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Copyright of Revista CONAMED is the property of Comision Nacional de Arbitraje Medico and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Pediatrica de Mexico is the property of Instituto Nacional de Pediatria (INP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A novel coronavirus causing severe acute respiratyory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV- 2) emerged in China and has spred globally, creating a worldwide pandemic. At the end of 2019, several cases of atypical pneumonia of unknown a etiology, were initially detected and reported in Wuhan, Hubei province, China. Shortly afterwards, the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) identified the novel coronavirus from the throat swab sample of a patient as the causative agent, and officially announced it on 7 January 2020. The virus spread rapidly to more than 150 countries, between december 31, 2019 and February 28, 2020, 83,631 laboratory-confirmed cases of COVID-19, including 2,858 deaths. Overcoming this pandemic will depend a greater extent on the discipline that the world population has to respect the rules of coexistence / social distancing and the only and best measure to prevent cases in future seasons will be to keep guard and not stop applying suggested prevention measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To analyze learning for managers and local technical teams of Health Promotion by using the "the social learning tree", educational approach in the problematization of needs of social transformation in Jalisco, Mexico in 2017. Materials and methods: Qualitative phenomenological study developed in 2017 with 74 participants of the approach in four rural localities; 30 informants were selected conveniently defining them through theoretical sampling. For the gathering of information, two focus groups were worked with in spaces selected by informants. Interviews were audio-recorded and semiotically analyzed. Results: The results allude to being useful when initiating processes of Health Promotion, identifying and clarifying the work, in addition to the group integration. Likewise, they are picked up again in the evaluation of the process. The technique considers the political, historical and sociocultural moment of the local context interpreting the situation to be addressed in a structural way. Diversity of leadership and opinions are emphasized as limitations which can discourage participation. Finally, ethical implications such as not respecting the culture and autonomy of the populations to participate are described. Conclusions: The educational approach allows the local gathering of diverse actors for intersectoral work revitalizing territorial management with the recognition of the participants as self-reflective subjects of their changing and complex historical reality developing in a particular way in each experience and context guided by the political, historical and sociocultural moment, the skills of the educator, and the diversity of leadership and opinions keeping in mind not to lose respect for the culture and the autonomy to participate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Facultad Nacional de Salud Pública is the property of Universidad de Antioquia, Facultad Nacional de Salud Publica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

E! reto más importante de la administración pública es ofrecer resultados a la sociedad civil de manera confiable, con instituciones fuertes y promotoras de políticas de integridad y servidores públicos calificados y con principios, valores éticos y actitudes positivas para su correcto desempeño. Por ello, el mayor desafío dei gobierno está enfocado a fortalecer la normatividad en materia de políticas de integridad, manejando directrices y las capacidades institucionales al desarrollar e implementaral interior de las organizaciones públicas, concediendo prioridad al servidor público, que es el centro y la base para un fortalecimiento institucional, favoreciendo el desarrollo, profesionaltzación, ia innovación y la creatividad de los servidores públicos de acuerdo con las funciones desarrolladas. Un elemento básico será el involucramiento de la sociedad civil en el combate a la corrupción mediante el ejercicio de controles externos a los aparatos burocráticos orientados a transparentar las acciones de los poderes públicos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article describes the process and results of educational work in rural community, based on the popular education, as a strategy for achieving the social mobilization and influence on the social determinants of context. Consisted of four stages: 1. Knowledge of the community, 2. Formation of Primary Group, 3. Social mobilization with integration of working commissions, 4. Growth process with different modalities of participation. The educational model, to three years of work, offers the possibility of achieving social mobilization by way of public demand toward organized agencies and institutions of health, education, and social development with the community empowerment and strengthening the social fabric to make an impact on the social determinants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Salud Mental is the property of Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatria Ramon de la Fuente and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article seeks to understand the process of LGBT identity construction in a sample of sixteen participants. It concludes that the Pérez model is comprehensive but not exhaustive, and that LGBT identity can strengthen individual self-concept and may generate small-scale social changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ginecología y Obstetricia