Search

Copyright of Neutrosophic Computing & Machine Learning is the property of Multimedia Larga and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common pathology in childhood, its clinical manifestations are usually nonspecific in neonates, however, it can be the first clinical sign of a urinary tract malformation or renal complications. Its prevalence may vary according to age and sex, with older children presenting a more specific symptomatology, usually fever and painful urination. Predisposing factors (PF) for contracting UTI in pediatric patients (PEP) are mainly: ureteral vesic reflux, renal diseases, voiding dysfunction, previous urinary tract infection, presence of catheters, constipation and poor hygiene habits. The main bacterial agents that cause a urinary tract infection are Escherichia coli followed by Klebsiela spp and Proteus spp., the definitive laboratory test to diagnose the pathology is urine culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Universitas Médica is the property of Pontificia Universidad Javeriana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Snake envenomation are potentially deadly accidents that still represent a public health issue in some countries. They may determine severe locoregional sequalae and are more serious in children. General treatment has been agreed, but there is little information available about adequate local management, where controversy remains. The pediatric plastic surgeon is usually involved in local treatment, which differs from standard measures applied to wound care in other situations. We present two clinical cases which, following the recommendations from toxicologists, received conservative treatment with excellent results, and we conducted a bibliographical review on the subject. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Upper respiratory infections are the main childhood disease, patients under 5 years of age receive more antibiotic prescription, and therefore, the risk of antimicrobial resistance increases. Aim: To address the antibiotic therapy prescribed in pediatric patients from a health unit in Tungurahua-Ecuador. Methodology: 91 clinical histories of patients between 1 and 6 years old, who received outpatient care during the months of July to October 2019, and who in their prescription according to their diagnosis, required antibiotic therapy were analyzed. The most prevalent diseases and most prescribed antibiotics during the study were determined, comparing by correspondence between the prescription issued and the one indicated in the therapeutic protocol of the Ministry of Public Health of Ecuador. Results: Upper respiratory tract infections reached 83.52% of the diagnoses found and among them, tonsillitis was the most frequent. Macrolides with 50.55% were the most prescribed drugs. When estimating the correspondence between the prescriptions during the research period and those indicated in the official document, it was found that the prescription of second-choice antibiotics with 38.46% exceeded those of first choice, which only reached 14.29% and these, in turn, were surpassed by the prescription of other antibiotics with 47.25%. Conclusions: the antibiotic therapy used for pediatric respiratory infections was not adjusted with the first and second choice drugs, established in the official therapeutic protocol, thus, it is necessary to review and update these documents, considering the epidemiological realities and antimicrobial resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: the coronavirus disease 2019 in children does not present a high casuistry globally and it is characterized by presenting a wide clinical spectrum. The evolution of the disease is less severe in kids than in adults according to the data which was provided by some studies in China and other countries. Objective: to describe the clinical aspects, the laboratory one and the treatment of COVID-19 in the pediatric population that was treated. Methods: a descriptive cross-sectional study from Villa Clara Province was carried out in 43 patients that were diagnosed with COVID-19 from March to October 2020, the group of people was selected by non-probabilistic sampling. Results: a total of 43 children were affected, the older than 15 years had more predomination, 20 children had the disease asymptomatically and the rest presented mild symptoms. Cutaneous manifestations and mild respiratory symptoms were highlighted. 17 patients presented mild leukopenia in the laboratory tests at 72 hours, the pulmonary radiological pattern was normal except in 2 children. The treatment was applied to everybody according to the actual protocol (kaletra, chloroquine and interferon) and it showed excellent results. Conclusions: the clinical diagnosis favored to register a higher incidence of the disease in the patients older than 15 years, the asymptomatic cases predominated and the patients developed mild symptoms of the disease, the majority presented normal laboratory values and chest X-rays, the treatment was based on triple therapy according to the Cuban action protocol at that time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduct ion: Diagnosis and management of congenital and traumatic articular ailments carry an additional problem in young people. Arthroscopy has improved treatment of these injuries, which are more frequent. Objective: To describe the experience of arthroscopic handling in pediatric patients affected with knee disease, managed at a third level hospital in Puebla, Mexico. Material and methods: Descriptive, retrospective, cross sectional study performed in patients having knee disease, admitted at Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad Hospital de Traumatología y Ortopedia Puebla, from March first, 2015 to February 28th, 2018. Lysholm and IKDC functional scales and Tegner functional satisfaction scale were applied at zero, six and twelve months. Student's t and Wilcoxon tests were used. Results: 29 young ones of five to 17 years of age became recruited, slightly more women (62.06%). The most frequently affected limb was the left one, with 55.17%. The disorders found are: discoid meniscus, harm of the anterior cruciate ligament, idiopathic inflammatory synovitis, tumor, meniscal injury, chondral damage, patellar hyperlaxity. Lysholm and IKDC registered improvement from the first semester. Tegner registered their ability to go back to previous daily occupations. On the Lysholm scale, there was improvement at six months. On the Tegner scale there was complete incorporation to their activities (previous to the presentation and surgical intervention). At six months subsequent to treatment, the IKDC evidenced improvement and recovery, and reintegration to their activities. Statistically significant differences (p ≤ 0.01) resulted, in measurements at zero, six and 12 months. Conclusions: Congenital and traumatic illnesses were found, the latter ones sports related. Arthroscopic approach registered positive functional results in these children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Gerokomos is the property of Indemm Farma SL and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The quick dissemination caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus SARS CoV-2 gave rise to a pandemic that affects people of all ages and to a lesser extent to pediatric patients. It is urgent to define the clinic and radiological characteristics of the disease. The chest imaging studies, as well as the computed tomography have an important role during the evaluation of the pediatric patient with COVID-19, nonetheless, there is little information available that describes the image manifestations in pediatric COVID-19 and the image suggestions related to the clinical situation. In this article a revision of the image characteristics of the most relevant lung lesions of this disease is made, furthermore to imaging recommendations in various clinical settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Poisonings throughout history have represented a constant threat to people, as well as a challenge for health personnel to prevent them. Currently it is estimated that there are around 13 million of chemical substances in the world, of which at least three thousand are recognized as causing 95% of all poisonings. This situation has generated a public health problem, particularly in the area of pediatrics, given that poisonings are responsible for up to 10% of all income in the Pediatric Intensive Care Units. Objective: To characterize the behavior of pediatric poisoning consultations attended by professionals from the Center for Drug Research and Information and Toxicology in Malanje, Angola; in the period from January 2013 to December 2019. Methodological Design: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted, which addresses pediatric poisoning consultations attended by professionals from the Center for Drug Research and Information and Toxicology of Malanje, Angola, in the period from January 2013 to December 2019. Results: During this period, 6,950 corresponding consultations were attended with acute pediatric poisonings, by telephone or in person. There was a predominance of male sex in intoxicated patients, been the medications the main causative agent. The main route of exposure was digestive and the largest number of consultations was related to the accidental circumstance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Explore how nursing professionals handle the death of a pediatric patient with cancer under their care and identify needs that they face in the workplace. An exploratory qualitative design was used, under the phenomenological framework and the Model of Information, Motivation and Behavioral Skills (IMHB). The data was obtained through semi-structured interviews with a sample of ten pediatric oncology nursing professionals. Each interview was transcribed and analyzed to identify thematic axes in the narrative of the participants. The findings revealed four categories that alluded to professional experiences in the face of the death of a patient and their handling of the grieving process. These were: Perception of nursing professionals about cancer; management of the pediatric patient in the terminal phase, coping strategies and areas of professional need. According to the findings, limitations were identified in knowledge about the subject of death and the grieving process of these health professionals. These limitations reflect being an obstacle in their clinical skills and in their capacity for assertive management. It is essential to educate these professionals about Thanatology and its benefits; as well as, to enable them access to psychological interventions for emotional management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Burns are one of the main health problems in children. It is considered a frequent, but preventable event, which leads to a hospital stay that is often prolonged and can cause effects on the child due to separation from the family bond. The nursing professional who is in charge of the child's care should focus on an integral care, taking into consideration the physical, biological and psychological spheres. Objective: To determine the nursing care in pediatric patients with burns, and the effects of separation from the family bond at "Baca Ortiz" Hospital in Quito, Ecuador. Method: Decriptive, quantitative, nonexperimental. Research