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The introduction of exotic species constitutes one of the main threats to biodiversity around the world. Spathodea campanulata is a tree species cultivated for its ornamental value, having toxic nectar with insecticidal properties, particularly against bees. In Argentina, its effects on the native entomofauna are unknown. This study explores the mortality effects of S. campanulata on the native entomofauna in a green area of Corrientes city. From the study of three trees, the percentage of flowers with dead entomofauna specimens inside was analyzed and the abundance of the taxa represented was determined. Diversity indices, species richness, inventory completeness and range-abundance curve were calculated. The results revealed the native bee Scaptotrigona jujuyensis was the most abundant, with a total of 46 specimens out of a total of 151 specimens, among which were founded representatives of the orders Himenoptera, Diptera, Coleoptera, Hemiptera, and Araneae. This exploratory study warns that S. campanulata is a potential threat to native entomofauna in urban areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Closures in temperate forests have been widely used to evaluate the effects of livestock on conservation and restoration objectives, but their use with management objectives in integrated productive systems in native forests has been poorly studied. Given that the studies are concentrated in the northern hemisphere, it is essential to advance local research to provide management tools to ensure the continuity of the forest component and the functionality of the system. Therefore, we analyzed the response of vegetation to the temporary exclusion of livestock in silvopastoral systems in mixed Austrocedrus chilensis - Nothofagus dombeyi forests of northern Patagonia. We evaluated changes in the structure, composition and functionality of understory vegetation, as well as in the regeneration of dominant canopy species. We selected three medium-sized estates, and in each one established three plots and three paired closures, which were monitored for three years. Closures significantly affected the height growth of N. dombeyi saplings, and marginally the survival of A. chilensis seedlings, while the species richness, composition, cover and functional diversity of the understory showed no changes. The coverage of palatable species was not affected, possibly due to greater limitation by light than herbivory and the short time of exclusion. Under the conditions studied, short-term community closures do not appear to be a suitable tool in farm management to promote forage production or regeneration of the most sensitive forest species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Green areas and trees are an essential part of the ecological, social, environmental and economic dimensions of urban sustainability. The objective of the research was to evaluate the coverage in the urban area the Sucre canton, with a green area 36 628,27 m2, where a census of existing parks was conducted, an inventory of forest species in the Bahía de Caráquez and Leonidas Plaza parishes was compiled. For this purpose, parks were considered clearly delimited public spaces, dominated by arboreal vegetation destined as public green areas; the research gathered dasometric information on trees from 18 locations including parks and road safety elements (avenues) in the canton; it also determined the areas, along with the total green area surface and the total urban population; according to the urban green index (IVU) it was 1,85 m2/hab. In order to get to know the trees in each park in depth, cartographic analysis was used in the preparation of maps and the georeferencing of green spaces. The ecological importance value index where the Azadirachta Indica species was the most representative species with 28,49% and the Tecoma stans with 1,03% the least representative, Margalef (2,85) reflected with medium diversity of species, Simpson (0,82) represented medium diversity and Shannon-Wiener (2,98) represented medium diversity. Concluding, that urban trees consist mainly of introduced species, with a low green index and a medium diversity according to the Margalef, Simpson and Shannon-Wiener indices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Species richness and composition of aquatic macrophytes are influenced by morphometry and physical and chemical conditions of the aquatic body. However, the influence of these variables has not been confirmed for oxbow lakes or commonly called “cochas” in the Peruvian Amazon. 10 cochas disconnected from the main course of the river were investigated in the Southern Amazon of Peru to know 1) the species richness of aquatic macrophytes, 2) their life form, and 3) the influence of area and depth of the water body and, transparency, pH, dissolved oxygen, total dissolved solids, and temperature of the water on species richness and composition changes of aquatic macrophytes. 