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The article titled "Mists and Beautiful Clouds with Little Rain" presents a collection of photographs of mists and clouds in the Sant Bartomeu del Grau region, Barcelona. Although some rays and cumulonimbus clouds are observed, there hasn't been much rain. The mists bring moisture to the countryside, but the rivers and reservoirs are dry. The images capture the beauty of the mists and lenticular clouds, as well as phenomena such as the Brocken specter and rainbows. [Extracted from the article]

The article "September 6, 2024 Intense and Persistent Precipitation in the Central Pyrenees" describes an anomalous meteorological episode in the central Pyrenees that caused heavy rainfall and sudden rises in rivers and ravines. A cyclonic circulation is observed in the NOAA-20 satellite image from NASA, with an isolated cold storm that generated cloudiness and rain in the Iberian Peninsula. The presence of moisture and shear favored intense convective movements, with precipitation records between 100-200 mm and multiple impacts on the road network. [Extracted from the article]

A common garden trial with 18-month-old trees from 64 half-sib families of Pinus patula was established to identify genetic variation in growth and survival in response to drought for four months (November 25, 2020 to March 25, 2021, winter). A split-plot design with two moisture levels (Irrigation S0 = 40 - 55 % and Drought S1 = 20 - 39 % volumetric moisture) was used in large plots and families in small plots. At the beginning and end of the trial, the height (HT), diameter of the base (DB), and number of whorls and branches were determined, and the absolute (AGR) and relative (RGR) growth rates in HT and DB were calculated. Differences were found between the moisture levels during growth. Survival was 71 % in S0 and 60 % in S1. In S1, AGR in HT and DB was affected by 52 and 38 %, and RGR by 46 and 32 %, respectively, with respect to S0. In S0, 31.4 % of the plants formed one whorl and 2.1 % two, in S1 only 13.4 % and 0.2 % did. Genetic control was moderate in the joint environments with h²i between 0.03 and 0.17 and h²f between 0.15 and 0.53. The performance of the families between the two humidity conditions was stable (rB from 0.71 to 1.0) in all variables, with greater genetic variation in S0 than in S1. Moderate genetic variability was observed in the growth of Pinus patula families under water restriction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study was conducted at the Wood Center of the National University of Loja with the aim of evaluating the workability of Alnus nepalensis D. Don wood (alder) through planing, sanding, drilling, and turning tests, according to the standards established in ASTM-D 1999.87 (ASTM, 1999). The test specimens were subjected to two drying conditions, a program of outdoor air drying and another under controlled conditions in a solar dryer. The specimens were dried for 90 days, and the results showed that the moisture content is significantly different between the two drying programs, resulting in 7.85% for the solar dryer specimens and 14.12% for the specimens dried in open air. With regard to wood workability, the specimens exhibited torn and lifted grain during planing. Sanding resulted in a smooth surface without scratching defects or fuzzy grain. Drilling yielded better results using a metal drill bit, and turning showed defects due to torn grain, resulting in a rough texture. In conclusion, there is no significant difference in workability results between specimens with different moisture contents, possibly due to the species being of medium density (0.46 g/cm3). Therefore, it is highly recommended for carpentry, joinery, and simple structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ecosistemas y Recursos Agropecuarios is the property of Universidad Juarez Autonoma de Tabasco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of SHILAP Revista de Lepidopterologia is the property of Sociedad Hispano-Luso-Americana de Lepidopterologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Trees of forest importance are a group of special interest for conservation actions due to their use value. To determine whether they can be conserved in seed banks, we studied the tolerance to desiccation and storage behaviour of four species from north-eastern Argentina: Handroanthus impetiginosus, Jacaranda mimosifolia, Neltuma alba y Pterogyne nitens. Desiccation tolerance was evaluated by decreasing the moisture content of the seeds to 4-5%. Storage behaviour was determined by storing dried seeds at -20, 5 and 20 °C for three, six and twelve months. The potential longevity of the seeds was estimated with an accelerated aging experiment. Response variable in all cases was the percentage of germinated seeds. The results indicated that the species have orthodox behaviour and can therefore be stored in seed banks. Throughout