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The objective of the environmental prospective analysis for the sulphurous water at the Oil refinery is to visualize the possible future scenarios that allow complying with the emissions standards. To achieve that the author created a methodology based on the Michel Godet's one. Nine experts were selected with the use of Delphi method. These experts made a diagnosis to the industry with the use of a DAFO Matrix. The results place the industry in an adaptive position, and an overall problem was identified and the possible solution proposed. Then, the author used the methods MIC-MAC and MACTOR, as to know the variables and key actors respectively. While the SMIC method, with the support of the hypotheses proposed composed a total of sixty four scenarios, of which it was possible to choose the most desirable, even when it is the most likely to occur. Six technological variants were identified to achieve a sustainable hydro-treating process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Petroleum industry in Cienfuegos province is represented by "Camilo Cienfuegos" Refinery. It is a potential contamination and degradation risk of air, water and soil, whether for accidental discharges or for the emission of its dangerous residuals to the environment. For this reason, it is necessary to establish environmental continue monitoring programs, to evaluate the derived results, and to take the appropriate actions to eliminate or to reduce the risks and damages. The objective of this research was to evaluate the liquid residuals in the biologic oxidative pool, the last stage of the Residual Treatment Plant of the Refinery, and also in the last control point previous to the discharge of the residuals to Cienfuegos' bay. The main contamination parameters were measured and evaluated according to the Cuban norm: NC 521:2007. Water Wastes Discharges to the Coastal Zone and to Marine Waters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The appropriate administration of the residual managerial liquids constitutes an alternative to minimize the degradation of the environment and to conserve the social environment of a town. The present work has as objective to analyze, with a social focus, the administration of the residual liquids of the State Refinery of Emeralds, Ecuador. The analysis demonstrated that the main social contradictions identified in the administration of the liquid residuals are: between the condition of public company of the refinery and their irrational behavior with regard to the conservation of the environment; between the knowledge and execution of the environmental legislation; among the importance of the company for the Ecuadorian economy and their inefficient economic acting. These alone social contradictions can be resolved with the change of the patterns of behavior of the company, because it would allow advancing in their environmental administration and in the economic efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this research possible variants of separation were identified and tested such as evaporation, centrifugation and precipitation for the treatment of waste water resulting from dielectric oil production in Sergio Soto refinery of Cabaiguán, Sancti Spíritus. This wastewater with intense dark color and strong smell of hydrocarbon is released into water courses deteriorating their quality and preventing the oxygen dissolution and its decreasing due to oxidation of organic matter. It seriously disrupts the development of aquatic life and water use for domestic purposes. Precipitation variant is proposed, using ethanol as a solution for separating the residual in two phases (liquid and solid). A theoretical explanation is giving to understand this separation. Both phases characterization were done. Treatments for liquid phase are proposed and the fuel-oil with solid mixture is tested to be reused following Cleaner Production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The contamination by petroleum and its by-products is one of the most widely affecting aquatic ecosystems as it seriously troubles the soil, flora, fauna and human health due to the breaking-in a lot cases of the natural-restoration balance. The Hermanos Díaz oil-refinery, leading petro-chemical industry in Santiago de Cuba city gives off high volumes of residual waters every day. These waters are dumped into the Santiago de Cuba bay from a stabilization-pool system. This work offers a physical-chemical and microbiological characterization of the residual waters resulting from the oil-refining process, and their contamination load when dumped into the recipient body. The environmental-impact parameters were determined: chemical and bio-chemical demand of oxygen, temperature, pH, nitrogen cycle, electric conductivity, solids, phosphate ions, sulphide, hydrocarbons, and coliforms. The analysis of the results showed that the waters do not comply with the Cuban norm of dumping. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]