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The gastrointestinal tract harbors a great amount of microorganisms that are part of the intestinal microbiota whose metabolic features are the result of both human and microbial traits. The microbiota development that occurs during the infancy of a child is critical because any alteration of this process could result in increased risk of developing inflammatory diseases in the adulthood of a human being. Evidence suggests that the industrialization process has also caused a deregulation in the composition of the microbiota called disbiosis that impacts the immune system influencing multiple pathologies like the Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD). Studying microbiota composition could provide new biomarkers to manage EII patients, not only to follow their progression but also the resolution of the disease activity. There is great potential in using the microbiota to adjust the homeostasis of the immune system as a powerful tool of precision medicine, adapting therapy strategies to the individual composition of the microbiota and circumstances of every patient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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