population: Out of a total of 72 nursing professionals, 40 nurses who work for the Burn Service were selected. A survey was applied as a method for collecting information. The results are presented in absolute frequency and percentage tables. Results: The care related to skin hydration, control of electrolyte balance, stimulation of the child and his/her family, and the effects experienced by pediatric patients due to separation from the family bond are noted. Some of these effects are the rupture of roles and anguish, as well as somatization disorders and acute stress. Conclusions: There are difficulties in establishing care for pediatric patients with burns and effects due to separation from the family bond; which makes us think about strategies in favor of the performance of these professionals, and the reestablishment of pediatric patients with burns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Umbilical herniorrhaphy is one of the most performed surgical interventions in pediatric patients; his treatment has changed little in the last 100 years. External compression was often recommended and insisted on the importance of preserving the appearance of the navel, rather than excision. The complications are exceptional, so the spontaneous rupture of the umbilical hernia is extremely rare. CLINICAL CASE: Female infant of two months, previously healthy, with rupture of an umbilical hernial sac associated with the placement of a foreign body, with evisceration of the small intestine. The clinical picture was of short evolution because the surgical repair was immediate, with postoperative recovery without setbacks; It required brief intrahospital treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Although the indications for surgical repair of umbilical hernia have been debated and may vary among pediatric surgeons, the risk of complications is very low; The cases of mortality reported are few. Doctors and parents should be informed and be able to identify warning signs of spontaneous rupture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objective. Primary tumor of the thoracic wall is a rare entity in children. Surgical treatment commonly involves resection of the chest wall, potentially leaving large defects that can require complex reconstruction. These may include skeletal and soft tissue reconstruction with alloplastic materials and regional flaps. We report our experience in thoracic wall reconstruction after extensive resection due to primary wall tumors resection in children. Methods. We present 2 cases of pediatric patients with thoracic wall tumor who were managed multidisciplinary with wide resection and reconstructed with mesh coverage and latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap. Results. The latissimus dorsi flap was a good alternative for coverage of skeletal reconstruction in the presented cases. Conclusions. Multidisciplinary management of these pathologies is fundamental given the need to perform large thoracic ablations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. Streptococcus pneumoniae is a pathogen for humans that requires a prior pharyngeal colonization to cause disease, whose mortality is accentuated in children 6 years and older than 65 years of age. Objective. To assess the prevalence of pharyngeal carriage of S pneumoniae in two population groups in Ciudad Bolívar, Bolívar State. Methodology. During the years 2009 and 2010, two groups were evaluated: one which included 66 senior individuals institutionalized in the asylum "San Vicente de Paúl" and the geriatric "Carlos Fragachan", with an average of 75 years ± 6 years age and another that it comprised preschool and school aged 2 to 12 hospitalized in Pediatrics and the area of the University Hospital emergency services "Ruiz and Páez". Each individual took a pharyngeal sample, which was processed according to the guidelines established by the American society for of microbiology. 80 exudates from pharyngeal origin were studied. Results. Between elderly individuals 10 cases were identified (15.15%) of S. pneumoniae pharyngeal carriers. 70% (n = 7) corresponded to the male gender. In all the ages were diagnosed cases, often observed in the group between 71 to 80 years of age (n = 4; 40%). 46.2% of pharyngeal carriers concerned smoking history. Were observed significant statistical differences between the pneumococcus's state carrier and type II diabetes mellitus and vaccination's state against the bacterium, In the group of preschool and school inpatients, 3 strains of S. pneumoniae that accounted for 3.75% of the total were isolated. The highest percentage of positive specimens was obtained in the group of 2 to 4 years, with a predominance of the male gender (2.5%). Statistically significant differences were observed in the hospitalized children, between the carrier's state and personal history as asthma, cold common, urinary tract infection and infection of skin and tissue soft. They were not vaccinated against the pneumococcus or met only a single dose. Both studies identified 13 strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae, which showed a profile of resistance to penicillin, by method of disk Oxacillin, of 50%; While all of the isolates were with high resistance to macrolides and clindamycin, sulfonamides, and sensitive to Vancomycin. Conclusion: We identified a low prevalence of individuals colonized by Streptococcus pneumoniae, however should be consider the research of colonization of the pharynx by Pneumococcus as a good method to be simple and easy to obtain bacterial samples and to reflect the progression of bacterial resistance in risk groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hypospadias are defects in the clousure of the urethra. Their identification and treatment should be done at the time of birth and be attended by pediatric urologists. Pediatricians should identify their presence, advising parents, and promptly refer patients for surgical treatment. Different answers to frequently asked questions regarding hypospadias are given in this review. It is priority to repair this malformation between 3 and 18 months of age, according to the type of hypospadias. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objectives. Vacuum assisted therapy is considered as a valuable tool on the daily practice of plastic surgeons to treat complex injuries as a previous step until the definitive closure is achieved. However, the literature reporting its use on newborn patients is spare, and more research is needed in order to develop well established protocols for its use in this patients. Our objective is to share the clinical experience of our Pediatric Plastic Surgery Unit. Method. We present 3 cases of newborn patients in whom vacuum assisted therapy was highly effective to get a proper and definitive treatment of injuries from different ethology and localization. Conclusions. We consider vacuum assisted therapy as an excellent tool for the preparation of complex wounds as a previous step to the definitive surgical treatment on many patients, including newborns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objectives. We present 3 cases of dermato fibro sarcoma protuberans (DFSP) to document the unusual clinical presentation of this condition in pediatric patients. Patients and Methods. We conduct a retrospective descriptive analysis of the last 3 cases of DFSP treated in our institution during years 2010-2013. Results. A 12-year-old girl referred from another institution for DFSP in distal thigh; we practised surgical margins extended 3 cm resection and cover with artificial dermis and autologous graft; after 1 year follow up without recurrence, reconstruction of the defect was performed using autologous fat grafts. Another 12-year-old girl diagnosed of Multiple Hamartoma Syndrome associated with PTEN gene, who presented DFSP at the right labia major and at the right breast, being recurrent in this last location. Finally, a congenital DFSP in a patient referred at 3 months with giant tumour of abdominal wall. The initial diagnosis was made by MRI with gadolinium. The final diagnosis of DFSP was made based on histopathological findings of the piece following surgical resection, because percutaneous biopsy or skin biopsy couldn't confirm the diagnostic. Conclusions. DFSP is a rare type of sarcoma of the skin in children and adults, locally aggressive, with a high rate of recurrence. Wide local excision may cause maiming and disfiguring to the patient, thereby Mohs micrographic surgery (CMM) enables to reduce surgical margins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. Infection of the urinary tract (ITU) is recognized as the second cause of bacterial infection in children. Objective. To determine the etiology and bacterial resistance of uropathogens that are being found with increasing frequency in pediatric patients, including experimental, analytical and cross sectional efforts. Materials and Methods. The research was conducted at the Laboratory for Bacteriological Diagnosis "Dr. Socrates Medina", School of Health Sciences "Francisco Battistini Casalta" of the Universidad de Oriente, Bolívar City, Bolivar State, Venezuela, between January 2007 and December 2010. Urine cultures were performed according to the calibrated loop technique, with identification by conventional methods for all urine samples. Patient samples came from inpatient and outpatient pediatric hospital patients with suspected symptoms of urinary tract infections. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the techniques of Bauer et al. The main mechanisms of resistance were identified according to CLSI (2007) protocols. Results. UTIs were most frequently observed in preschoolers (11%) and schoolchildren (9%). Females were more affected than males, with significant statistical differences (p <0.05). 58% (n = 26/45) of patients were hospitalized, while 42% (n = 19/45) were patients from the outpatient or ambulatory clinics. The most frequent symptoms causing consultations were fever and dysuria, followed by fever and abdominal pain. Midstream urine sample collection methods were used most frequently (76%, n=33/45), followed by suprapubic aspirations (16%, n=7/45). Escherichia coli (47%, n=22/47) was the most frequently identified microbe, followed by Proteus mirabilis (11%, n=5/47). In general, E. coli infections responded well to quinolones (ciprofloxacin/ norfloxacin), and aminoglycosides such as gentamicin, nitrofurantoin and aztreonam. We found significant resistance to trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole (36%), ampicillin sulbactam (36%), and ampicillin/clavulanic acid (32%). The rest of the Gram-negative bacilli showed a similar pattern, except Enterobacter spp, who demonstrated higher levels of resistance to antibiotics, (resistance rates ranged from 45%-79%). Conclusion. Identified a high prevalence of ITU in pediatric patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the present study was to describe the potential influence of both, psycho-social and disease-related characteristics associated with the abandonment of acute leukemia treatment. A non experimental, retrospective and cross-sectional study examined the clinical files of 134 patient attended along five years. The results showed an abandonment index of 23%. The socioeconomic level was significant factor associated with such