Search

Copyright of Education Policy Analysis Archives / Archivos Analíticos de Políticas Educativas / Arquivos Analíticos de Políticas Educativas is the property of Educational Policy Analysis Archives & Education Review and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article analyzes the statements, expressed through their documents, on teacher professionalization of three international organizations: the Organization of Ibero-American States for Education, Science and Culture; the Organization of Ibero-American States for Education, Science and Culture-Unesco and the Inter American Development Bank. The purpose was to identify their explicit and implicit stances on this issue, in the understanding that their discourses, policies and practices of teacher professionalization are part of the processes of production of the social in general and particularly of the educational field. A content analysis of the selected documents was carried out from a critical point of view to the discourse. The results show that a hybrid position on professionalization prevails, although mostly characterized by a teacher-school managerial approach. The conclusions invite us to consider hybridism as a predominant feature of policy-oriented documents addressed to multiple audiences and contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Redes is the property of Redes-Revista Hispana para el Analisis de Redes Sociales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Pasos: Revista de Turismo y Patrimonio Cultural is the property of Universidad de La Laguna, Instituto Universitario de Ciencias Politicas y Sociales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Colombiana de Educación is the property of Universidad Pedaggica Nacional and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Opuntia Brava is the property of Universidad de Ciencias Pedagogicas de Las Tunas, Centro de Documentacion e Informacion Pedagogica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Estudios de la Gestión is the property of Universidad Andina Simon Bolivar, Sede Ecuador and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseño y Comunicación is the property of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseno y Comunicacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of International Welfare Policies & Social Work Journal / Revista Internacional de Políticas de Bienestar y Trabajo Social is the property of Asociacion Internacional de Ciencias Sociales & Trabajo Social and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article deals with the use of information and communication technologies in the teachinglearning process of Social Sciences. From this educational context, their use is part of the didactic means as a component. The research is based on the practical need that reveals the existing insufficiencies in its use by teachers. To improve this difficulty, a didactic intervention is proposed that integrates information and communication technologies with the theory of self-efficacy. The sample was composed of 20 Social Science teachers from the Dr. Rashid Torbay public school. The instruments used were a survey to evaluate the use of ICT in the referred process of Social Sciences and the General Self-Efficacy Scale that evaluates the levels of this aspect. The results obtained were as expected, insofar as the association between the variables ICT use and self-efficacy was confirmed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The document presents a dossier on the relationship between food and gentrification in Latin America. It emphasizes the need to understand the social phenomena related to food in cities, especially in the context of gentrification. It mentions that changes in food landscapes and consumption patterns are related to the arrival of middle-class sectors and the displacement of low-income residents. The concept of "food gentrification" is also mentioned, and two related components are identified: the transformation of popular culinary practices towards sophistication and elitism, and the presence of restaurants that appeal to aesthetic and consumption values recognized by diners with high purchasing power and cultural capital. The article discusses the relationship between gentrification and food in the Latin American context, highlighting how food systems are being affected by social processes that demonstrate their exhaustion and profound reconfiguration. It also addresses the implementation of public policies in disadvantaged and ethnically diverse neighborhoods for their commercial reconversion, as well as the diversification of urban food systems and inequalities in access to certain foods. The article concludes by highlighting the importance of this topic in the context of social and environmental transformations in Latin America. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of URVIO - Revista Latinoamericana de Seguridad Ciudadana is the property of FLACSO - Ecuador (Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Minimum Insertion Income programs in Spain have been pursuing the objective of social inclusion for more than four decades. In a context in which the number of people in situations of vulnerability, poverty or social exclusion is increasing and in which there have been substantial changes in the regional minimum income programs following the appearance of the Minimum Living Income, it is unavoidable to ask ourselves about the inclusive capacity of these benefits. Using in-depth interviews with professionals from Community Social Services and Social Inclusion Teams in Castilla y León, this study analyses the extent to which the Guaranteed Citizenship Income of this community and the national Minimum Living Income promote the social inclusion of its beneficiaries, as well as the main potentialities and limitations of the strategies they implement. The evidence gathered reveals that minimum income benefits have a limited inclusive capacity. In terms of regional income, the lack of personalization of the individualized insertion projects and their minimal adaptation to the characteristics of the environment stand out, while the state benefit, whose amount facilitates greater economic protection, is seeing its inclusive potential limited by the minimization of professional accompaniment in the social inclusion processes and by the generalized absence of