68 taxa were reported, where Cyperaceae and Poaceae were the most diverse families. Moreover, he predominant life forms were emergent (47,1 %) and amphibian (36,8 %). Finally, cochas with greater area, pH, and dissolved oxygen, at the same time, with lower temperature, shelter a higher species richness and favour strictly aquatic species establishment, indicating that exists a species turnover along the conformed gradient by the association of these variables. These results demonstrate that southern Amazon of Peru has an important aquatic macrophytes richness that is associated with area, pH, dissolved oxygen, and temperature of the aquatic body. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales is the property of Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicas y Naturales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Lilloa is the property of Fundacion Miguel Lillo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ecosistemas y Recursos Agropecuarios is the property of Universidad Juarez Autonoma de Tabasco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Caldasia is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Caldasia is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Because spiders have a great variety of strategies to capture their prey they have been grouped into ecological guilds. The objective of this study was to determine the composition and structure of spider communities in coffee plantations with different management systems (monoculture and polyculture shade), through their classification into ecological guilds and their graphic categorization. Polyculture was the site with the highest species richness. In general, the abundance of spiders was significantly lower in the polyculture. The guild of diurnal space web-weavers spiders was the most abundant in both coffee sites. Abundance of the guilds of nocturnal aerial runners and nocturnal aerial ambushers were significantly lower in the polyculture, while the guild of diurnal ambushers was significantly lower in the monoculture. Abundance dif ferences were observed between guild hierarchies across sites and seasons. This first analysis of guilds allows us to understand the competition for resources and the ecological niche requirements of spiders in coffee plantations in Oaxaca, Mexico. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the Prepuneño del Monte District of the province of Jujuy extends the Quebrada de Humahuaca, declared World Heritage under the category of cultural landscape. Within the framework of the implementation of this figure, the inventories of species, particularly of arthropods and their relationship with the local plant formations along the altitudinal gradient of the Quebrada de Humahuaca, constitute basic information to complete the description of the fauna of the region. find conservation indicator taxa and interpret possible impacts of climate change. Therefore, the objectives of the study were to know the taxonomic composition of epigeal arthropods and analyze their diversity in an altitudinal and temporal gradient included in the Quebrada de Humahuaca. Four sites were selected, Tumbaya Grande (TG), Chucalezna (CH), Coraya (CO) and Tres Cruces (TC), in which arthropods were collected using pitfall traps, active for 48 h, in autumn, winter and spring of 2016 and summer of 2017. The abundance and richness of arthropod species/morphospecies, alpha, beta and gamma diversity, and their functional groups were analyzed. A total of 6426 arthropods were collected and 103 species/morphospecies were identified distributed in the classes Collembola, Insecta, Arachnida and Malacostraca. Abundances decreased with altitude, but richness decreased at intermediate altitudes and was high at the extremes of the gradient, due to the structure and composition of the vegetation. The warm and more humid periods, especially summer, favored the increase in the richness and abundance of arthropods, although there was greater dominance in winter compared to summer. Formicidae represented 75% of the total arthropods collected. The proportion of species shared between the sites was 14.6% of the total species recorded, while the exclusive were TG=25, CH=6, CO=5 and TC=13. The dominant functional group was the omnivore. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales is the property of Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicas y Naturales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales is the property of Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicas y Naturales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of SHILAP Revista de Lepidopterologia is the property of Sociedad Hispano-Luso-Americana de Lepidopterologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Echinoderms are dominant in terms of abundance and diversity; particularly asteroids play an important role in Antarctic benthic communities. Objective: The aim of the present work was to review the bathymetric distribution, specific composition, occurrence and species richness of asteroid species inhabiting South Orkney, South Shetland and Palmer Archipelago, located in the Antarctic Peninsula. Aspects of the developmental patterns of the species found are also included. Methods: We used data acquired during the 2012 and 2013 Antarctic Summer Campaigns aboard the Oceanographic Vessel "Puerto Deseado". Sampling stations were located in three archipelagos located in the Antarctic Peninsula: South Orkney (SO), South Shetland (SS) and Palmer Archipelago (PA). A total of 28 fishing hauls were made and 436 individuals were photographed and processed. The maximum radius (mm) of each individual, the macroscopic characteristics of the gonads and the presence of embryos were registered. A review of the taxonomic status, bathymetric and geographical distribution area of the sampled species was carried out based on bibliographic records and databases. A hierarchical grouping was used to analyze species composition among the different areas. Results: Asteroids were obtained in all sampling stations (occurrence: 100 %) between 52.7 and 987 m depth. 