenido se ajusta tanto a lo requerido por la normativa europea como la interna, tal vicio formal no puede dar lugar a la nulidad de pleno derecho; y 3° subsidiariamente, casando y anulando la sentencia recurrida, desestime el recurso contencioso-administrativo en su día interpuesto, al considerar que constando el trámite requerido por la Directiva 2001/42/CE, aún con posterioridad a la aprobación inicial pero antes de la definitiva; constando que se cumplimentó el trámite de información pública y constando que su contenido se ajusta tanto a lo requerido por la normativa europea como la interna, tal vicio que en principio determinaba la declaración de nulidad de la norma, queda convalidada por cuanto los efectos inherentes a tal declaración suponen una mayor desprotección del interés público en principio tutelado, cual es la protección del medio ambiente. Por su parte, la Junta de Andalucía, comparecida en condición de recurrida, no formuló oposición al recurso de casación. El Tribunal Supremo, reiterando la doctrina jurisprudencial establecida en la Sentencia núm. 62/2024, de 17 de enero, declara no haber lugar al recurso de casación interpuesto por el Ayuntamiento de Torremolinos contra la Sentencia núm. 5209/2022, de 24 de noviembre, de la Sala de lo Contencioso-Administrativo de Málaga del Tribunal Superior de Justicia de Andalucía, dictada en el procedimiento contencioso-administrativo ordinario núm. 137/2018. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The regulation of administrative transparency, already with Law 19/2013, of December 9, on transparency, access to public information and good governance, regional regulations or sectoral legislation such as law 27006, of July 18, by which regulates the rights of access to information, public participation and access to justice in environmental matters, imposes obligations of active publicity in environmental matters. This information is also found in public records or administrative files and is generated in the preparation of plans, studies, reports, administrative authorizations with a significant effect on the environment. But also in the active advertising derived from public sector contracting, in the non-financial information of companies, all of which in turn represents a huge accumulation of data that has (or can) have intrinsic value, but that is also an instrument for better environmental protection. This work only aims to identify some of these sources of obtaining information, in relation to access to environmental information, highlighting that it is made up of the set of documents or contents, whatever their format or support, that are in power of any of the subjects to whom these transparency obligations apply, whether it has been developed or acquired in the exercise of their functions. Information from which data of high environmental value is obtained or generated, all of which has a clear vocation to protect the environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Estudios de la Administración Local y Autonómica is the property of Instituto Nacional de Administracion Publica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The present work focuses, first of all, on the legal and political dimensions attached to the concepts of environment, agriculture, and nutrition in the European Union. Secondly, we analyze the projection of the sustainability principle in food policy since the approval of the European Green New Deal, and the development of the "Farm to Fork" strategy. On this basis, we examine the concepts of food safety and food sovereignty, and their relationship to the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), and other norms. Finally, we discuss from a legal-administrative perspective how the "Farm to Fork" Strategy has been implemented in the areas of prevention, control, and punishment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to analyze not only the inclusion of ecocide as the fifth category of crime within the jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court but also to examine the potential paradigm shift towards expanding criminal sanctions. Currently, these sanctions are individual, but there is a growing call to hold societies, including national and international companies and corporations, accountable. The goal is to move from individual criminal penalties for those causing significant environmental damage --which have proven ineffective thus far-- to holding societies and corporations criminally liable at both national and international levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article highlights the Judgment of the Grand Chamber of the European Court of Human Rights of April 9, 2024 in the case Verein KlimaSeniorinnen Schweiz and Others v. Switzerland. In the lawsuit, it was alleged that Switzerland's climate mitigation policies were insufficient, affecting fundamental rights to life and health. The judgment marks a milestone in addressing the impacts of climate change on human rights, establishing guidelines for future climate cases. The importance of effectively protecting citizens from the adverse effects of climate change is emphasized. [Extracted from the article]

Human beings exploit natural resources to fulfill their basic needs. Consequently, environmental conservation requires the implementation of a comprehensive system of social, socioeconomic, and technical-productive measures. These measures should be directed towards the judicious utilization of natural resources, preservation of natural ecosystems, and protection of the environment from pollution and degradation. This study aims to scrutinize the factors contributing to the irresponsible utilization of natural resources using neutrosophic statistics. The findings suggest the necessity of proposing environmental legislation reforms to regulate and prevent the overexploitation of natural resources. Additionally, promoting environmental education among the population is crucial to instill responsible ecological behavior in society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Tropelías: Revista de Teoría de la Literatura y Literatura Comparada is the property of Prensas Universitarias de Zaragoza and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Opuntia Brava is the property of Universidad de Ciencias Pedagogicas de Las Tunas, Centro de Documentacion e Informacion Pedagogica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Cuadernos Europeos de Deusto is the property of Universidad de Deusto and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study