twelve months of storage the N. alba y P. nitens seeds remained dormant and had to be scarified to germinate. The potential longevity of the seeds allowed the species to be classified as short-lived (H. impetiginosus), intermediate-lived (J. mimosifolia y P. nitens), and long-lived (N. alba). The results will be useful to establish ex situ conservation strategies for these species, which should be complemented with in situ conservation actions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The behavior of the sensory quality during storage at room temperature of the salt cracker with 15% soybean paste, packed in low-density polyethylene bags, was evaluated. Three batches of cracker were made and the descriptive sheet was prepared. During the storage period moisture was measured and the attributes of freshness, rancid flavor, crunch, ease of disintegration in the mouth and overall quality were sensory evaluated. The results were processed as incomplete failure data using the Weibull distribution as probability function and the shelf-life of the product was determined. The moisture content increased during the storage period. Product failure was due to loss of sensory quality. The calculated shelf life of the product was 84 days. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ciência Florestal (01039954) is the property of Ciencia Florestal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ecosistemas y Recursos Agropecuarios is the property of Universidad Juarez Autonoma de Tabasco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Legado de Arquitectura y Diseño is the property of Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Mexico and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of FACSalud is the property of Revista FACSalud and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This work was developed in the province of Pastaza, its objective: To determine the incidence of land use in the hydrodaphological characteristics in the Apangora and Kotococha, Huagrayacu and San Jacinto catchments. The recharge area was determined, points were established for soil sampling and infiltration tests, the contents of organic matter, carbon, moisture, apparent density and roots were determined in the soil. Statistical differences were reported for land use with respect to most parameters, where the mosaic reported higher carbon concentration and higher infiltration speed, there were also correlations between the characteristics of the recharge zone and the flow. It is concluded that the type of land use influences the infiltration rate and the moisture content. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: In the commissioning stage at Ciro Redondo bioelectric power plant, located in Ciego de Ávila, Cuba, an unforeseen behavior has occurred with the properties of marabou, Dichrostachys cinera (L.), used for its operation in periods of no sugar harvest. This has been related to moisture, mass and heat value, which has created difficulties in boiler operation. Objective: The objective of this work is to determine the behavior of the moisture, the organic mass and the heat value of the marabou harvested with machines, in its storage time, to predict its impact the performance of the boilers. Materials and methods: The study was based on the arrangement of three piles of marabou that remained stored for 41 days and from which samples were taken weekly for evaluating its humidity, ash content and heat value. Results and Discussion: The way in which the humidity and the organic mass decrease and the way in which the heat value increases with storage time, as well as the top time of its increase and the beginning of its decrease, were found. Conclusions: The behavior of the moisture, the organic mass and the lower heat value of the marabou harvested with machines, after being stored for a time, were determined. This new knowledge makes it possible to predict effects on the work of the boilers in order to take precautions and guarantee their correct operation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, the characterization of the starch of striped pompo plantain extracted by the wet method was carried out. The material obtained was characterized according to its physicochemical properties such as moisture content, crude fiber and amylose/amylopectin ratio, and additionally its functional properties were studied: whiteness index (IB), water absorption index (IAA), water solubility index (ISA) and swelling power (PH). The results indicate that the amylose percentage was approximately 30.2%, a percentage within the range found for musaceae, since the amylose content depends on the botanical origin. On the other hand, it presents a high fiber content of 6.68%, higher than that found for other varieties of plantain, which are between 2.5 - 4.0%. The study of the functional properties of the material obtained shows a higher whiteness index compared to