21 species were recorded, the bathymetric distribution was not broadened in any of them, and the geographical distribution area of six species was expanded. Species richness was equal in SS and PA and higher than in SO, coinciding with the presence of two regional groups with a similar faunal composition. Seventy-two percent of the recorded species present pelagic development (planktotrophic larvae = 17 %, and lecithotrophic larvae = 55 %) and 28 % non-pelagic development (retained larvae = 17 %, and direct development = 11 %). Conclusions: In the three archipelagos, the majority development pattern was pelagic with lecithotrophic nutrition. All the species found in this study are shared with the sub-Antarctic region, highlighting the importance of the Malvinas Current in the dispersal of species from Antarctica. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The biological collections represent the foundation for the knowledge and management of the biodiversity of a region. However, regional collections focused on echinoderms are scarce in Mexico, particularly in the Central Mexican Pacific (CMP). The biological collection of the Laboratorio de Ecología Molecular, Microbiología y Taxonomía (LEMITAX) belongs to the Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias of the Universidad de Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico and it aims to serve as a reference for the region's marine biodiversity. Objective: To state the richness of echinoderms in the LEMITAX collection. Methods: The organisms deposited at the LEMITAX have been collected by SCUBA, free-diving, and bottom trawls with biological dredges in different areas of the Mexican Pacific. The specimens are wet-preserved (70 % ethanol; Asteroidea, Echinoidea, Holothuroidea, and Ophiuroidea) or dried (Asteroidea and Echinoidea). Results: The specimens are from the states of Sinaloa, Nayarit, Jalisco, and Colima, including two natural protected areas (NPAs), the Isabel Island National Park and the sanctuary of the Islands and Islets of Bahía de Chamela. The collection has 20 761 specimens of echinoderms distributed in 75 species (10 asteroids, 17 ophiuroids, 17 echinoids, and 31 holothuroids). The best-represented state is Jalisco (64 species), followed by Nayarit (31), Colima (20), and Sinaloa (11). Concerning the NPAs, Chamela is the best represented (60), followed by Isabel Island (22). Thirty-four new records are added; the largest contribution is for Chamela, with 14 new records, followed by the state of Jalisco (seven), Nayarit (four), Colima (three), and Isabel Island (three). For the CMP, the presence of Astropecten ornatissimus, Luidia phragma, Cucumaria crax, and Holothuria (Cystipus) casoae, is reported for the first time, updating the echinoderm richness to 197 species. The bathymetric distribution range of Ophiactis simplex, Ophiocomella alexandri, and Holothuria (Cystipus) casoae is extended, as well as the geographic range of Cucumaria crax. Conclusions: The biological collections deposited in the universities contribute substantially to the knowledge of biodiversity, as reflected in the LEMITAX collection, whose revision resulted in the updating of the echinoderm richness in the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The interpretation of biological communities as complex adaptive systems aims to demonstrate their ecological patterns at different scales and their environmental relationships. In this survey, we analyzed species diversity and alternative stable states patterns of the bird community in an Andean agroecosystem located on the central-western slope of the Peruvian Andes (Cajatambo District, Lima - Peru), on a temporal and spatio-temporal scale. We evaluated their bird community through 24 line transects, located in seven plant formations along two ecoregions, between 2 700 and 4 600 masl, during the dry and rainy seasons of 2015 and 2016. The temporal patterns did not show differences in species diversity between seasons. We determined the existence of a single temporary alternative stable states; however, we evidenced changes in their species composition between dry and rainy seasons, suggesting a greater functional redundancy in dry season than rainy season due to temporal variability of small granivore-insectivore species. Regarding the spatio-temporal patterns, the plant formations of Polylepis forests, some scrubs and agricultural lands presented high values