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Melanism is the presence of an excess of dark pigmentation in an animal, which causes a total or partial blackening of the skin. In fish, melanosis has been reported for a few species, indicating that it is not a common aspect and that it more frequently affects limnic species. The capture of a Sebastes oculatus female specimen, with complete melanism, is reported. The individual was captured by hand line, in the town of Isla Pájaro II, northern Chile. Its standard length is 31.5 cm and its total weight is 993 g. The general coloration of the body is dark gray. The fins do not have the orange hue characteristic of the species at their ends. The melanic condition in S. oculatus is very rare, it is the second time that it has been reported for this species, where the expression of a dark color would be beneficial for specimens that inhabit bottoms with little vegetation and between cracks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Boletín del Museo Chileno de Arte Precolombino is the property of Museo Chileno de Arte Precolombino and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Se presentan los resultados de los análisis técnicos de manufactura en fibra vegetal de esteras o mantas funerarias, ampliamente usadas entre los cazadores, pescadores y recolectores de la tradición cultural Chinchorro, que habitaron la costa del norte de Chile y sur de Perú entre los 10.000 y 3500 aP. Se analizaron 153 fragmentos de esteras de 12 sitios funerarios de Arica y Camarones. Se describen y grafican los atributos de las dos técnicas identificadas: twining o torzal (94%) y técnica de estera cosida (6%) y sus rasgos estéticos de pintados y bordados. Estas técnicas fueron muy conservadoras y no variaron a través del tiempo y el espacio. La excepción es la técnica de estera cosida, que aparece hacia fines del Arcaico Tardío (4000-3500 aP). La aplicación de diseños pintados se registra desde el Arcaico Temprano (10.000-7000 aP) con ajedrezados y franjas bicolor (rojo y negro), a lo que se agregan en el Arcaico Tardío diseños más complejos (escalonados y círculos) además de esteras con aplicación de bordados. No detectamos diferencias en la manufactura de las esteras en relación con la edad, sexo y tipo de tratamiento funerario de los individuos que portaban estas esteras. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Chilena de Antropologia is the property of Universidad de Chile and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

We document a new record for Chinchilla lanigera, an endemic and threatened to extinction hystricomorph rodent that was considered extinct for the Antofagasta region, in northern Chile. This finding significantly increases the geographical distribution for this species, and it shifts the species' range 250 km to the north. It also represents a new lower altitudinal occurrence at only 73 m a.s.l., in an area close to the Pacific Ocean. The discovery of this new colony has several conservation and ecological implications for this species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Un trabajo de rescate arqueológico en la cuenca alta del Río Loa (norte de Chile) resultó en el hallazgo de una inhumación prehispánica de un infante asociado a variados atavíos y ofrendas, junto a los restos óseos parciales de una adolescente. Ambos individuos fueron sometidos a análisis de isótopos estables para establecer paleodieta (δ13C y δ15N) y movilidad (δ18O y 87Sr/86Sr). Además, se efectuaron dataciones radiocarbónicas pareadas de los restos bioantropológicos y culturales con el fin establecer la cronología de la inhumación y, a la vez, evaluar la existencia de un posible efecto reservorio marino. Los resultados isotópicos sugieren consumo de dieta principalmente terrestre y un origen local para los individuos, aunque con una ingesta moderada de recursos marinos. Los fechados radiocarbónicos presentan una inesperada diferencia entre las edades de las ofrendas y los restos humanos, indicando la existencia de un importante efecto reservorio. Dichos resultados dan nuevas luces sobre el consumo de alimentos marinos durante el Formativo temprano en la región, a la vez que permiten ejemplificar los alcances de efectuar dataciones pareadas de restos humanos y culturales. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Boletín Latinoamericano y del Caribe de Plantas Medicinales y Aromáticas is the property of Universidad de Santiago de Chile and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article presents the results of an investigation of the exchange of products between the border caravans from the Andean highlands and the sub-cordillera valleys which took place in the Codpa valley in northern Chile in the middle of the 20th century. Making use of a multi-situated and extended ethnographic case study, it offers a relational and contextual interpretation of the historical phenomenon of the marchantes and their practice of "leaving children" from indigenous communities on the Bolivian border with Chile. We analyze oral sources, complemented by documentary ones, to detail the experiences of local actors and their universe of meanings. As a result, we argue that the marchantes were "cultural mediators" in the (re) production of the alterity of the frontier, using sociocultural practices that were inscribed in local kinship customs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Boletín del Museo Chileno de Arte Precolombino is the property of Museo Chileno de Arte Precolombino and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study attempts to demonstrate how methods of social cartography can serve as a political tool for the re-vindication of indigenous rights. This study employed methods of social cartography to map indigenous territorial knowledge in the indigenous community of Chapiquina in northern Chile as a process of re-appropriation of ancestral territory. Methods of social cartography serve to make visible mental "geo-graphies"which are invisible to the Chilean