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We determined the genera of anamorphic fungi that contaminate the books in the quarantine and cleaning area, within the Historical Area of the Central University of Ecuador (CUE). We performed a random swab on a representative sample of 50 of these books according to a standard militarized Table. We also swabbed as a preferential sample 21 books seriously contaminated with fungi. The swabs had a surface area of 5x5 cm, rubbing on the paste, the edge and the interior of these books. The 213 samples taken were inoculated in Agar Malta culture medium. The media were incubated at a temperature of 28 ° C for 7 days. We made observations by microscopy at 40 and 100x in addition to using specialized literature for the identification down to the genus level of anamorphic fungi. The most abundant genus in this study were Penicillium (80,2%) and Mucor (8,1%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mucormycosis is an infection caused by organisms that belong to a group of fungi called Mucoromycotina in the order Mucorales; Infections caused by these microorganisms, are usually acquired through the respiratory route since the spores of fungi are found in the environment. These infections are more common among people with a weakened immune system or diabetic people, and they could be fatal. Mucormycosis can be found in several localizations but this case will focus specifically in the lung. The symptoms associaated with it are fever, hemoptysis, and tissular infarct. Radiographically, lobar consolidation, isolate mass, nodular component and cavitation can be found. Once the diagnostics is made, in any location, its important to identify the risk factors, and try to correct or improve them. In this occasion, the we present the case of a 62-years-old female, with diabetes mellitus type 2 with and 10 years of evolution,. She arrives to the emergency room of this institution with uncontrolled blood glucose (520 mg / dL), accompanied by fever.and respiratory infection, and is treated by a multidisciplinary team (internal medicine, surgery and infectology). This is the presentation of the case, its comparison with the available literature and the conclusions of the author. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Strains of Penicillium camemberti, Penicillium roqueforti, Aspergillus oryzae, Aspergillus niger and Mucor pusillus preserved for eight year by soil, silica gel and liophylization method, for seven year by the traditional and modified soil methods and for six year by the distilled water method were used in order to know the effect of these preservation techniques in the strains characteristics preserved for a long time. Determination of viability, macromorfological characteristics and bacterial contamination were carried out. Higher viability retention were obtained with the silica gel, modified soil and liophylization methods. Effects on macromorfological characteristic of the Penicillium roqueforti and Aspergillus oryzae strains in all methods were observed. Use of different methods for a long time preservation of fungal strains is important. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Postharvest diseases have been controlled through chemical fungicides; however, recently, different natural alternatives have been developed. In this research, the antifungal activity of chitosan at different concentrations (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 mg mL-1) was evaluated in vitro and in situ against Rhizopus stolonifer and Mucor spp. The mycelial growth and sporulation of both strains were inhibited at different concentrations of chitosan, with the best results when 2 mg mL-1 were applied. Spore morphology varied according to the fungus evaluated; R. stolonifer was more susceptible since spores showed variations in area, form, and optical density (2 and 1.5 mg mL-1), while Mucor spp. showed variations only in optical density starting from 1.5 mg mL-1. Both phytopathogens showed inhibition in spore germination (2.0 mg mL-1). The in situ results demostrated the antifungal potential of chitosan for control of postharvest diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]