of species diversity. In addition, we determined eight alternative stable states in relation to one or more plant formations and seasonality. Finally, a higher proportion of regime changes was found in the community alternative stable states located in the Meso-Andean ecoregion as opposed to the Puna-Humid ecoregion, which would suggest that this bird community has a greater selforganization and adaptability in the face of environmental stochasticity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The roadside margins that contain natural vegetation provides biological stable conditions and promote biodiversity. These areas are important to enhance ecosystem services in agricultural landscapes. The aims of this study were i) to assess the diversity of insects as floral visitors (excluding apiformes), and plant species richness in roadside margins, ii) to determine the Functional Groups of insects recorded as floral visitors of roadside margins, and iii) to analyze the ecological role of insects presents in eight roadside margins located in the central-eastern region of the Santa Fe province. The study was conducted along four provincial roads (No. 6, 10, 62, and 64) and the national road No. 19, on November 2013 to September 2015. A total of 1614 insects were recorded. Oxysarcodexia varia (Walker) (Diptera: Sarcophagidae), Allograpta exotica (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Syrphidae) and Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), were the most abundant species. The families Brassicaceae, Apiaceae, and Asteraceae received the highest number of insect visits. A total of 225 plant-insect interactions were recorded. The importance of roadside margin with natural vegetation to provide food and shelters for pollinators, predators, parasitoids, herbivores, and decomposers insects is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Monteleon is considered to be a sub-Andean forest remnant, and its biodiversity is threatened by various anthropogenic factors, leading to forest fragmentation and habitat loss for the species inhabiting it. In order to contribute to the knowledge of its composition, structure, and floristic diversity, three 0.1 ha plots were established in areas with different degrees of disturbance. A total of 941 individuals and 116 species were recorded, where with the plot with low disturbance exhibiting the highest richness and the highest alpha diversity (0D, 1D, and 2D). According to the beta diversity analysis, among the communities, the individuals of the species that are lost are mostly replaced by individuals of other species, and a small percentage is lost without replacement. In conclusion, a state of affectation is reported in the forest due to its heterogeneity, even though it is in a natural state of recovery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Knowledge of the floristic inventories of rural areas is important for the planning, management and conservation of plant species, therefore, the objective of the research was to inventory the tree and shrub vegetation in 60 farms that vary in altitudinal gradient and compare the diversity among the 4 municipalities of the department of Boyacá. The total abundance for each sampled area, species richness, Margalef diversity index, dominance according to Simpson, and Shannon-Wiener equity were determined. The result was that these areas generally present relatively high richness and diversity, with the municipality of Zetaquira standing out for presenting the highest biodiversity indices compared to the other municipalities. Likewise, 17 species were recorded that presented greater ecological plasticity and five were cataloged in the Red Book of Colombian Plants as threatened timber species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Urban environments harbor a significant variety of bryophytes. These non-vascular plants can colonize any type of substrate -such as soil, rock, tree and shrub bark, living leaves, rock materials-present in brick, concrete or building structures in cities. For this research, the mosses, liverworts and hornworts that inhabit the campus of Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, in Tunja (Boyacá) were studied. For this, samplings of the artificial substrates of the infrastructure and of the natural substrates in the green areas and the planted forests in the study area were conducted. With the data obtained, the richness and composition of the bryophytes, the specificity of the substrate and the interaction of phorophytes vs. bryophytes were analyzed. The study allowed the recognition of 80 species and showed that the substrate that concentrated the greatest number of bryophytes was soil, followed by tree bark and decomposing organic matter. The ground substrate turned out to be exclusive of the hornworts. The phorophytes with the highest species richness of mosses and liverworts corresponded to Tecoma stans (L.) Juss. ex Kunth and Pittosporum undulatum Vent. The species Bryum coronatum Schwäegr, Fabronia jamesonii Taylor, Frullania sphaerocephala Spruce and Streptopogon cavifolius Mitt were reported as new records for the department of Boyacá. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Contextualization: Plant genetic resources are the basis of food security in the world; hence, the need to deepen its knowledge and propose strategies for its conservation. Knowledge gap: Marketplaces serve as collection centers for the productive biological diversity of the regions. However, those settings are centralized, and such diversity tends to erode due to acculturation processes. Purpose: This study aimed to know the annual variation of plant genetic resources commercialized in a marketplace of the Colombian Pacific in order to promote their use and value. Methodology: Every two weeks, the Quibdó marketplace was visited for one year. There the plant genetic resources that were traded were recognized. Once in the marketplace, tours were carried out between 8:30 a.m. and 11:00 a.m., taking into account the number of stalls active during the questionnaire implementation. The taxonomic determination was carried out of each species and its origin data with the help of electronic databases and online herbal consultation. In contrast, the crop practice was determined considering the reported data from the Choco Department in the national agricultural survey (ENA for its Spanish acronym). Results and conclusions: 47 species, 35 genera, and 29 families were identified of diverse origins, periodicity, and crop types. Not all plant genetic resources traded at the marketplace are available annually. December (S=39), January (S=38), February and March (S=37) were the months with the highest diversity of species. The lack of agricultural planning in the municipality causes the plant genetic resources variation to thread their persistence. This occurs with species with little availability and that are unknown to new generations, which is also a cause of erosion or loss of plant genetic resources in the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Boletín Científico Centro de Museos de Historia Natural is the property of Universidad de Caldas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Boletín Científico Centro de Museos de Historia Natural is the property of Universidad de Caldas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Caldasia is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Zoologica Lilloana is the property of Fundacion Miguel Lillo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The objective of this research was to evaluate floristic diversity of the dry forest of the Agua Blanca commune, Machalilla - Puerto López parish, through the use of a descriptive and evaluative methodology. It was carried out using descriptive statistics of graphic bars for the floristic inventory. The mathematical method of the Shannon-Weaver index and the Ecological Importance Value Index (IVIE) was used. Monitoring plots were established covering an area of 6,100 m² (20 x 305 meters) with six sampling points in the dry forest of the Agua Blanca commune, within which nine floristic species were identified, the most dominant being the shrub moyuyo; The Shannon-Weaver index indicated a medium diversity with a value of 1.61, while the IVIE showed that the species Cordia lutea Lam. (36.99%), Bursera graveolens (Kunth) (20.66%), Cereus jamacaru (10.47%) have greater ecological importance in the dry forest of the Agua Blanca commune. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Oak forests, predominantly composed of Quercus species, often coexist with other tree species. Lichens are an important component of these forests. This study aimed to identify the phorophyte species present in Quercus forests within fragments of two protected natural areas in Morelos, Mexico, and to compare the epiphytic lichen community between the two sampling locations. Each selected phorophyte was measured for height, crown coverage, and breast height diameter. These variables were compared using the Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon U-test. The lichen community was assessed at each sampling location using the first-order Jackknife nonparametric test. Subsequently, the Shannon diversity index, species indicator analysis and two-way cluster analysis were applied. The results revealed that in one locality, Quercus magnolifolia dominated, with some elements of Q. acutifolia and Harpalyce formosa. This location contained the highest tree density (59 individuals), relatively younger trees, and the greatest lichen richness (52). The most abundant lichen species were Canoparmelia cryptochlorophaea, Hypotrachyna gracilescens and Endohyalina ericina. Quercus glaucoides was found exclusively in the mature forest, with 22 individuals and 11 lichen species. The most abundant lichen species in this location were Physcia integrata, Leptogium cyanescens, and L. milligranum. The total lichen richness between both locations was 90 species (30 in the opportunistic collection). They shared only 13 species, and 20 were new records for the state of Morelos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and aims: Hippeastrinae originated in South America and then migrated to North America. Mexico represents a center of diversity of the group and the Mexican Transition Zone concentrates the