focuses on three fundamental aspects related to the international protection of the environment. Thus, after a brief overview of the environmental situation concerning the climate emergency we face, the issue of the environment as a human right is addressed. Subsequently, the historical development of ecocide in the context of the United Nations is examined. Finally, there is an in-depth analysis of the proposed definition of ecocide and the modifications suggested for the Rome Statute, highlighting the work of the Stop Ecocide Foundation and other similar proposals. This approach aims to contribute to the development of international environmental criminal protection by exploring these three central axes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseño y Comunicación is the property of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseno y Comunicacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The objective of this study was to evaluate the biological quality of the Copueno River located in Ecuador, using benthic macroinvertebrates as bioindicators as a scientific method. The specimens collected were analyzed in the Laboratory of the Provincial Government of Morona Santiago, where two biological indices were applied: Biological Monitoring Working Party (BMWP/Col) and Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera (EPT), in order to determine the water quality, assigning values to the different organisms according to their level of tolerance to pollution, ranging from one 01 (the most tolerant) to ten 10 (the most sensitive). Among the results obtained, from a total of 3122 specimens collected (1391 in summer and 1731 in winter), the water quality in the dry season according to the BMWP/Col is good, and acceptable in the wet season, while according to the EPT, the quality is fair during both seasons. In conclusion, it is established that water quality decreases as it approaches the urban center; therefore, the importance of conserving water bodies is paramount in the study area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Contrastes: Revista Internacional de Filosofia is the property of Contrastes: Revista Internacional de Filosofia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Dilemas Contemporáneos: Educación, Política y Valores is the property of Dilemas Contemporaneos: Educacion, Politica y Valores and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista El Directivo al Día is the property of Centro de Informacion y Gestion Tecnologica (CIGET) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista El Directivo al Día is the property of Centro de Informacion y Gestion Tecnologica (CIGET) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The research analyzes the Twitter network made up of users and their interactions during the Conference of the Parties (COP) COP15 held in Montreal from December 7 to 19, 2022. The main objective is to measure the characteristics of the network and identify the key players in the conversation and the main topics addressed. We also sought to recognize if there was any relationship between the format of the messages and the level of engagement. To carry out the analysis, we used a methodology that combined quantitative and qualitative social network analysis techniques. The results suggest that communication through Twitter was a key factor in the successful mobilization of the environmental movement during COP15 and in raising awareness of the need to take concrete actions to address climate change. Likewise, the highest engagement was generated by mostly critical and urgent messages, focused on the need to take concrete action to address the biodiversity and climate change crisis. This reflects a separation between the activism reflected in the network and the scientific and political leadership present at the Summit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this article is to analyse the Italian legal regime, contextualised in the European dimension, of the minimum environmental criteria for the catering service, examining the adoption procedure, the content and main implementation issues from the point of view of public administrations, economic operators, the configuration of services and their users. Some reflections will be devoted to the service of the school canteen, from whose general reading emerges the special sensitivity to the need to ensure the protection of future generations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Supreme Court Judgment of November 2, 2023 resolves the appeals filed by the Government of Catalonia, the Barcelona City Council, and the Metropolitan Area of Barcelona against a previous judgment that upheld the contentious-administrative appeal filed by several transport associations against an ordinance of the Barcelona City Council that restricted the circulation of certain vehicles in the city. The Supreme Court considers that there is no basis for the appeal and confirms the previous judgment. Additionally, the possibility of prioritizing the rights to mobility and economic freedom over the rights to health and the environment in the judicial control of regulatory power in environmental matters is discussed. The legal norms that will be subject to interpretation in this case are also mentioned. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseño y Comunicación is the property of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseno y Comunicacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Supreme Court Judgment of November 2, 2023 resolves the appeals filed by the Government of Catalonia, the Barcelona City Council, and the Metropolitan Area of Barcelona against a previous judgment that upheld the contentious-administrative appeal filed by several transport associations against an ordinance of the Barcelona City Council. The Supreme Court confirms the previous judgment and declares that the appeals filed by the recurring administrations are not admissible. The text presents arguments related to the repeal of an ordinance and its impact on the sanctioning regime. It mentions a judgment of the Court of Justice of the European Union that condemns Spain for non-compliance with Directive 2008/50/EC on air quality. The importance of environmental protection is highlighted, and principles related to sustainable development are mentioned. A debate is raised about the weighing of fundamental rights, and the need for reliable information to take appropriate measures is mentioned. The High Court of Justice of Catalonia has