itineraries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The United Nations has long highlighted that the violence suffered by women is one of the most widespread human rights violations in the world. This violence also extends to more hidden groups such as homeless women. This article links the 2030 Agenda, specifically the Sustainable Development Goals 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 10 and 16, as essential elements in the processes of social intervention with homeless women, with the "Luziérnagas" program, an initiative carried out by the Luz Casanova Foundation in Madrid, to promote the social and labor inclusion of women experiencing homelessness, specifically addressing experiences of violence. The analysis of the information collected about this program and the assessment made of it by the professionals involved, show as the main result the importance of considering the violence suffered by these women as key variables in the comprehensive processes of social intervention with them. If such violence is not addressed in depth, efforts in areas as important as work or residential areas may be put at risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This text arises from the reflections generated during the First Congress of Latin American Communication CIESPAL -- FELFACS, where researchers from 20 countries met to address contemporary media and information practices. The objective was to rethink communication and reinvent social mediation processes in various areas, from information and economic to political and entertainment. Held at the CIESPAL headquarters in Quito, Ecuador, a space with a long history in discussions about critical thinking in the region, the congress proposed a deep reflection on the role of commercial media and its relationship with political power, highlighting the need to rethink journalism as an independent and critical tool.. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article titled "For a collective transformation of the study of communication. A proposal for 2030 from Latin America" presents the proposal of the International Center for Higher Studies in Communication for Latin America (CIESPAL) to reflect on the forms of production and consumption of communication in Latin America. It emphasizes that digital networks and technological developments have changed the relationship between people and the media, introducing an amount of information impossible to process and contributing to psychological problems and social isolation. Furthermore, it proposes the need to change the study plans in communication and journalism to address current challenges, such as fake news and mental health problems caused by screen exposure. The proposal seeks to democratize communication and approach the field in a holistic manner, prioritizing human rights and nature. [Extracted from the article]

The text reflects on the limited capacity of economic science as a predictive discipline, and points out the need for economists to open themselves to the knowledge and collaboration of other disciplines – social and experimental – that provide information that allows a better understanding of social and economic processes. At the same time, the work focuses on pointing out some of the elements of the economic situation that show that economic growth is slowing down, and that this soft landing is different depending on the country. At the same time, one of the most important structural problems in the current economy is highlighted, inequality, a result that implies greater concentration of wealth precisely in the environment of this slow economic growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The events that occurred between the Europeans, inhabitants of Abya Yala, and the African cultures during the conquest, are a reflection of the establishment of a white-Western hegemonic order, based on the myth of racial superiority, which granted rights to Europeans and imposed relations of domination and exploitation with hidden otherness, denying the material and spiritual life of oppressed peoples. Colonial power was maintained over time, moving to various moments and historical contexts, which gave rise to long and prolonged social resistance, which questioned the colonial order, as well as its ontological, epistemological and political assumptions, which raised a series of questions. It correlates with keeping the Latin American region in a state of subordination. In this context, Bolivia is presented as a subversive and insurgent nation that, with a series of struggle processes for the vindication of its rights and identity, questions the neocolonial and neoliberal order imposed by global elites, giving rise to the birth of the State. Plurinational, thus legitimizing the existence and self-determination of indigenous peoples. The method used is documentary exploration. It is concluded that the processes of social struggles, as well as their actors, are fundamental for the encounter with otherness, to give continuity to the project of the Plurinational State, which cannot be seen as finished, but rather in constant construction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article shares the results of a research project whose objective is the study of the domestic social reproduction of families in an ejido at the south of Nuevo León state, in the Ixtlera region of the Chihuahuan Desert. This ejido is representative of the small towns scattered throughout the five states of the semi-arid Mexican northeast region, identified by its marginalized poor settlements. Domestic social reproduction describes the needs satisfying process of social subjects, which settles a situation of social well-being. This study is based on a mixed methodology design, which helped to collect quantitative and qualitative data, through data-collection techniques such as semistructured interviews, direct observation and a household survey; Field work was be carried out between 2020 and 2022. The results of this study describe who carry out the domestic social reproduction activities related to health and education; domestic work and supply and construction and maintenance of housing. In the conclusions, we try to set these activities as part of a broader process of social reproduction of families, which articulates other practices, conditions and dynamics in the economic, political and cultural spheres; and