other musaceae. The values for IAA that are accepted by FAO range from 0.82 to 15.52. However, for ISA, low indexes close to 0.333 were found. The PH is a parameter that goes hand in hand with the IAA and, consequently, shows the same behavior, which made it possible to establish that the starch to be treated was found to be within the ranges considered to be of good quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Colombiana de Biotecnología is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Colombiana de Investigaciones Agroindustriales is the property of Revista Colombiana de Investigaciones Agroindustriales del Centro Agropecuario Sena Buga and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Lilloa is the property of Fundacion Miguel Lillo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The main objective of this research study was to optimize vacuum frying of sausages with added chickpea flour. Pork fat was partial substituted with chickpea flour. A central orthogonal compound design is applied at different frying temperatures and frying times. The variables moisture loss and oil absorption were measured. The results showed that frying temperature was the factor that most affected moisture loss. Chickpea flour (9%) decreased fat absorption by ~15% at 152.34°C when compared to the control. Optimized values for frying temperature and time were 108.74°C and 5.08s respectively, with a desirability value of 0.64. It is concluded that vacuum fried sausages with added chickpea is a promising application for the industry since the optimized process significantly reduces oil absorption while maintaining favorable textural parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bastardia viscosa (L.) Kunth leaf is traditionally used for digestive disorders, but there is no scientific evidence on its physical-chemical quality, so its pharmacognostic characterization was carried out in this work. Macromorphological and micromorphological characteristics, percentages of foreign matter and blackened leaves were determined for three batches of the fresh drug; a drying study was carried out and the percentage of residual moisture and ash was determined for the dry drug; as well as derived extracts the percentage of total solids; according to the Public Health Branch Standard 309/91. The results showed that the best drying method is shade; the macromorphological characteristics coincide with the literature; very low percentages of blackened leaves and foreign matter; percentages of residual moisture and ashes within the permissible limits for unofficial drugs and a higher percentage of total solids in 50 % ethanol. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The stabilizing tower T-201 of the catalytic reforming plant of the Refinería Cienfuegos S.A. it should be able to strip moisture from the naphtha up to 5 ppm. According to the results of the Karl Fisher Coulometric Tritation method, there is a possibility that they do not satisfy the process requirements, which is why in this investigation the performance of the T-201 was evaluated. First, the laboratory results of the moisture content of the inlet and outlet of the tower were statistically analyzed to define the range of the values obtained and their reliability. The PRO/II 9.1 software was used to model the unit and then validated with actual operating parameters. With Matlab software, the sensitivity to the behavior of the temperature of the top of the tower with the variation of humidity in the inlet naphtha was analyzed. Laboratory results showed significant deviations so they are not reliable for measuring moisture content. The model obtained showed deviations below 5%, this being valid for the evaluation of the T-201 tower. In addition, the sensitivity analysis showed a logical behavior of the tower with the variation of temperature and humidity. Finally, that the method used for the analysis of humidity shows errors in its execution and therefore another method of analysis must be used. In addition, the model obtained from the tower can be used to evaluate other operating variables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the results of a study conducted in Cuba on the flooding time that maize crops can withstand without affecting their yield. The Tuzón variety was used in pots with Red Ferralitic soil. The results showed that as the flooding time increased, there was a reduction in maize grain production, reaching a 50% loss with 70 hours of excess moisture. Additionally, the plants experienced losses in weight and length of the cobs during the flooding. This study is relevant for the design of drainage systems in maize crops. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Revista de la Universidad del Valle de Guatemala is the property of Universidad del Valle de Guatemala and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de la Universidad del Valle de Guatemala is the property of Universidad del Valle de Guatemala and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of ESTOA: Revista de la Facultad de Arquitectura y Urbanismo de la Universidad de Cuenca is the property of ESTOA Revista de la Facultad de Arquitectura y Urbanismo de la Universidad de Cuenca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The objective of the study reflects a comparison of the conceptual life cycle analysis for 2.00 pallets built with natural wood (melinna) and plastic wood (100% PET), using the SIMAPRO 8.4.0 software in its DEMO 2017 version under the UNE standard -EN ISO 14040. The methodology used was experimental and descriptive where there was manipulation of variables such as: flexural strength, moisture content and natural durability to degrading agents for the determination of social, economic and environmental aspects. The results of the comparative analysis affirmed that the pallets of natural wood affect human health by 100%, unlike the pallets of plastic wood, which affect life in ecosystems by 2%. For the conservation of Biodiversity, natural pallets affect 100% and plastic pallets 47%. Plastic wood, compared to natural wood, has several benefits such as greater impermeability, easy cleaning, greater safety (due to chipping), low moisture absorption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of DYNA - Ingeniería e Industria is the property of Publicaciones Dyna SL and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de la Universidad del Valle de Guatemala is the property of Universidad del Valle de Guatemala and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Volumetric changes induced in expansive clays due to variations in their moisture content have originated significant structural damage in several countries. Chile has not been an exception in this matter. Preliminary assessments of these soils' potential volumetric changes is usually based on limited technical information before developing a complete geotechnical exploration. As an alternative to such estimations, a simple method based on extensive experimental data is herein proposed to predict the swelling potential of these clays when their moisture content increases, even until complete saturation of the soil, which is their most critical situation. An example of this simple method is its application to the calculation of the vertical movement of a typical strip foundation in one of the investigated sites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The stability of a lyophilized product is very sensitive to the effect of residual humidity, for that reason it is important not only to control it in every stage of the process of lyophilization, but also the preparation of the packaging material to use. The objective of the present work was to evaluate the influence of the treatment received by bromobutyl freeze drying closures on the residual moisture content of the lyophilized injectable omeprazole 40 mg. The three bromobutyl freeze-dried closures batches of 20 mm were tested, sterilized by moist heat and dried. The moisture content of three industrial batches of omeprazole was estimated using sterile and dried closures, for twelve months, by Karl Fischer technique, as well as the assay of the injectable by a chromatographic method. It were successfully demonstrated that the closure's weight increased, as a result from the humidity absorption associated to the sterilization process. The drying process of the closures decreased the initial moisture content. The industrial batches of the freeze-dried injectable omeprazole, by using sterile and dry bromobutyl closures, kept the moisture content within the established limit, for twelve months, as well as the assay, without risks for the quality of the final product. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

municipalities in Las Tunas province, Cuba, in the period 2008-2012. For this purpose, 249 fires were analyzed along with the behavior of meteorological variables. There were found differences among the municipalities regarding the occurrence of fires, the areas affected and the factors related to the spreading. For the case of small fires, it was verified the relationship between meteorological variables and the area affected by fires, although the correlation values were not high. The variables with greater influence, as it was expected, were those related to the moisture of the combustible materials, to the accumulated of precipitations 15 and 20 days before each fire and the relative humidity. It was possible to group successfully the number of fires and affected area with respect to different ranges of the meteorological variables, obtaining qualitative criteria of fire risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The knowledge of the factors that produce the deformations of the wood can help to a suitable selection of the material before its sawing. One way to address the problem of deformation