issued several judgments questioning the Barcelona Atmospheric Environmental Protection Ordinance. The court considers that the territorial delimitation of the Low Emission Zone (LEZ) is too broad and that the restrictive measures adopted are not proportionate. In addition, it criticizes the lack of updating of the pollution data used and the lack of motivation and evaluation of alternatives in the drafting of the regulation. The Supreme Court has confirmed the judgments of the High Court of Justice of Catalonia declaring the invalidity of the Barcelona Ordinance that restricted the circulation of polluting vehicles in the Low Emission Zone (LEZ). The Supreme Court argues that the Ordinance has not been adequately justified, nor have the effects of the measures adopted been evaluated in terms of proportionality. Furthermore, it points out that conclusive reports have not been taken into account, nor has the economic and social impact of the imposed restrictions been considered. As a result, the Barcelona City Council has approved a new Ordinance with a more limited territorial scope and includes social improvements. The article highlights the importance of adequately justifying restrictive measures and complying with the corresponding legal requirements. The Supreme Court Judgment STS 4853/2023, issued on November 2, 2023, is mentioned as a reference. No additional information is provided about the content of the judgment. [Extracted from the article]

This article evaluates the socio-ecological resilience in agro-ecosystems in the Province of Sumapaz, through the typification of indicators of threat, vulnerability and response capacity, according to the agro-ecological-based practices implemented there. The concept of the Holistic Risk índex was used to evaluate the level of socio-ecological resilience in 20 farmers under biophysical and socioeconomic criteria and the Wilcoxon Test contrasted differences between agroecological and conventional systems where p < 0.05 values show the difference. Therefore, the degree of resilience was estimated through 21 indicators, 8 are presented with values > 1 that do not favor resilience conditions and 13 < 1 that are favorable. The risk index presents agro-ecological systems with values of 3.1 ± 5.0 and conventional values of 0.7 ± 1.9; which demonstrates high vulnerability. it is concluded that there is a transition towards agroecological systems that reduce energy and resources and resist to perturbations and alterations of the anthropic type. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article describes an innovative classroom education experience through the design of a board game as a didactic alternative for introducing environmental education in university contexts. This experience considers the environmental realities of water resources and the impact of humans on them. An applied research work in the field of education is presented, which follows a mixed approach and implements the methodological phases of design-based research to address the collective construction of the game Reduce tu huella hídrica [Reduce your water footprint] with a research seed group via design thinking and gamification. In the different development stages, 106 students from Universidad de la Amazonía participated, who were selected by means of a non-probabilistic sampling. Among the results, the environmental awareness acquired by the participants stands out, with a positive assessment regarding the perceived appropriation of knowledge, the importance of the subject in the region, the game dynamics in terms of its ability to encourage attitude changes, and the methodological importance of gamification in the development of generic competencies such as teamwork, creativity, and communication. The board game designed represents a participative and flexible didactic alternative that contributes from academia to the construction of a water culture in the Amazon piedmont of Colombia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the centuries, the populations of human beings settled in the surroundings of water tributaries have indiscriminately disposed of their waste, throwing it into rivers, lakes, oceans, and surrounding land. When the amounts of waste, mostly biodegradable, are low, the environmental consequences and the health of biotic communities are minimal. However, the mass manufacture and disposal of non- biodegradable synthetic materials since the mid-20th century has had profound biological and environmental effects. Plastics are the most significant example of these ubiquitous synthetic materials, usually single-use, non-biodegradable and with high amounts of toxic chemical additives. Due to the high stability and resistance of plastic, it is impossible to quickly bind it in processes that allow its degradation and decomposition; for this reason, they have become half of the waste that exists on the planet today. The drift of these materials leads them, under ambient conditions, to gradually fragment into particles reaching the scales of micrometers and nanometers. These particles have been categorized as incidental contaminants: micro and nanoplastics. Today, the world is witnessing the nanotechnology boom and more and more industries are interested in the use of this emerging technology; They intentionally produce micro and nanoplastics to be incorporated into cosmetic products, textile fibers, among many other purposes. The contamination of these plastic particles of imperceptible dimensions, reaches food for human consumption through persistence in ecosystems and bioaccumulation, through different routes of exposure, mainly through ingestion in the different chains that make up the global trophic web, in addition, of the migration of the material used for the storage, preservation and packaging of food. When ingested, nanoplastics and some microplastics cross physical epithelial barriers and are distributed throughout the body, entering practically all body tissues, altering their function and increasing the disease burden of biotic communities, including humans. As they are considered inert and heterogeneous materials, their identification and recovery are complex, in addition to not being completely effective. This paper seeks to review information that allows evaluating the impact of nanoplastics present in food, highlighting the toxic effects that these materials have for human health through bioaccumulation and biomagnification in food chains at the subcellular biomolecular level and, on the other hand, describe recovery techniques for nanoplastics to reduce their presence in food. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the French Revolution, the French concept of the separation of powers has been dominated by mistrust of judges and confidence in the law. It was against this complex background that the Constitutional Council was created in 1958 and has developed over the last 65 years, culminating in the introduction of a constitutional review of enacted legislation. By virtue of this history, the organization, composition and perception of the Constitutional Council remain predominantly political, despite progress towards greater "judicialization". The challenge for the Constitutional Council is therefore to try to overcome these constraints of the past, in order to fully fulfil its role as a counterweight and guardian of rights and freedoms, for example in times of crisis or to resolve environmental issues. In the future, the Constitutional Council will inevitably be confronted with social emergencies and the question of the effectiveness of social rights, as well as the consequences of scientific progress and new demands concerning, for example, artificial intelligence, algorithms, animals or robots. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The work consisted of a retrospective review of the production of coconut nuts (Cocos nucifera L.) in Baracoa, the most productive locality of coconut palms in the country and the integral functioning of the agroecosystems dedicated to this crop. A historical analysis was made of the causes of the advances and setbacks that occurred in its annual productions and from the results of the review of written information and surveys carried out on a representative sample of actors, facilitators, decision-makers and people knowledgeable about the crop and the locality, the problems that currently limit the productivity of its Agroecosystems were briefly recorded. A participatory assessment of the current state of the plantations is made and some considerations are provided for their restoration. It concludes with a proposal that can contribute to visualizing the problems and actions to be carried out, to raise the quality of life of the population, the resilience of agroecosystems, productive diversification, and marketing of productions and the care of natural resources as a basis for environmental protection. It is suggested that a participatory research be carried out to strengthen the path to the prospective sustainable development of coconut trees in Cuba, under agroecological principles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Historia y Comunicación Social is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Historia y Comunicación Social is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Pedagogía Profesional is the property of Universidad de Ciencias Pedagogicas "Enrique Jose Varona" Facultad de Ciencias Tecnicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Dilemas Contemporáneos: Educación, Política y Valores is the property of Dilemas Contemporaneos: Educacion, Politica y Valores and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ad-gnosis is the property of Ad-gnosis Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ad-gnosis is the property of Ad-gnosis Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Opuntia Brava is the property of Universidad de Ciencias Pedagogicas de Las Tunas, Centro de Documentacion e Informacion Pedagogica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Pedagogía Social is the property of Pedagogia Social and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Dilemas Contemporáneos: Educación, Política y Valores is the property of Dilemas Contemporaneos: Educacion, Politica y Valores and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Rural Art Center (CRA) is a platform for artistic projects located in the province of Buenos Aires that focuses on the relationship between the body and the territory through collective experiences such as walks, meetings, and survey projects. The CRA promotes community work practices in rural environments, known as "germi-natives," which seek to revalue rural life and promote landless agroecology. In addition, the CRA collaborates with other centers in Brazil and Colombia to question binary oppositions and hierarchies in the relationships between the local and the global, the rural and the urban. The Rural Art Center has supported artistic projects that seek to restore sensitivity and generate socio-territorial links based on the care of life, and proposes terraforming practices that go beyond the contemplation of the landscape. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Crónica Tributaria is the property of Instituto de Estudios Fiscales, Ministerio de Hacienda y Funcion Publica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The High Court of Justice of Castilla y León has issued a sentence in which the debate revolves around whether olive pomace is a byproduct or a waste. The Association "Plataforma Bierzo Aire Limpio" has filed an appeal against an order from the Ministry of Development and Environment of the Junta de Castilla y León that authorizes the use of olive pomace as fuel in a cement manufacturing plant. The court considers that olive pomace is a waste and that its incineration can be harmful to health and the environment. The sentence establishes that the distillation of pomace oil is carried out with flammable chemicals that can be harmful to health. It is determined that the file must be processed as a substantial modification and the appeal filed is partially upheld. However, the allegation regarding the use of slag as raw material in cement manufacturing is rejected. The importance of distinguishing between waste and byproducts is emphasized, and it is mentioned that olive pomace must be subject to the Waste Law. [Extracted from the article]

This article studies how Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) is regulated in Mexico. For this purpose, the methodology of analysis of theoretical studies or literature review was used. The regulatory regime of EPR was addressed, identifying the principles set forth by international environmental law that are applicable to it, and a search was made in the federal legislation and in the law of each state regarding waste treatment, whether it is regulated and how it is regulated. It was found that at the federal level there is no regulation and at the local level only 25% of the states regulate Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]