delimited and defined by the conditions of the environmental structure typical of the arid and semi-arid zones of the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Ciencias Sociales (13159518) is the property of Revista de Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad del Zulia Venezuela and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Española de Sociología is the property of Federacion Espanola de Sociologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Opuntia Brava is the property of Universidad de Ciencias Pedagogicas de Las Tunas, Centro de Documentacion e Informacion Pedagogica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Internacional de Humanidades is the property of Common Ground Research Networks and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Studia Politicae is the property of Studia Politicae and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseño y Comunicación is the property of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseno y Comunicacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Women experiencing homelessness who are victims of gender-based violence face various institutional, administrative, and professional support barriers that hinder their processes of social inclusion. Aware of the limited existing scientific production, this research aims to understand the different forms of institutional violence suffered by homeless women in the ETHOS categories 1, 2, and 4, who are victims of any type of gender-based violence, both from their own perspective and from the perspective of the professionals who assist them. The methodology used is mixed (quantitative and qualitative) through the administration of 137 surveys to professionals from various services for people experiencing homelessness and the conduct of 20 semi-structured interviews with women going through these complex processes. The results highlight the presence of various institutional barriers in key care services (judicial, police, health, and social services) that increase their risks. The main conclusions indicate the need to incorporate a gender perspective and an intersectional approach in the deployed forms of care, promoting comprehensive support with the main goal of breaking these cycles of violence and facilitating their recovery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This ethnographic investigation compares the violence(s), organizational dynamics and social formation processes of two fundamental actors in professional male football: the Argentinean “barras bravas” and the Brazilian “torcidas organizadas.” For this purpose, we resumed the field work conducted with the barra Los Piratas of the Belgrano Athletic Club (Argentina) and the torcida organizada Ira Jovem of the Vasco da Gama Regatta Club (Brazil). We focus on a specific form of violence, highly appraised, called pelear in Argentina and brigar or lutar in Brazil- both meaning fighting. The research compares the historical emergence of both collectives; their social compositions and organizational dynamics; the alterities which they are fighting against; and their spatialities, temporalities and means used in each fight. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper will develop what is understood by the right to education and how it is specifically regulated in the contexts of confinement, taking into account how the educational stimulus regulated in article 140 of Law 24.660 operates and its importance in the process of social reintegration of inmates. A comparison will be made between what is sanctioned by the National Education Law and the international human rights instruments with constitutional hierarchy that support this right and what actually happens in the penitentiary system. Likewise, an analysis will be made of Argentine jurisprudence that recognizes the right to education of persons deprived of liberty and its importance for the system of progressiveness regulated by the law of penal execution. On the other hand, an analysis will be made of how, in practice, the reduction regulated by article 140 has lost its virtuality due to the introduction of a group of offenses that are not eligible for the liberatory institutes through Law 27.375. The main objective lies in the need to emphasize that education in prison contexts is essential for social reintegration and that the State has the obligation to guarantee this right. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From the social revolt of October 2019 to the definitive text of the proposal for the Political Constitution of the Republic of Chile it exposed the paradoxical relationship between legality and legitimacy; notions that are articulated with the concepts of gobernability and gobernance particular history of our country. In this article we expose the question about how this conceptual relationship is embodied in the debt of recognition who leaves this process to those social movements that gave rise to it, especially with those positioned at the limit of these notions as they are crossed by violence as is the case of the so-called "front line". In the development of this hypothesis, we will dwell on the political importance of this group as well as a critical look at the constituent process and the proposed text. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study provides new unpublished documents on clandestine insurgent poetry in New Spain, specifically in Puebla de los Angeles (1810-1812). The social crisis caused by the Napoleonic Invasion generated a series of very diverse billboards, cards and texts that, although not necessarily based on demonstrable sources, evidenced the need to incorporate anonymous voices and thoughts into dramatic events that threatened faith and the catholic monarchy. These criticisms, from the action of the vital axis of New Spain in defense of the Catholic monarchy, have been somewhat forgotten due to the difficulty of locating and accessing primary sources that:, as in this study, bring us closer to these expressions in order to analyse and insert these voices in the social processes of their context. In all of this, the need to legitimize its own identity --political and religious-- within the Catholic monarchy on that side of the Atlantic is observed, which clandestinely took verses as a spearhead and cultural expression in the face of the drama of an incipient Civil War. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on ethnographic description, context analysis and a review of the evolution of the conflict, we examine the case of the township of San José del Peñón in the municipality of San Juan Nepomuceno, and show how humanitarian interventions have weakened community organization by generating political and economic dependence that accentuates the breakdown of territorial, political and social cohesion in the midst of systematic violence against the population. These entities start from a conception of victim that is consistent with their processes and therefore their humanitarian intervention, instead of generating processes of social empowerment and political subjectivation, end up favoring relations of power, conflict and submission that negatively affect the coexistence of these communities in their territories. A phenomenological approach to reality allows us a descriptive approach to the practices and reactions of communities to the intervention processes of external agents. In the conclusions we propose the need to rethink the role of humanitarian assistance in order to recognize and strengthen community organizations, their trajectory, their territorial agendas and their autonomy as an accompaniment route that allows them to recognize themselves autonomously as political, individual and collective subjects and, especially, as protagonists of their history and their future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The editorial article titled "Agri-food systems and food insecurities" addresses the issue of hunger and food insecurity. According to the FAO, there are around 735 million people suffering from hunger and over 3.1 billion who cannot afford a healthy diet. The article seeks to rethink agri-food systems at a global, regional, national, and local level, and confront the taboo of hunger. Regional analyses are presented on palm oil production in the Magdalena Medio region, peasant pig farming in the Valle del Cauca, and the situation of rural women in Colombia. The fight against hunger by indigenous communities in the Northern Cauca region and the strengthening of mobilization and social participation processes in the municipality of Granada, Antioquia, are also highlighted. [Extracted from the article]

The case study takes place, in the municipality of Netzahualcoyotl, Mexico, during the 1980s and 1990s, and is characterized by the cultural emergence of the Chavos Banda. To understand the impact this movement had on the social production of habitat in the municipality, eight interviews were conducted with former members of the bands. We assert that the cultural practices of young people, framed within an urban order, are an important part of the process of social production of habitat in low-income urban developments, such as the case of the municipality of Netzahualcoyotl. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current development model's accumulation logic has resulted in the emergence and consolidation of social processes like segregation, leading to di!erentiated access and availability of urban goods and services among social groups based on socioeconomic, ethnic, or societal standing. The current development model's accumulation logic has resulted in the emergence and consolidation of social processes like segregation, leading to di!erentiated access and availability of urban goods and services among social groups based on socioeconomic, ethnic, or societal standing. This disparity impacts employment levels, educational performance, urban decay, and environmental degradation. In this context, the article aims to examine the socio-spatial segregation in the access to socio-environmental amenities provided by public green spaces (EVP) in a medium-sized city, specifically Durango, Mexico. The analysis utilizes spatial analysis and statistical methods that involve five variables associated with EVPs: surface area, percentage, number, density, and the socioeconomic level of the population. A spatial pattern of segregation was identified through these variables, resulting in four clusters that impact how the city of Durango is inhabited, produced, reproduced, lived, and constructed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Historia y Politica: Ideas, Procesos y Movimientos Sociales is the property of Departamento De Historia del Pensamiento y de los Moviemientos Sociales y Politicos (Madrid) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Ciencias Sociales (13159518) is the property of Revista de Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad del Zulia Venezuela and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Sociología del Trabajo is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Universitaria de Historia Militar (RUHM) is the property of Centro de Estudios de la Guerra and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Pensamiento y Acción Multidisciplinaria is the property of Universidad Catolica del Maule. Escuela de Trabajo Social and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Informacion Comercial Espanola Revista de Economia is the property of S.G.E.E.I.P.C., Secretaria de Estado de Comercio, Ministerio de Industria, Comercio y Turismo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of PODIUM- Revista de Ciencia y Tecnologia en la Cultura Física is the property of Universidad de Pinar del Rio and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Debates is the property of Revista Debates and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Amauta 'Todo lo Humano es Nuestro' is the property of Universidad del Atlantico and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Filosofía (0034-8244) is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Sociedad e Infancias is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Kepes is the property of Universidad de Caldas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tesla Revista Científica is the property of Puerto Madero Editorial Academica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Panorama Económico is the property of Universidad de Cartagena and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Colombian Applied Linguistics Journal is the property of Colombian Applied Linguistics Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arte, Individuo y Sociedad is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)