state. This process led us to infer the hypothesis that the process of rural-urban migration from these Aymara communities to the city of Arica is not a process of indigenous de-territorialization. Instead we argue that these processes represent the transformation and construction of contemporary rural-urban Aymara territory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Biologia Marina y Oceanografía (RBMO) is the property of Universidad de Valparaiso, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Estudios Atacameños is the property of Estudios Atacamenos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Estudios Atacameños is the property of Estudios Atacamenos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista del Museo de Antropología is the property of Museo de Antropologia - IDACOR and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Dilemas Contemporáneos: Educación, Política y Valores is the property of Dilemas Contemporaneos: Educacion, Politica y Valores and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Limite is the property of Universidad de Tarapaca, Departamento de Filosofia y Psicologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Boletín del Museo Chileno de Arte Precolombino is the property of Museo Chileno de Arte Precolombino and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Focusing on the description of funerary altars to the dead made in southern Peru and northern Chile, this work aims both to highlight their wide presence in the Central and the Southern Andes and to delve into some relevant dimensions (spatial, mythical, and ritual), which refer to a set of common problems more or less explicit in the different casuistries under consideration. Secondly, it inquires about the pertinence of going beyond the conceptual boundaries which separate the populations of the so called "highlands" and "lowlands" in this area of South America. Thirdly, it considers the heuristic value of the notion of "boundary" in order to find a synthesis to the problems dealt with in the analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Biologia Marina y Oceanografía (RBMO) is the property of Universidad de Valparaiso, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Estudios Atacameños is the property of Estudios Atacamenos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Melanism in fish is rare; it is expressed in a greater number of limnetic species rather than marine. The capture of a Cheilodactylus variegatus female specimen with full melanosis is reported. The individual was captured with harpoon by apnea diving, in the Caleta Piedra Azul, northern Chile. Its standard length was 33.6 cm and a total weight of 960 g. There is no morphological difference if compared with normal color specimens. The general coloration of the body is dark gray, with slightly lighter vertical stripes on the flank. No fins show the orange hue characteristic of the species. The validity of trematode infection effect as a causal agent of melanosis is discussed, because it is a mutation in the melanocortin receptor (MC1R). The melanosis condition in Ch. variegatus, is very rare. It is the first time that this phenomenon is reported for this species, where the expression of a dark color, would be beneficial to specimens who reside on bottoms with little vegetation and among crevices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The concentration of Cu, Cd, Ni and Zn in intertidal sediments and Emerita analoga (Stimpson, 1857) in eight sectors of south Mejillones Bay, Chile was determined. Only Zn showed a certain degree of contamination in the sediments of the bay with a rate of geoaccumulation of 2.8. In analyzing the content of metals in E. analoga, we determined that this species would bioaccumulate some of the metals analyzed but low magnitude, with the exception of Zn bioaccumulation factor of 2.07. The similarity dendrogram performed with bioaccumulation index data related the values of this index with the spatial distribution of major industries and urban areas. This concordance allows establishing that E. analoga be responding as an indicator of environmental health for this system. It is also important to note that this bay is experiencing the first signs of a moderately impacted industrial area. Therefore it is necessary to generate consistent measurements, covering more than an environmental matrix, in order to control the human impact in this highly productive coastal marine ecosystem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a result of the ruling of the International Court of Justice in the dispute over the maritime boundary between Peru and Chile and the lawsuit filed against the latter by Bolivia, Chile's northern border has gained renewed visibility in both the media and the Chilean political agenda. Beyond this situation, the cross-border and regional integration dynamics and the consolidation of a new security agenda have led to the strategic positioning of this territory, historically marginalized and isolated in the midst of excessive centralization that has characterized the Chile's state institutions. In that sense, the factors that account for the importance of this area in the regional and international levels, together with the agenda in terms of the Chilean government's public policy for this territory, are analyzed throughout the article. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Estudios Atacameños is the property of Estudios Atacamenos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Estudios Atacameños is the property of Estudios Atacamenos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

