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The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between firm characteristics and its environment, motivations for cooperating and partner selection. Particularly we analyze the heterogeneity of four types of partner: competitors, clients, suppliers (universities and technological centers). The estimation has been run with longitudinal data of the «Encuesta sobre Estrategias Empresariales» (1997-2002). Our results point out vertical cooperation as the preferred one when the firm is pursuing commercials goals, as well as the completion of innovation process. Public funding and technological capabilities are important motivations for selecting universities and technological centres. Competitors are a significant alternative when the firm is looking for partner to achieve funding for research projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]