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La contaminación ambiental causada por el creciente uso de materiales termoplásticos derivados de hidrocarburos, utilizados en la fabricación de envases, empaques y variedades artículos que terminan produciendo grandes cantidades de desechos que no se degradan fácilmente, generando problemas sanitarios en los vertederos municipales donde se requiere más capacidad y espacio. En este trabajo de investigación de un material bioplástico compuesto por polietileno de baja densidad y almidón de papa que posee propiedades mecánicas útiles para producir distintos artículos de uso cotidiano se estudiara su velocidad de biodegradabilidad en condiciones similares a un relleno sanitario que debido a la presencia de microorganismos puede lograr que en un tiempo estimado menor a 6 meses se degraden por completo o usarse en compostaje para generar abonos para la siembra de plantas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the integration of a mobile robot with a vision system, which allows to a mobile agent to detect and avoid obstacles in its path. The vision system has the ability to present a 3D model of the local scene as a point clouds representation. The hardware integration is formed by an RGB-D inexpensive camera, a processing unit and a robotic platform. For visual perception, an algorithm for reduction 3D to 2D information similar to the information provided by range sensors was implemented in order to reduce response time and manipulation data for navigation algorithms. The whole system was tested in a controlled environment, overcoming various tests of navigation and obstacle avoidance. This work exploring the capabilities of RGB-D sensors in mobile robotics at Colombian Pacific region and is the first step of a research proposal aims to implement a solution to the problem of Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the design and implementation of a low cost stereovision system for being used in mobile robots, which can estimate the distance at which objects are present in its field of vision. The location is achieved by means of an abstraction of a stereoscopic vision sensor to a sensor ring type, which will reduce the stereo information to coplanar distance readings as if it was a sonar. The vision system was used for navigating a mobile robot in a structured environment, using the techniques of reactive path planning and potential fields. The stereovision system implemented showed an average error of 5.34 cm in estimating distances, being tested as main sensor in the Pioneer 3DX robot in different environments under both structured and navigation strategies mentioned above. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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