abandonment. However, it was observed that the majority of the patients that were in a situation of extreme poverty received economic support, suggesting that the abandonment could result from cognitive and emotional processes by the patients and their families. The role of psychological interventions is underlined, as well the need to carry additional research aimed at examining these processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Odontología Pediátrica is the property of Asociacion Sociedad Peruana de Odontopediatria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Baja California, Mexico, ranks fourth nationally in reported cases of HIV/AIDS. Since paediatric patients are the most vulnerable population, the dentist must do a well-timed diagnosis and channel them for adequate care. Objective: To describe the most frequent dental and oral mucosa alterations associated with HIV/AIDS in diagnosed pediatric patients from Baja California. Methods: A cross-sectional clinical study was carried out with pediatric patients diagnosed with HIV/AID before age 12, who were registered at Epidemiology Departments of the state until August 2006. A questionnaire including socio-demographic variables, family history, pathology, CD4 and viral load levels was applied. Later, calibrated observers registering the indicators determined by the WHO performed intraoral and extraoral examination. When an oral alteration associated with HIV/AIDS was identified, tissues smears were obtained. Results: 46 HIV positive patients with a mean of 6.4 ± 4.4 years of age were examined. 57% were male, 50% were in light symptomatic clinical category and 67% did not have suppression, 50% reported a history of hospitalizations for diseases such as Tuberculosis and Pneumonia, 63% had caries and 44% oral mucosal lesions, of which oral candidiasis was the most frequent. The DMF-T index was 5.2 ± 4.9. Conclusion: The population studied presented lesions associated with HIV/AIDS; they may be markers of immune status in which they are, so that immediate oral care, supervision and monitoring must accompany immunosuppression therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a frequent pathology in intensive care units, as a consequence of pulmonary or systemic disease. The mortality rate is elevated even though there are advances in mechanical ventilation and a better understanding of its pathophysiology . Alternative treatments, for example exogenous surfactant have been used in its management. However, various studies have shown its benefits and its possible adverse effects have not been clearly established. Due to the favorable results since its inception in the use in neonates with hyaline membrane disease, the possibility of it being used in pediatric patients with acute pulmonary lesions and specifically in ARDS has emerged. This article analyzes the use of exogenous surfactant as another therapeutic tool in this type of patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Parasitic diseases were considered irrelevant. However, environmental conditions were changed and appeared Emerging Parasitic Diseases in children, producing acute or chronic digestive disorders in immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients, in whom the process is more severe and prolonged. Its high frequency and diversity of clinical manifestations that occur require laboratory to diagnose quickly and accurately in order to indicate appropriate treatment. Usually, the most prominent symptom is diarrhea. In immunocompetent patients can self-limiting after a few days or weeks, but in individuals with other diseases, as well as the immunocompromised, there are persistent digestive disturbances, which can be confused with other parasites, irritable bowel syndrome or other functional disorders. Currently, all received specific antiparasitic treatment. This situation seems to indicate that new diseases will appear and, therefore, prevent and recognize the best way to defend the pediatric patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Encephalocranial trauma in children is a common problem in pediatric emergency rooms. Most frequent diagnosis are: concussion, epidural, subdural or mixed hematoma, lineal fractures and cranial bone collapse. Clinical findings are vomits, unconsciousness, somnolence and convulsions; its treatment is of medical nature in 85.71 % of cases and surgical in14.3 % of them. Trauma occurs when kinetic energy is suddenly stopped after an external agent crashes against the head or when the head is accelerated and suddenly stopped. Physical forces involved can cause severe damage to the craneocerebral mass by compression that pushes the inner content, distension fissuring living tissues an sliding that cuts the tissues. Neural damage occurs by direct trauma on vascular structures, secondary damage by systemic disorders and biochemical disturbances that develops immediately after trauma. Lineal and rotational acceleration best explains the superficial brain lesions, and stereotactic factors such as vibration waves better explains deeper lesions, concussion, amnesia, diffuse axonal damage and deep brain haemorrhages. Brain blood flow and oxygen demand in children is twice higher than in adults. The absence of union of the cranial bones sutures brings lesser protection to inner structures. Patients showing Rx lineal fractures of cranial bones in the trajectory of the medial meningeal artery, veins sinus or the posterior cranial fossae require 24 to 48 hours hospitalization for proper monitoring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Severe head injury is the main cause of traumatic death in the pediatric population and it is responsible for producing