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Introduction: the objective of this study was to analyze the incidence and predisposing factors in subtrochanteric fractures on hips previously treated with cannulated screws after suffering a subcapital fracture, based on eight cases registered in the last 20 years. Material and methods: this is a retrospective observational study on a series of patients with a diagnosis of subtrochanteric hip fracture, who have been treated in recent months for a subcapital fracture of the same hip by osteosynthesis with cannulated screws. The study period was 20 years (2000-2020). Results: of the eight cases, five were women and three were men, with a mean age of 75.12 years (range 59-87 years). In all cases, the subtrochanteric fracture occurred within a year after the first fracture, the time elapsed between the two fractures was four months on average (range 1-9 months). Regarding the disposition of the cannulated screws, most of the 7/8 cases were in the shape of an upper vertex triangle, and only one case was in the shape of an inverted triangle or lower vertex. The entry point into the femoral external cortex was at the level of the lesser trochanter in six cases, and in two cases this entry was distal to the lesser trochanter. Conclusion: in our experience, in the etiology of subtrochanteric fractures, the introduction of screws distal to the lesser trochanter, and the distribution of the screws in a triangular shape are the two main objective predisposing factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objetivo: Evaluar la presencia de trastorno depresivo y la afectación que tiene en la calidad de vida en personas con neuromielitis óptica (NMO) anti-aqp4 positivo. Antecedentes: La NMO, es una enfermedad inflamatoria autoinmune recurrente que cursa con astrocitopatía desmielinizante. Causa recaídas de neuritis óptica y mielitis con recuperación incompleta, lo que lleva a una discapacidad acumulativa. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo prospectivo en el que se administró el Inventario de Depresión de Beck-II (BDI-II) y la escala WHOQoL-BREF a cuarenta mexicanos en el Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, con diagnóstico de NMO con anticuerpos anti-AQP4 de entre 2016-2023 y diferentes grados de deterioro físico. También se recogieron datos sociodemográficos, clínicos y relacionados con la salud mental. Este trabajo es parte del protocolo con registro 94/21. Los análisis descriptivos se realizaron utilizando IBM SPSS Statistics 26. Resultados: Cuarenta pacientes fueron encuestados. Treinta pacientes requirieron el apoyo de un cuidador, independientemente de su capacidad para caminar (p=0,27) y la pérdida visual (p=0,4) o disfunción esfinteriana (p=0,67), fatiga (p=0,55) y dolor (p=0,34).) pero se correlacionó con tener mielitis (X2:7.5 p=0.006, OR 9 [IC 95%: 1.6-50.2]). La prevalencia de ideación suicida fue mayor en función de la disminución de la CV media y de la puntuación en el WHOQOL-BREF. Así, una disminución de una unidad en este índice aumentó la prevalencia de ideación suicida en 1,14 veces (IC 95% 1,03-1,26 p=0,010). Esta relación se mantuvo significativa con un aumento de 1,36 veces (95%IC 1,06-1,74 p=0,014) cuando se corrigió con regresión logística multivariable al número de brotes, tiempo desde el primer brote hasta el diagnóstico, tasa de recaída anualizada, edad al diagnóstico, así como como la presencia de discapacidad motora y visual. Conclusiones: La prevalencia de depresión es significativa en pacientes con NMO, y su calidad de vida percibida y discapacidad, más allá de su evolución clínica, la percepción de calidad de vida tras la enfermedad tiene un impacto negativo en correlación con la probabilidad de ideación suicida. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Archivos de Neurociencias is the property of Instituto Nacional de Neurologia y Neurocirugia, Departamento de Publicaciones Cientificas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Ortopédica Mexicana is the property of Sociedad Mexicana de Ortopedia, AC and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: The increasing violence experienced in Mexico and the numerous losses caused by the current Covid 19 pandemic have led to an increase in patients with post-traumatic stress. Objective: To know the characteristics of post-traumatic stress disorder from a cognitive behavioral perspective and synthesize information on effective intervention techniques for psychotherapy in these patients. Methods: Intervention and theoretical studies carried out in Spain and Latin America in the period 2013-2020 were reviewed in the Medline, Lilacs and Scopus databases and in the Pubmed and scholar google search engines. The key words used in Spanish and English were "post-traumatic stress disorder, cognitive behavioral techniques in post-traumatic stress disorder, cognitive distortions in post-traumatic stress disorder, cognitive behavioral intervention in post-traumatic stress disorder". Results: An updated review is proposed and cognitive-behavioral techniques that have been useful in the treatment of patients with post-traumatic stress disorder are pointed out. Conclusions: The use of cognitive and behavioral techniques in the treatment of Post-traumatic stress disorder favors the reduction of dysfunctional thoughts associated with trauma and maladaptive behaviors. These techniques have been shown to be effective in the treatment of patients with posttraumatic stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objetivo: Valorar la prevalencia de sobrediagnóstico de EA en un centro especializado, así como analizar la problemática actual que limita la realización de un diagnóstico final. Antecedentes: La encefalitis autoinmune (EA) constituye una enfermedad inflamatoria del parénquima cerebral, los anticuerpos anti-NMDA-R son la causa más común de EA más estos no son la única causa conocida. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo entre enero del 2016 a marzo del 2023, se incluyó 124 pacientes con aparente diagnóstico de EA ,97 fueron NMDA+ y 27 NMDA-, se analizó la información para ver si cumplían con los criterios de sospecha de Graus y correlacionar con la prueba de NMDA-R Núm. de registro del protocolo: 86/19 Resultados: De los 124 pacientes analizados, 96 tenían criterio de sospecha (77%). De estos, 79 dieron positivos al NMDAr (82%). De 28 pacientes sin criterios, 18 resultaron positivos, encontrando diagnóstico distinto en 10 (55%). El test mostró una exactitud del 0.71 (IC95%: 0.62-0.79), con una sensibilidad de 0.82 (IC95% 72 a 89) pero especificidad de 0.35 (IC95%: 0.18-0.55). Conclusiones: Para mejorar la exactitud y el VPN de la prueba, esta se debe solicitar de acuerdo a criterios clínicos de sospecha. Pero también resalta la falta de realización de otras pruebas diagnósticas en casos sospechosos por su costo y accesibilidad. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Asthma acute crisis is one of the most frequent pediatric emergencies. Quick treatment with an efficient inhaled therapy may diminish considerably the number of hospitalizations and time of crises. Objective: To compare the efficacy of administration of salbutamol and ipratropium bromide by nebulization with supplementary oxygen vs salbutamol and ipratropium bromide administered in device of measured doses with space chamber for treatment of asthmatic crises in children. Patients and method: 45 children from 1 to 12 years of age were randomly selected; they were divided into two groups and were classified according to respiratory difficulty degree. Then inhaled therapy proposed was administered three times, and oximetry and hospitalization criteria were determined. Results: Pediatric patients with non-severe asthma crisis had a better course with salbutamol and ipratropium bromide combination administered by device of measures doses and space chamber than with the same drugs nebulized with supplementary oxygen, and percentage of hospitalizations of children with asthma crises was reduced (p = 0.037). Conclusion: Administration of salbutamol and ipratropium bromide with device of measured doses was more efficient that their administration nebulized with supplementary oxygen for treating asthmatic crises in children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Nefrologia is the property of Revista Nefrologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Innovación Tecnológica is the property of Instituto de Informacion Cientifica y Tecnologica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objetivo: evaluar la evolución de la tasa de ingresos de pacientes con neurocisticercosis (NC) en el Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía (INNN) y en las instituciones públicas de todo el país en las últimas décadas. Antecedentes: la NC es una enfermedad parasitaria endémica en países de Asia, África subsahariana y Latinoamérica. México fue uno de los países con más reportes de NC durante el siglo XX. Fue también uno de los primeros países en desarrollar proyectos de investigación multidisciplinarios, en implementar estrategias para concientizar sobre la enfermedad por parte de las autoridades de salud, y en promover el desarrollo de medidas preventivas pertinentes. Durante los 90's la NC era la quinta causa de hospitalizaciones en el INNN representando el 2.5% de hospitalizaciones. Núm. de registro del protocolo: 63/14Métodos: como trabajo anexo al protocolo 63/14, en un afán de conocer mejor la población de los pacientes atendidos en el INNN, solicitamos al servicio de epidemiología la información correspondiente a los pacientes hospitalizados en los departamentos de Neurología, Neurocirugía y Psiquiatría del Instituto con el diagnóstico de NC (codificación B69 de la CIE-10), así como el número total de hospitalizados en los 3 departamentos entre 1995 y 2019. Complementamos esta información con los datos de egresos hospitalarios de las diferentes instituciones públicas del país entre 2004 y 2017 con la misma metodología, obteniéndolos de la plataforma de la Dirección General de Información en Salud (DGIS). Resultados: en el INNN, la frecuencia de hospitalización disminuyó significativamente en neurocirugía (R= -0.69; p <0.001) y en neurología (R=- 0.68; p <0.001), mientras que la edad promedio de los pacientes aumentó significativamente durante el período de estudio (R= 0.77; p<0.001). Los egresados hospitalarios de diferentes instituciones públicas del país mostraron la misma tendencia (R= -0.978; P=0.0001). Conclusiones: estos resultados muy alentadores muestran una disminución sostenida de la proporción de pacientes con NC hospitalizados en nuestro país. Toman relevancia particular en el contexto del plan de acción de la OPS/OMS de reducir las enfermedades tropicales desatendidas (NTD) en la región. La confirmación de estos datos tomando en cuenta la atención ambulatoria es sin embargo necesario. Así mismo, no debemos olvidar que siguen habiendo nuevos pacientes con NC, que no todas las preguntas de investigación son resueltas y que la investigación en el tema debe continuar. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Alergia de Mexico is the property of Coleg. Mexicano de Inmunologia Clinica y Alergia A.C.; Soc. Lat. de Alergia, Asma e Inmunologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Determination of TH2 citokines profile have arisen interest to understand the pathophysiology of allergic diseases. Objective: To analyze the expression of IL-4, IL-5 e IL-13 during the immune response to allergic fungi in sensitized patients with allergic rhinitis. Material and method: Mononuclear cells (Ficoll-paque d = 1.077) were isolated from four patients with allergic rhinitis and positive skin prick test to allergic fungi and subsequently activated with fungal allergic extracts. The supernatants were collected and the levels of IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13 were determined by enzyme-linked immune assay. Results: The levels of IL-4 in supernatants were higher than IL-5 levels and IL-13 levels (p < 0.05) during the firs 72 hours of challenge with fungal allergens in vitro. The expression of above mentioned cytokines was different attending time course response and fungal species in sensitized patients. Conclusions: IL-4, but not IL-5 and IL-13 either, showed a sustained expression during 72 hours after the challenge to allergic fungi in vitro. IL-4 could be studied as biomarker to estimate the allergenicity to fungi in sensitized patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista ADM is the property of Asociacion Dental Mexicana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Research of the University of Quindio / Revista de Investigaciones Universidad del Quindio is the property of Journal of Research of the University of Quindio and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

BACKGROUND: Skin cancer is a public health problem that is increasing statistically, likely due to environmental changes, different lifestyles, early detection and registration of cases thereof; so it is important to know the epidemiological behavior of this dermatosis. OBJECTIVE: To know the epidemiological behavior and histological variety of different cancers in the ISSSTE in Nuevo Leon, Mexico. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A retrospective study was conducted in patients with cutaneous malignant neoplasm biopsy. Information pathology reports were obtained during the study period and verified with medical records. RESULTS: 269 patients with skin cancer, of which 191 (71%) were basal cell carcinoma, 41 (15%) squamous, 14 (5%) melanoma and 23 cases (9%), other neoplasms. CONCLUSION: The incidence and histological variety found in our study were similar to the rest of the country and published worldwide. More epidemiological studies on skin cancer in Mexico are required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Relative quantification of cerebral blood flow by single photon emission computed tomography is analyzed and how to improve it with the technology available in our country. There are two way to enhance that quantification: improving the tomographic spatial resolution and generalizing the quantification method which use the cerebello as reference region, considered the best region for the image normalization process. For that aim, a non-standard images acquisition method was developed achieving an spatial resolution improvement of 18%, which is significant for that single photon emission computed tomography system that can not be updated with the more recent technological advances. Also, a new quantification method was developed based on a physiological fact found by our group. Using this fact a new reference value is defined, the pseudocerebello, which allows generalizing the cerebello as a reference region, applicable to any patient except to those with concurrent hypoperfusion on the cerebello and the visual cortex, which are less frequent in the clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The concentrations of 28 elements in 32 rock samples from petroleum wells were determined using activation analysis with reactor neutrons. Witnesses of representative rocks from geological ages of seals and productive layers corresponding to the second and third mantles of the Placetas Tectonostratigrafic Unit from the north Havana-Matanzas ore deposit were selected. Furthermore, gamma-ray spectrometry of the natural radioactivity from some representative samples was carried out and U, Th an K concentrations were determined. For each considered age, average values from obtained concentrations were calculated and compared with mean values of the elemental composition of the earth's crust for carbonated rocks. The content of rare earth elements was normalized to chondrites, and the patterns are fractionated. Concentrations higher by ten times or more than the elemental composition of the earth crust were observed for elements Sb, Hf, Hg, Sc, Co and Rb, and attributed to the presence of some clays in these rocks. The presence of higher amount of rare earth's on the second mantle confirms its differentiation with respect to the third one, and may alter the results of the neutron well-logging When applied to the ore. Corrections for the considered logging ate proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]