highest species richness. The aims of this work were to estimate the species richness of Hippeastrinae in Mexico, to analyze the geographic distribution and to identify areas of richness. M&M: A database was created from herbarium specimens, electronic resources, and literature. Using geographic information systems, we estimated the species richness and distribution by state, region and biogeographic province; vegetation type, latitude, longitude and elevation. Additionally, the species richness was analyzed using a grid cell of 50 × 50 km2 . Results: Fourty-five species of Hippeastrinae occur in Mexico. The database integrated 1359 georeferenced records. Hippeastrinae was recorded in 31 states, in all regions, biogeographic provinces and vegetation types. It occurs from 15.9 to 31.8° latitude, from 88.2 to 118.3° longitude and from 0 to 3508 m a.s.l. San Luis Potosí had the greatest species richness and endemism. The Neotropical region host the largest number of species. The Sierra Madre Oriental province harbors the greatest species richness and the richest cells. The group resulted particularly diverse in coniferous and oak forest, xeric shrubland and agriculture-aquaculture farmland. Conclusions: Hippeastrinae exhibit a modern neotropical pattern of richness and distribution. The species richness and endemism were concentrated in the Neotropical region and the Mexican Transition Zone. The Sierra Madre Oriental is a center of diversity of the group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction and aims: In the process of urbanization, fragmentation of environments leads to the loss of habitats and native species diversity. Rescue of plants for ex situ conservation can be an early intervention measure after disturbance. We analyzed the effect of soil removal on the population of the bulbous geophyte Zephyranthes gilliesiana (Herb.) Nic. García (Amaryllidaceae) and assessed the success of rescuing specimens for ex situ conservation. M&M: In a recently urbanized sector immersed in the steppe east of Bariloche city (Río Negro, Argentina), the frequency, cover, and density of Z. gillesiana plants were calculated and estimated in degraded and undisturbed reference areas. Sixty Z. gilliesiana plants were rescued, the depth localization of the bulb was recorded, and the relationship between bulb weight and early survival (60 days after transplanting) was evaluated. Results: Species richness and vegetation cover were lower in the degraded area than in the reference area. The frequency, cover and density of Z. gilliesiana were higher in the degraded area. Survival was 47% in plants with heavier bulbs (25% developed reproductive structures). Conclusions: We consider that the rescue of Z. gilliesiana was successful and its documentation together with the study of agamic and sexual propagation would contribute to generate conservation plans for this species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Clear-cutting and weeding of riparian habitats in peri-urban watercourses are common practices that may lead to a lower cover and to changes in vegetation assemblages, encompassing increments in the proportion of exotic and ruderal species. The aim of this work was to study the herbaceous assemblages prior to and along three years after deforestation in the Lujan's River riverbank, which was dominated by the invasive species Gleditsia triacanthos and other woody exotics. Four sites were sampled, on one occasion before and five times after the disturbance, assessing at each site the percentage of bare soil and the cover by species. After deforestation, the proportion of bare soil became significantly lower from 15 months on. Before the disturbance the species richness was 21, and two years later it stabilized in more than 50 species, while beta diversity remained mostly unchanged. The assemblages found before and on the first sampling after the disturbance were the most different between all pairs (ANOSIM, SIMPER). Both exotic as ruderal species increased in the first stages, and then returned to pre disturbance values. Three years after deforestation, the changes in diversity suggest that a different assemblage has established in place of the pre disturbance one. The resulting assemblage has higher cover and number of species and is co dominated by both riparian native species and disturbed environments species, while the proportion of exotic and ruderal species remains unchanged. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article titled "Spatial interpolation methods for mapping species richness using R" presents the use of geostatistical methods and the R program to estimate species richness in areas with incomplete information. The book "Spatial interpolation methods for mapping species richness using R" published by the Yucatan Scientific Research Center provides a guide for using the R program in the creation of maps of species richness and abundance. The book is divided into 9 chapters that cover everything from the installation of the R program to the comparison of different interpolation methods used in the manual. The main objective of the book is to facilitate the estimation of the spatial distribution of species richness in a study area. [Extracted from the article]