severe sequelae, like metal retardation, infantile epilepsy and physical disabilities. Objective: To describe the characteristics of pediatric patients with severe head injury (SHI) and analyzed factors associated with mortality. Material and methods: This is a retrospective, observational and analytic study. We reviewed all patients admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) with SHi, between May 1 of 2004 and May 31 of 2007. Statistics: Patients medical records were retrieved, all patients were separated in two groups: A (alive) and B (dead). Demographic and morbidity and mortality variables were analyzed; odds ratio was determined for those with statistical significance. Results: Of the 506 patients admitted to the PICU, 37 (7.3%) presented SHI. The mean age in this group was 7.2 + 4.4 years, with a mean Glasgow coma scale (GCS) of 7.1 + 2.9. In the CT scan, 40% of the patients presented diffuse brain lesions grade II (DBL) and 37% had DBL grade V, being these two the most common lesions. Clinically important sequelae were found in 8 (26.6%). Mortality in patients with SHI was 20% and was significantly associated with a GCS lower than 5 (p= 0.005), the presence of mydriasis (p= 0.003), lactacidemia (p= 0.006) and hyperglycemia (p= 0.001), as well as having presented cardiac arrest (p= 0.001). Conclusion: Morbidity and mortality in this study group with SHI was similar to that in most published series. A lower GCS score was associated with a higher mortality. Risk factors associated to mortality were the presence of mydriasis, lactacidemia, hyperglycemia and cardiac arrest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Staphylococcus aureus is a common cause of nosocomial and community acquired infections. Infections caused by methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) have been increasing in frequency since their emergence in 1961. Methods: A retrospective review was conducted between January 2000 and December 2004 in children 1 month to 16 years old with hemocultures positive to S. aureus. Its nosocomial or community-acquired infection origin was determined, as well as its associated risk factors and its susceptibility pattern. Results: We identified 88 positive blood cultures for S. aureus during the study. Twenty-five were excluded. We observed a significant increase of S. aureus isolated through 5 years (p<0.001). Sixty percent of the bacteremias were considered nosocomial infections and 40% community acquired. The most common risk factor (65%) was the presence of a central venous catheter. We also found methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in 68% of the nosocomial and community acquired infections. Conclusions: The frequency of positive isolation of S. aureus significantly increased from 2000 to 2004, and we observed that MRSA was present in the same proportion in our area as a nosocomial and community-acquired pathogen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Staphylococcus aureus is a common cause of nosocomial and community acquired infections. Infections caused by methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) have been increasing in frequency since their emergence in 1961. Methods: A retrospective review was conducted between January 2000 and December 2004 in children 1 month to 16 years old with hemocultures positive to S. aureus. Its nosocomial or community-acquired infection origin was determined, as well as its associated risk factors and its susceptibility pattern. Results: We identified 88 positive blood cultures for S. aureus during the study. Twenty-five were excluded. We observed a significant increase of S. aureus isolated through 5 years (p<0.001). Sixty percent of the bacteremias were considered nosocomial infections and 40% community acquired. The most common risk factor (65%) was the presence of a central venous catheter. We also found methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in 68% of the nosocomial and community acquired infections. Conclusions: The frequency of positive isolation of S. aureus significantly increased from 2000 to 2004, and we observed that MRSA was present in the same proportion in our area as a nosocomial and community-acquired pathogen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ninety strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa species, isolated from pediatric patients from the "William Soler" Hospital, suffering from cystic fibrosis and respiratory infections were studied during 2000 and 2001, as part of a joint research project between this hospital and "Pedro Kourí" Tropical Medicine Institute. Susceptibility to 10 antimicrobial drugs azlocillin, ceftazidime, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, gentamicin, tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, chloramphenicol and trimethoprim /sulfamethoxazole) was studied through the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. This method was standardized , using the reference strain Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853. The values of the antimicrobial susceptibility fell within the accepted limits. An increased resistance to chloramphenicol (87,03%) and to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (92,28%) was observed. While a high susceptibility was found with azlocillin (85,0%), ceftazidime (87,09%), gentamicin(94,09%), ciprofloxacin (94,8%) and ofloxacin (92,5%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Pediátrica Española is the property of Ediciones Mayo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Medicina Oral (16656024) is the property of Colegio Nacional de Cirujanos Dentistas Militares A.C. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)