de México is the property of Federacion Mexicana de Ginecologia y Obstetricia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Salud Mental is the property of Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatria Ramon de la Fuente and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista del Centro de Investigación. Universidad La Salle is the property of Universidad La Salle and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Facultad de Odontología Universidad de Antioquia is the property of Universidad de Antioquia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The vast majority of women in Mexican prisons have several mental health disorders and addictions, as well as problems obtaining access to treatment for this type of problems. These women's personal background and prison conditions reflect the unresolved problems of the country, such as education and illiteracy, access to health and housing and inequity in the justice systems. The literature has shown that substance abuse affects female prisoners to a greater extent than other women, and that their disadvantaged socio-economic status makes them more likely to engage in and continue substance abuse. Other aspects that exacerbate this vulnerability are their low educational attainment, lack of job skills, and exposure to stigmatization and discrimination in addition to the physical and psychological consequences of addictive behavior. One aspect that has been internationally acknowledged is that gender inequities make women's health more vulnerable, particularly that of female prisoners, since they have greater health deficits and moro treatment barriers, international literature has shown that female users of psychoactive substances in general face more barriers than men in seeking or continuing treatment. Research has also shown that the most common personal barriers in women are denial, shame and guilt. Likewise, women's anxiety and depressive disorders tend to be more prevalent and severe, which in turn prevents them from seeking help when they have substance abuse problems. The most common family-related barriers are the difficulty of attending treatment due to family, partner or childcare obligations, pregnancy or fear of losing custody of their children. The main barriers faced by women regarding treatment institutions are the insensitivity or inadequate training of the staff that work there, prejudice and negative attitudes towards women, lack of information on available treatment and extremely long waiting lists. As a result of the above, the aim of this study is to document the barriers to the treatment of addictions of female prisoners, a disadvantaged group that has rarely been studied in Mexico, in order to understand certain aspects related to this population's access to treatment and continuation of the latter. The design used for this research is an ex post facto, descriptive, non-experimental, cross-sectional field study. The sample consisted of 213 women, chosen for convenience, who met the following criteria: alcohol and drug users, ages 18 to 65, able to read and write and with no psychiatric disorders or handicaps that would prevent the interview. The women that participated in this study were drawn from two Mexico City prisons: the Centra Preventivo Femenil Oriente, which houses women that have been accused, tried and sentenced, and the Centro de Readaptación Social Femenil Tepepan, where the inmates are women who have been sentenced and also have psychiatric problems. The ethical care observed included informing the interviewees of the objectives of the study, voluntary participation, confidential handling of the information and the use of witnesses, as well as guaranteeing participants the right to abandon the study and not to answer questions they found uncomfortable. The instrument was designed as a semi-structured interview with 242 questions covering various areas including Allen's Questionnaire on Treatment Barriers. It can be self-administered by the respondents, has internal consistency, construct and content validity and was adapted by Romero (2002). Some of the respondents had to have the questionnaire read out to them because of their low educational attainment. This questionnaire consists of 41 items, 30 of which are divided into three categories: 1. characteristics of treatment services, 2. beliefs, feelings or thoughts, and 3. socio-environmental aspects. Each category also includes an open question to discover other types of barriers not included in the three categories. The results yielded the following socio-demographic profile of the interviewees: 45.5% were in the 28 to 40 year age group; and had had 6 or less years' education (41.3%) or completed junior high school (36.2%). The majority were single (48.6%) or common law (21.6%), while 50.7% had children under the age of 18. Certain other characteristics of this sample such as depression, violence and alcohol and drug use have been reported in other studies. Of the total group of women that had received treatment at some time in their lives, 52.6% (n=l12) mentioned some type of barrier to treatment for addictions. A total of 29.1% (n=62) of these women mentioned some type of barrier to treatment for alcohol use, while 44.1% (n=94) cited some type of barrier to treatment for drug use. Lastly, 39.2% (n=44) mentioned some type of barrier to treatment for both types of consumption. An analysis of the treatment sub-scale by socio-demographic variable showed greater difficulty in obtaining treatment among women ages 28 to 40 and among those with children under 18. Statistically significant differences were observed regarding the type of offense (robbery) and availability of treatment. As for the beliefs, feelings and thoughts sub-scale, statistically