Birds are one of the most studied animal groups in the world, they play an important role in ecosystems and are considered excellent bioindicators of environmental health. Its great appeal and importance has made it necessary to know the birdlife of the regions in order to conserve it sustainably. Bauta is a municipality located in the north of the Artemisa province with great value for birds, it has several relevant water habitats and favorable ecosystems for their development. However, there are no known studies on the birds of that region, hence the objective of this work is to make the list of species for the Bauta municipality in the Artemisa province, Cuba. To do this, using the linear transect method, 96 samplings were carried out at least once a month from January 2021 to May 2023 in six locations and several points of the municipality. The 139 species registered were included in 42 families and 18 orders, of which 15 are Caribbean endemic and 5 exclusive to Cuba. About 69% were migratory species. The Maurín Reservoir hold the largest Species Richness in the municipality due to the large number of ecosystems present. In general, the municipality has a great species diversity and a large number of migratory birds, which makes it an important area for bird conservation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The updating of the list of bird species of the Fauna Refuge Laguna de Guanaroca - Punta Gavilán in the south of the province of Cienfuegos was based on four fundamental sources: results of monitoring in the Protected Area in 2019 and 2020, Management Plan for the period 2015-2019, articles published and the international databases gbif (idem) (n = 4) and ebird (n = 38) between 2006-2020. Linear transect 100 m long and fixed counting points were used for the sampling. A total of 173 species of birds distributed in 21 orders and 47 families were registered, representing 43.03%; 80.77% and 65.28% of those registered for Cuba, respectively. Eighteen endemics of Cuba were identified, with 12 species with some degree of threat. It could be distinguished that 59.54% of the species that visit the area were migratory, or had a migratory component. A total of 71 species of aquatic birds (41.04%) and 102 (58.96%) species of land birds were recorded in the area. Nineteen guilds were found according to diet distributed in eight general groups. The results showed the value of the Fauna Refuge Laguna de Guanaroca-Punta Gavilán for the conservation of birds in mangrove ecosystems and its great tourist attraction for lovers of wildlife, birds and nature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An analysis of the diversity of three beetle assemblages associated with carcasses of different types of mammals in an agroecosystem in Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico is presented. The study was carried out in three samplings, between July and October 2017. In the first sampling, a pig carcass was used as a study model, in the second, a coati, and in the third sampling, a deer. The collection of specimens was carried out every third day after each carcass was placed and concluded until the total decomposition of the soft tissues was completed. A total of 661 individuals grouped into 40 morphospecies, distributed in 11 families, were collected. The families with the highest species richness were Staphylinidae Scarabaeidade and Histeridae. The composition, richness and abundance of species was different in each type of carcass, this is probably due to the availability of resources over time, as well as the phenology of the species, rather than the type of carcass. The relevance of some species found is highlighted, with high potential in the application of forensic entomology due to its marked seasonality and incidence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The editorial article titled "History of Food: Circulation, Food Practices, and Cultural Changes" addresses the history of food from the time of exploration and interoceanic conquest initiated by Europeans in the 15th century. It highlights how commercial exchanges and globalization changed traditional parameters of life and turned food into signs of social distinction. Additionally, it mentions how the commercial revolution of the 17th century marked the beginning of modern consumption and how food became a commodity. Several articles are presented that analyze different aspects of the history of food, such as the role of potatoes in the Andean world, the production and circulation chain of cocoa in the 18th century, Antioquian cuisine in the 19th century, the famine in Ukraine during and after World War II, the control of corn cultivation and consumption in Mexico between 1937 and 1961, the effects of the Civil War in the province of Malaga in Spain, and the relationship between street food and the concept of R-existence in Bahia. These articles highlight the importance of food and nutrition in society and the need to preserve the diversity of species and food practices. [Extracted from the article]