We measured the concentration and distribution of Cu, Ni, Pb, V, Fe, Al, and Zn in the marine sediments of four bays (Caldera, Calderilla, Inglesa, and Salada) in the Atacama Region, Chile. Average global concentrations were: 85.5 mg kg-1 for Cu, 87.9 mg kg-1 for Zn, 37.7 mg kg-1 for Pb, 22.7 mg kg-1 for Ni, 117.8 mg kg-1 for V, 0.09% for Fe and 0.1 mg kg- for Al. A statistical analysis of the metal distributions and contents in these bays revealed three different groups: Caldera Bay, with a high degree of industrialization (mainly mining-related activities); Calderilla Bay with marine farming and industrial fishery activity; and Inglesa and Salada bays, both with intense marine farming and little or no influence from industrial mining or fishery activities. The geoaccumulation index and environmental quality standards for sediments indicated incipient enrichment of the metals measured in these bays associated with the anthropogenic activity carried out in the zone, but at the moment, these metals only present an occasional risk for benthic communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Estudios Atacameños is the property of Estudios Atacamenos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Estudios Atacameños is the property of Estudios Atacamenos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Papeles de Población is the property of Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Mexico and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Estudios Atacameños is the property of Estudios Atacamenos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Estudios Atacameños is the property of Estudios Atacamenos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Estudios Atacameños is the property of Estudios Atacamenos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Estudios Atacameños is the property of Estudios Atacamenos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In Chile crops of the northern scallop Argopecten purpuratus have been developed intensively from seeds obtained in natural environment, and since 1980 from hatchery's seed, when this technique could be controlled and developed. In order to provide information on the performance of seeds of northern scallops in this study growth in length between cohorts produced from seeds obtained in natural environment (CN) and hatchery (CH) in Tongoy (Chile) was compared using ANCOVA. We assessed the consistency of this comparison in different years and seasons. The compared cohorts are pairs of cohorts produced simultaneously in the years 2003 (spring), 2005 (winter) and 2006 (summer). Statistical analysis showed that there are significant statistical differences between cohorts obtained from natural environment and those obtained in hatchery. The Tukey's test showed differences between CN2003 and CH2003 and also between CN2005 and CH2005, while there were no significant differences between CN2006 and CH2006. These differences indicate that the cohorts of natural environment seeds grew faster than those of hatchery. Inter annual comparison showed significant statistical differences. These results are discussed in terms of the cultivation temperature and the heterozygosity for the growing population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rocky fish (Graus nigra) commonly named "mulata" is an important resource along the coast of central and northern Chile. Due to great acceptation as fish for human consumption have been intensively fished so as it's needed develop its production by means of aquaculture techniques. First attempts for culturing this species have given promising results with regard to production of larvae and juvenile fish. In this study results of growth and feeding of hatchery produced juveniles are reported. Fish juveniles were generated using wild brooders by means of application standard techniques of hatchery. Cultivation of juvenile fish was developed in tanks supplied with not filtered seawater and provided with constant aireation. Results related to food consumption regarding to feeding behaviour and feeding frequency are described. Also, quantitative relationships related to growth in a period comprising between 70 and 205 days after hatching are reported. Aspects related with growth indexes and water temperature and the antecedents for establishing criteria for feeding this fish under culture conditions are discussed. In addition the perspective for developing the culture of this species and its scaling-up is examined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Estudios Atacameños is the property of Estudios Atacamenos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Reproductive and population parameters of Thais chocolata that would contribute to the validation of the current extraction standards were obtained by performing a study in the protected area of La Rinconada Marine Reserve, Antofagasta, Chile, from December 2008 to January 2010. In terms of reproduction, the results revealed asynchronic gonad development in the population, with specimens in different stages of maturity throughout the year. Mature individuals were distributed between 5 and 13 m depth, forming aggregations at 5 m depth during much of the year. Periods of greater maturity were observed from July to August and November to January, with the most important aggregations at the end of both periods. A relationship was observed between the months with the greatest maturity and aggregations and the months with the highest daily temperature fluctuations. At the population level, the results allowed us to estimate 2.3*106 individuals, with 39% of this population over the minimum legal size (55 mm). The relatively slow growth estimated for this population was probably influenced by the high variability of the bottom temperature in this area. The critical size and size at first maturity of the population were higher than the minimal legal size, making it is necessary to review the current fishing regulation for this species. The effectiveness of the State marine reserves in the conservation of this marine resource was demonstrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wild juveniles of Graus nigra were collected and acclimated for 30 days in ponds with open- water flow and ambient temperature; the specimens were given a formulated feed. Fish individuals were separated into six groups that were studied for 196 days. The average survival was 80%. The total length increased an average of 93.3% for large individuals (groups 4, 5, 6) and 125% for small ones (groups 1, 2, 3). The total weight showed an average increase of 434% for large fishes (groups 4, 5, 6) and 707% for small ones (groups 1, 2, 3). Graus nigra was found to tolerate captivity and handling, with a relatively high survival rate, making it an attractive species for aquaculture in Chile. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The growth and survival of juvenile octopus, Octopus mimus, from northern Chile, fed three different diets were analyze during 57 days. Two of the diets (A and B) were wet diets stuffed in lamb gut with a gelatin solution, and the third (C) was a natural control. Diet (A) was a mixture of chopped fish meat (Cheilodactylus variegatus) and pellets of salmon meal; diet B was made up of clam (Protothaca thaca) mixed with C. variegatus meat; and diet (C) (control) consisted of fresh frozen clams. The experimental design was based on repetitive measures; the octopuses were supported individually 70-L tanks, with constant sea water circulation and aeration. The octopuses fed diet B did not registred mortality, whereas those fed the control (diet C) presented a mortality of 16.7%. Growth rates were similar (P > 0.05) for these two groups, with absolute growth rates (AGR) of 7.0 ± 0.91 (g d-1) and 6.6 ± 1.10 (g d-1), respectively. The octopuses fed diet A had a mortality of 33.3% and an AGR of -1.70 ± 0.37 (g d-1). Diet A, which contained pellets of ground salmon meal, was not well-accepted, and the weight of the octopuses in this group declined. Diet B, prepared with gelatin from animal origins, was no less palatable or acceptable than the control diet of fresh frozen clams, and the individuals in these two groups showed similar growth. These results will allow us to improve the nutritional quality of artificial diets in order to maximize the growth of O. mimus in captivity. Keywords: Octopus mimus, growth, diet, stuffed gut, captivity, northern Chile. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The contents of Zn, Cu, Cd, Pb, Fe, Al and Ni in the muscle tissue of Cancer polyodon from Caldera, Calderilla, Inglesa, and Salada bays (Atacama, Chile) were quantified. The results were compared with similar studies by other authors and with the national and international regulatory standards for heavy metal contents in crustaceans for human consumption. In increasing order, the metal contents in C. polyodon were: Cd< Ni< Cu< Pb< Zn

Despite indications of its presence in past ages, until the end of the last century, no records showed Choromytilus chorus north of 23°S. Certain changes related to coastal water masses in the zone could be responsible for the present lack or scarcity of this species in the coastal area. However, a decade ago, this species appeared in northern Chile in the context of fisheries. This study confirms the re-establishment of C. chorus in the Antofagasta and Tarapaca regions through surveys at six sites where the species had been registered and spat collection using suspended collectors. This species has interacted with Aulacomya ater, displacing it towards deeper habitats. The re-establishment of C. chorus began in the Atacama and Antofagasta regions and later extended to the Tarapaca region. Thus, we hypothesize that the dynamics of these shoals correspond to a metapopulation structure that has allowed larval advection, given the current system and predominant winds in the northern zone, from populations existing in the Coquimbo region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Musical Chilena is the property of Universidad de Chile and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

To better understand the population dynamics of fishery resource species, 160 zooplankton samples were obtained with a Bongo net at 40 oceanographic stations around Caldera and Coquimbo in October and December, 2005, and analyzed. All crustacean decapod larvae were sorted, and Heterocarpus reedi, Cervimunida johni, and Pleuroncodes monodon larvae were identified. For all three species, the highest abundances of early zoea were found in October in Coquimbo, whereas advanced larval stages were predominant in December. In Caldera, advanced larval stages of H. reedi and P. monodon, and early zoeas of C. johni were dominant during both sampling months. The frequency of occurrence of H. reedi larvae was similar during both sampling months in Coquimbo and greater in October in Caldera. The frequency of occurrence of the larvae of P. monodon and C. johni was greater in both areas in October. All the megalops captured in both zones and sampling months corresponded to a single morphotype, with morphological characteristics similar to the smallest P. monodon juvenile specimens. Based on the larval distribution and abundance of these three spe- cies, it is postulated that spawning occurs earlier in the Caldera area than around Coquimbo, mainly in areas near the coast, given the differences in abundance of the developmental stages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present article applies and compares three split-window (SW) algorithms, which allowed the estimation of sea surface temperature using data obtained from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) on board the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) series of satellites. The algorithms were validated by comparison with in situ measurements of sea temperature obtained from a hydrographical buoy located off the coast of northern Chile (21°21'S, 70°6'W; Tarapacá Region), approximately 3 km from the coast. The best results were obtained by the application of the algorithm proposed by Sobrino & Raissouni (2000). The mean and standard deviation of the differences between the temperatures measured in situ and those estimated by SW were 0.3º and 0.8ºK, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Estudios Atacameños is the property of Estudios Atacamenos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)