significant differences were found among women with children under 18 and those finding it hard to abandon consumption. The sub-scale related to situational aspects, such as rejection from friends, proved to be the main barrier to enter treatment and was statistically significant among single women. The results of this study pose challenges to the health and mental health service sector regarding the timely treatment and rehabilitation of marginalized women. Likewise, acknowledging gender inequities is crucial when it comes to designing health promotion strategies. Without this perspective, their effectiveness could be jeopardized and gender inequalities actually exacerbated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The existing data warehouse development methodologies focus on large enterprises, since they have been defined by numerous working groups, with experience in developing such type of systems which also require a considerable financial investment. On the other hand, there is no methodology for micro, small and medium enterprises, which have very specific characteristics, such as low working capital, low access to financing, low technological level, low formation of human talent and this enterprises are usually understaffed. This paper presents a methodology for data warehouse development that takes into account these characteristics, taking some particularities from the agile methodologies such as the use of few artifacts, few roles, small working groups, active participation of the client and the detailed activities definition for the project to develop satisfactorily. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Violence is a problem gone through by people in one way or another because of the great amount of manifestations in which it is presented. Sexual violence constitutes one of those ways. At the present time, sexual violence is considered a high-priority problem of public health and of human rights; this type of violence is presented in a continuum that goes from groping to forced sexual relationships. Most of the people associate sexual violence with its extreme form which is rape, but, what does it happen with that type of violence where subtlety or persuasions are involved in order to obtain a sexual relationship? This kind of violence is denominated sexual coercion, and it is defined as the use of any type of physical or emotional pressure used by a person to impose on another one acts of sexual order in the context of a heterosexual encounter of mutual agreement to go out together, to get to know themselves, or to have a romantic or erotic relationship, or a more formal relationship such as the courtship. Sexual coercion is a phenomenon mainly studied in heterosexual and student populations and by means of the theory of sexual scripts is one of the forms adopted by it that have been theoretically tackled with. Sexual scripts are all those structural blocks of knowledge information processing where concepts, categories and relationships based on social experience are gathered and which indicate how heterosexual sexual relationships are to be. The vast majority of the studies on sexual coercion have provided enough evidence on the fact that men are the main perpetrators and women are mostly the injured victims. In developing countries, such as Mexico, several studies show that young men frequently feel with the right, precisely for the fact of being men, to have sexual relationships with young women. For this reason, it is understandable that young women's sexual activity is mostly stigmatized, what can contribute to the acceptance of sexual coercion within the intimate couple relationships as a more «masculine» behavior and socially accepted. For this reason, although men can in some moment be sexually constrained and women can exert coercion, the meaning of the fact can be different and, besides, behaviors that are carried out to obtain the wanted sexual behavior themselves also differ between men and women. Tactics constitutes a clear example on the difference between men and women in the act of coercion. Some international studies have identified, in general terms, two types of sexual coercion tactics: indirect and the direct ones. The indirect tactics are strategies in which the person hides his/her sexual purpose. The direct tactics are strategies where the person openly uses physical or psychological force to compel the other one to get involved in certain sexual activity. In Mexico there are not studies about sexual coercion in non formal relationships of heterosexual couples. Because of the above-mentioned, the present work objectives were to know the frequency and type of sexual coercion tactics in men and women university students. Methods and material Three hundred and twenty students were interviewed, 49.7% of them were men and 50.3% women, and the average individual age was of 21 years. The sample was a non random one and the study was of exploratory type.