is with the understanding of the mechanisms that regulate it. The objective of the work was to describe the behavior of the movement of water during the drying of wood as an influential factor in the deformations of the same during this process from a theoretical model, which unifica features Newton's dynamics of a system of particles and schemes of the methods of the finite elements. This model allows to establish in detail the qualitative and quantitative influence of the humidity in the nature of the deformations, which facilitates to value the experimental results, to make predictions in the practical activity, and to obtain a considerable saving of resources and time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this work was to study and model the dehydration kinetics of nixtamalized corn kernels with different steeping time (ST) in cooking-alkaline water. These corn kernels with ST lose moisture (LM) continuously by differential "dM" by time differential "dt." Both are proportional to the amount of moisture M (t) existing in hydrated corn kernels at time "t" plus a constant "C" (determined with the application of boundary conditions). "K" is the proportionality constant. The proposed differential equation has the mathematical structure: dM / dt = - K [M (t) + C]. When solving this differential equation and replacing boundary conditions, the solution was: M (t) = (M0-ME) eKt - ME. In conclusion, this study presents a mathematical hypothesis for this formula that many authors have used in their publications without having a mathematical hypothesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of the work was to evaluate the incorporation of rice flour in the elaboration of a melted cheese. It was decided to evaluate the incorporation as an extender in three contents (5, 7 and 9%). After 24 hours of elaboration of the product and by means of the sensory evaluation, an increasing order of preference was established in the fundamental characteristics of the melted cheese: texture and flavor. The melted cheese with the defined rice flour level, was characterized in its compositional, sensory and microbiological indicators, presenting a moisture, protein and fat content in dry extract of 42.81, 18.71 and 48.95%, respectively and adequate microbiological quality. The score achieved in the sensory evaluation allowed obtaining a qualitative evaluation of excellent. The quality of the cut and the au gratin test proved satisfactory, since the adhesion of the cheese flakes to the knife blade was not observed, and crispy and golden flakes were obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aimed to evaluate a spreadable processed cheese obtained from costeño cheese (fresh cheese), through its physicochemical, microbiological and sensory characteristics and shelf life. A completely randomized experimental design was used, the data were processed by Analysis of variance and Tukey test. The experiments were in triplicate using mixtures of costeño cheese (fresh and aged) with different percentages (40, 50 and 60%) and different aging times of the costeño cheese (15 and 30 days). The moisture, protein, and acidity content and pH obtained in the cheeses were similar to other melted cheeses, the fat content and the salt being higher and lower, respectively. The microbiological characteristics are within thiose established for this cheese. The processed cheese with greater sensory acceptance was composed of 40% of costeño cheese aged for 15 days and 60% of fresh costeño cheese, while the shelf life was approximately 23 days. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Antecedentes: la composición de aminoácidos de las fuentes de proteína en la alimentación animal como las leguminosas varía ampliamente, lo cual implica aumentar el nivel de inclusión para cubrir el requerimiento de aquellos aminoácidos que se encuentran en menor proporción en dichas materias primas. Así, la disponibilidad de aminoácidos sintéticos ha permitido cubrir el requerimiento, aumentar la productividad y disminuir la excreción de nitrógeno al medio ambiente. Recientemente la disponibilidad de arginina e isoleucina ha traído consigo la necesidad de evaluar la respuesta productiva de las aves a estos aminoácidos. Objetivo: evaluar el efecto de diferentes relaciones de arginina digestible (dArg) e isoleucina digestible (dIle) sobre el rendimiento productivo y la eficiencia alimenticia en pollos de engorde. Métodos: el experimento se llevó a cabo en el centro de validación de Iluma Alliance con aval comité de ética (CEIUVA- 044, April 7 2022). Un total de 975 pollos machos Ross 308 AP, fueron alojados en corrales de piso; se diseñaron 3 tratamientos, cada uno con 13 réplicas bajo un modelo de bloques completos al azar, con un lado del galpón como factor a bloquear. El periodo experimental tuvo una duración de 42 días y dos fases alimenticias: inicio (0-21 d) y finalización (22-42 d); en los días 21 