The order Scolopendromorpha includes 700 species of centipedes worldwide. It is the most diverse group of myriapods in Colombia with 40 species and six subspecies. In this work, the number of centipede species known in the country was updated from a review of specialized literature, as well as databases and specimen records in online digital collections. New records of 19 species and one subspecies were found. Thus, the richness of the group increased to fifty-four species and seven subspecies within three families, five subfamilies, eight genera, and seven subgenera. In addition, 30 of the 32 departments of the Colombian territory registered a representative identified at least at the gender level. Antioquia, Boyacá and Cundinamarca are the departments with the highest species richness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Typical rivers of large continental masses flow into the Pacific and Caribbean coasts of Colombia, as well as small streams from coastal mountains. In large rivers, the diversity of species is high compared to coastal streams. In contrast, mountain basins present a greater abundance of amphidromous species than primary ones. In this research, the composition of fish fauna of the lower sector of the Gaira River on the Northwestern slope of the Sierra Nevada of Santa Marta (SNSM) was analyzed. Sampling was carried out during the rainy and dry seasons with the objective of determining species composition and possible correlations in species structure, and between the fish and the river substrate. To do so we used principal component analysis (PCA) and Analysis of Canonical Correspondence (ACC), among others. Overall, 967 individuals were collected, which were distributed in 11 orders, 13 families and 23 species, six of which (26.8%) are considered purely freshwater, 15 (65.21%) estuarine species, and two (8.69%) marine. The ACP differentiated two biotopes, backwaters and rapids, and the ACC showed that pH is the most important environmental variable in the distribution of species. The change in seasonality caused variation in the flow rate that affected the abundance and structure of the habitat. This alteration generated hydrological variations that were reflected in the fish communities during the dry season due to the interruption of the flow of water between the upper, middle and lower parts of the river. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Revista Intropica is the property of Revista Intropica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Chihuahuan Desert is one of the largest and most important arid zones in North America with great richness of species and number of endemisms, Despite this, study of various groups such as insects is still very scarce. In this research, diversity of chrysomelids in areas of Chihuahua and Durango that make up the Mexican Chihuahuan Desert was evaluated. In total, 765 specimens were collected, belonging to 55 species, 34 genera, nine tribes, and six subfamilies. Alpha diversity values reflected greater diversity of species in the State of Durango, with Galerucinae being the subfamily with the greatest richness and abundance (20 species, 331 individuals). Similarly, NMDS analysis showed differential ordering in chrysomelid communities studied with 16 species exclusive to Chihuahua and 23 to Durango. This study is one of the first reports of diversity of chrysomelids in the Mexican Chihuahuan Desert. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Acta Zoologica Lilloana is the property of Fundacion Miguel Lillo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Zoologica Lilloana is the property of Fundacion Miguel Lillo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of FACSalud is the property of Revista FACSalud and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A total of 326 parasitic helminths were obtained from 94 specimens of Halichoeres bivittatus (Pisces: Labridae) at two sites in the reef zone at the limits of the Veracruz Reef System National Park, Veracruz, Mexico, southwestern Gulf of Mexico: Punta Gorda (n = 51) and Mata de Uva (n = 43). Fish were caught from May to September 2001. Each sample was examined at the levels of the component community and infracommunity. Three parasitic helminth species were found in intestines: Nicolla halichoeri (Digenea: Plagiorchiida: Opecoelidae) is a new geographic record, Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) garnotus (Nematoda) is a new host record, and larvae of Tetraphyllidea gen. sp. (Cestoda) were the parasites with the highest prevalence and the average intensity at both sites. Species richness (S = 3) and the Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H'= 0,42; 0,49) were lower than those previously estimated for the labrid host-parasite community in the study area. No correlations between the total number of species or the total number of helminths and the total length or weight of the host were observed. An analysis of the accumulated curve for the component community suggested that the inventory of helminth species was almost complete for both sites. The abundance of cestode larvae infers H. bivittatus is an intermediate host of the parasite. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]