… [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Salud Mental is the property of Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatria Ramon de la Fuente and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Salud Pública is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Forum: Qualitative Social Research / Qualitative Sozialforschung is the property of Forum Qualitative Social Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Salud Mental is the property of Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatria Ramon de la Fuente and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Alcoholism is among the main worldwide public health problems and it affects men and women differentially. Several studies show that, when compared to men, women develop more severe dependence, more family and social consequences and experience more difficulties to stop drinking. Differences on the impact that substance abuse has on women's life and health are related to the roles, functions and social expectancies placed on them concerning the continuity and care for the rest of the family. For this reason, alcohol intake constitutes a special problem since it affects the health of both the mother and her offspring. Alcoholic women have a higher risk of suffering obstetric complications during pregnancy, such as placenta insufficiency, intrauterine development retardation, early placenta detachment, spontaneous abortion, stillbirth and pre-term delivery. Alcohol abuse during pregnancy is also associated with low weight offspring, congenital abnormalities and further behavioral and learning difficulties. In some countries, drinking during pregnancy is considered an offense which requires legal action. In some cases, women may be put in jail until delivery and lactation. In other regions, children welfare authorities view drinking during pregnancy as a form of aggression or neglect. Such measures prevent women from searching prenatal attention which in its case might lead to severe health consequences for the mother, the embryo and the society. Estimates of alcohol consumption during pregnancy around the world vary considerably and figures range from 4.1% to 83%. However, the variation might be related to the amount of alcohol units and the period of time considered in each measurement. A case-control study in Naucalpan, Mexico, found that 11% of the women interviewees admitted having drank during pregnancy, 5% of the mothers in the control group and 2% of the case group stopped drinking during lactation. Still, any of the considered variables was found to predict postnatal mortality through logistic regression analyses. Another study performed with data from the 1988 National Survey on Addictions documents that alcohol intake during pregnancy is a risk factor for congenital abnormalities (OR=3.4). The available data about the risks associated with drinking during pregnancy in Mexico comes from research in general population, while little is known about clinical population. For this reason, the objectives of this article are: 1. to analyze the characteristics of alcohol consumption in a group of women who sought help to stop drinking, 2. to identify family history of alcohol abuse in this group and 3. to explore the consequences of drinking on their offspring. In this case study, interviews were held with 200 women who attended two treatment agencies in Mexico City due to alcohol consumption problems. The questionnaire used includes the Spanish version of the CIDI-SAM and other sections to explore drinking during pregnancy and lactation, as well as family history of alcoholism. Selection criteria were: 1. aged 18 or older, 2. seeking help for the first time, 3. physical and mental conditions that would allow to answer the questionnaire, 4. having drank during the previous year. Women agreed to participate voluntarily once the objectives of the study were explained and confidentiality assured. Personnel of both treatment agencies administered the questionnaire and interviews lasted 60 minutes average. The diagnostics of alcohol dependence were obtained according to DSM-IV criteria. Data were analyzed with the statistical program SPSS v. 10, for Windows. A total of 134 women reported having been pregnant at least once, and 57.5% of them admitted having drank alcoholic beverages during pregnancy. Age ranged from 18 to 61 years (mean=40), 50% were married or living with a partner, 18% were divorced or separated and 13% had never married.… [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a study on the various types of physical violence experienced by women living in prison in Mexico. Choosing 213 women as subjects, it aims to determine the types of violence these women experience from their partners. Results showed that from this figure, a total of 161 women have suffered violence from their partners and that most of them came from the age group 29 to 48 years old.

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is a fatal neurological disease caused by pathological isoform of the human prion protein. Clinical features of six cases of the sporadic form of CJD with definitive diagnosis by histopathology, and five cases with probable diagnosis were reported in patients treated at the Peruvian National Institute of Neurological Sciences. The average age of onset in definite cases was 55.8 years and in probable cases was 59.6, mostly males. The average disease duration was 8.8 months. Atypical EEG was found in 50% of definite cases and in 80% of probable. The 14-3-3 protein in cerebrospinal fluid was positive in a probable case, and typical MRI findings were observed in two probable cases. All cases studied had a typical clinical course of the disease, and it is considered as the first report of CJD in Peru. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chorea is a movement disorder which is rarely caused by erythrocytosis. Erithrocytosis or polycythemia is the augmentation of the absolute erythrocytic mass and its most common primary cause is polycythemia vera. Some of the secondary causes are erythrocytosis by central hipoxia occurring in people who live in the highlands. Chore is a rare neurological manifestation of erythrocytosis occurring in 0.5 to 2% of these patients. There was a report of a 71 year-old male patient with generalized chorea of sudden onset predominant in mouth, tongue and face and lower limbs, secondary to acquired erythrocytosis, which improved after the number of erythrocytes decreased through successive sessions of phlebotomy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]