y 42 se midió la ganancia de peso corporal (GPC), consumo de alimento (CA) y eficiencia en el uso de nutrientes. Los datos fueron analizados mediante un modelo lineal mixto y las comparaciones entre pares se analizaron mediante prueba de Tukey (HSD). Resultados: el incremento en la relación dArg:dIle aumentó significativamente la GPC y disminuyó significativamente la tasa de conversión alimenticia. No se evidenciaron diferencias estadísticas en el CA; sin embargo, la eficiencia en el aprovechamiento de la energía metabolizable y la lisina digestible por kilogramo de peso ganado mejoró de manera significativa. Adicionalmente se evidenció una mejor calidad de las camas. Conclusiones: el aumento en la relación dArg:dIle a lo largo del ciclo productivo puede mejorar la ganancia de peso corporal y la eficiencia en la utilización de nutrientes en pollos de engorde. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Antecedentes: las muestras de forrajes para análisis de laboratorio deben cumplir con parámetros como representatividad, cantidad y calidad, evitando que se presenten cambios por un inadecuado embalaje o por tiempos prolongados de transporte, lo que puede afectar la calidad de los resultados de laboratorio. Una alternativa para impedir estos daños es el uso de empaques apropiados que permitan mantener su calidad desde la colecta hasta la llegada al laboratorio. Objetivo: diseñar un empaque biodegradable para envío de muestras de forrajes frescos para garantizar su estabilidad en la calidad durante el transporte hasta el análisis de laboratorio. Métodos: se evaluaron cuatro empaques: bolsa de papel Kraft usada convencionalmente, empaques biodegradables Doymetalizado y Doy-pack y bolsa de papel con ventana plástica. Se evaluó la estabilidad de la calidad nutricional en el tiempo (0, 2, 6, y 12 días), considerando el tipo de forraje (gramíneas, leguminosas y arbóreas) y siete ecoregiones de Colombia desde donde se realizaron los envíos, adicionalmente se evaluó la presencia de hongos, mediante una prueba de chi-cuadrado. Resultados: la composición química de los forrajes presentó cambios significativos por efecto del empaque en términos de materia seca, proteína, carbohidratos estructurales y no estructurales. La presencia de hongos fue mayor en los forrajes empacados en Doymetalizada (22,2 %), seguido por bolsa de papel (7,4 %), Doy-pack (7,4 %) y la bolsa con ventana plástica (0 %). La mayor pérdida de humedad de las muestras durante el transporte fue para las empacadas en bolsas con ventana plástica (3,2 %), mientras que en Doy-pack se presentaron menores perdidas (1,2 %). Conclusiones: el empaque que proporcionó mayor estabilidad durante el embalaje de los forrajes frescos, tanto en presencia de hongos como en concentración de nutrientes fue Doy-pack petmet kraft con cierre hermético, al cual se le realizó un diseñó de impresión de información básica en la parte externa y código QR para acceder a trazabilidad. Adicionalmente se agregó una bolsa interior en bopp-bio para facilitar el proceso de secado en el laboratorio y de esta forma ofrecer resultados de calidad. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales is the property of Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicas y Naturales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In Cuba many studies have been conducted about the use of different parts of the Morus alba plant in animal feeding. However, in these studies, the fruit has not been included. In international literature the M. alba fruits have been reported to show secondary metabolites and contain essential nutrients (fibers, vitamins and minerals), which increase their nutritional value and stimulate their use in balanced diets. The objective of this work was to determine the physical properties and bromatological composition of the fruits from seven M. alba varieties, cultivated at the Pastures and Forages Research Station Indio Hatuey. The weight, width, diameter and number of seeds per fruit were evaluated as physical indicators. In the proximal composition the dry matter, moisture and ash were studied, as well as calcium, magnesium, phosphorus and crude fiber. For the data processing a complete randomized design was used and variance analysis was performed. The fruit weight varied between 1,3 and 3,7 g; length, between 1,6 and 3,0 cm and width, between 0,8 and 1,6 cm. The number of seeds per fruit was 19,7-42,8. In the different varieties, the percentage of dry mat ter, moisture, crude fiber and ash was 13,5-17,5; 82,5-86,5; 8,1-12,7 and 3,6- 7,1 %, respectively. Meanwhile, the Ca, Mg and P content was in the range of 322,5-356,0; 176,5-201,0 and 40,5-52,5 mg/100 g, respectively. The variety Yu-62 showed the highest values in fruit weight, length and width, as well as in the dry matter and crude fiber content; while the variety Nueva had the highest P and ash content. Meanwhile, Universidad mejorada showed the highest Ca and Mg percentage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three mathematical models were developed to describe the efficiency of grain-hulling, the amount of not hulled and damaged grain, of an experimental model to dehull the castor capsules. The model was validated with the experimental data. The variable of the model was the slack between the disc and the concave. In addition, the moisture content of the capsules was determined, with an average of 5.43%. A high correlation coefficient between the estimated and experimental values (R2 = 0.9297) at a level of significance of 5% indicated that the combination of the equations by the sum of the components is appropriate for the efficiency models of the dehulling and the grain not damaged, while for the case of the damaged grain was R2 = 0.9492. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, thermodynamic strategies are determined for the energy conversion of Municipal Solid Wastes (MSW) in incineration plants under sub-stoichiometric conditions. Energy generation from MSW is an alternative to mitigate the environmental impacts derived by their final disposal, being the production rate of MSW in Medellin city (Colombia) of about 1800 ton/day. The analysis is conducted by means of a thermochemical equilibrium model of the gasification process, where the effect of moisture content and fuelair equivalence ratio on the thermochemical process is studied. The energy potential of MSW from the city is between 28 and 44 MWe. The thermodynamic strategies for energy recovery from MSW in incineration plants at sub-stoichiometric conditions, under auto-thermal regimens and avoiding ash fusion, establish that the process must be carried out with a fuel-air equivalence ratio between 1.5 and 3.3, regardless of the moisture content of the MSW. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Terra Latinoamericana is the property of Sociedad Mexicana de la Ciencia del Suelo A.C. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tecnología y Ciencias del Agua is the property of Instituto Mexicano de Tecnologia del Agua (IMTA) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of ESTOA: Revista de la Facultad de Arquitectura y Urbanismo de la Universidad de Cuenca is the property of ESTOA Revista de la Facultad de Arquitectura y Urbanismo de la Universidad de Cuenca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Facultad de Ciencias Basicas is the property of Revista Facultad de Ciencias Basicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The relationship of ochratoxin A (OTA) with good hygiene practices (BPH) in coffee plantations in Amazonas-Cajamarca, Cusco, Junin, Puno and San Martin was evaluated, using samples of parchment coffee (Coffea arabica L.) from the main processing and storage plants. Fulfillment of good hygiene practices (GHP) were verified through the sanitary evaluation of the coffee storage places, based on a checklist with all the requisites based in the Codex Alimentarius and the national regulation. OTA were analyzed using the fluorometric method. Moisture level were measured using the Peruvian Technical Guidelines. Fulfillment level of the good hygiene practices registered statistically equal values with an average of 68.1% being Puno the region with the best numeric register (70.3%). Moisture in the producing areas did not show statistically differences (p = 0.759), being lower compared with the international standards (11.5% vs 12.5%, respectively). It was found that higher OTA levels are associated with coffee with higher moisture contents (p = 0.023), being significantly higher in samples with moisture above the national and international regulation. Also, were found a negative correlation (p = 0.003) between the good hygiene practices and OTA which links the higher fulfillment of the hygiene guidelines with lower occurrence of mycotoxins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Agro Productividad is the property of Colegio de Postgraduados and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Snacks of chontaduro (Bactris gasipaes) were obtained from fruit slices baked at 125°C and physical-chemically characterized by tests of moisture content, titratable acidity and apparent density. The snacks were subjected to water vapor adsorption tests using the gravimetric method at 25°C, by indirect contact with saturated saline solutions that provided a water activity interval between 0,04 and 0,958. The experimental adsorption values were adjusted using the Peleg, GAB, Oswin and Smith mathematical models. Snacks with a moisture content of 2.23%, citric acid of 0.064% and apparent density of 1.273 g/mL were obtained. The results showed that the water vapor adsorption isotherm evidenced convex form to the abscissa axis, classified it as type III. Oswin's model was the best fitted to the moisture adsorption experiment of chontaduro snacks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]